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Java Interview Topics

The document outlines key concepts and features of Core Java, including basics, object-oriented programming, strings, arrays, collections, exception handling, multithreading, memory management, Java 8+ features, advanced Java topics, design and architecture, Java internals, and performance best practices. Each section covers essential topics such as data types, control statements, inheritance, collections frameworks, JDBC, design patterns, and coding standards. This comprehensive guide serves as a foundational resource for understanding Java programming and its advanced concepts.

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Shobhit Singh
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3 views4 pages

Java Interview Topics

The document outlines key concepts and features of Core Java, including basics, object-oriented programming, strings, arrays, collections, exception handling, multithreading, memory management, Java 8+ features, advanced Java topics, design and architecture, Java internals, and performance best practices. Each section covers essential topics such as data types, control statements, inheritance, collections frameworks, JDBC, design patterns, and coding standards. This comprehensive guide serves as a foundational resource for understanding Java programming and its advanced concepts.

Uploaded by

Shobhit Singh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

Core Java Basics

• History and Features of Java (WORA, OOP, platform-independent, etc.)

• JVM, JDK, JRE – differences

• Data Types, Variables, Literals

• Operators and Expressions

• Type Casting, Type Promotion

• Control Statements (if, switch, loops, break/continue)

• Command-Line Arguments

• static keyword

2. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

• Classes and Objects

• Constructor & Constructor Overloading

• Method Overloading vs Overriding

• this and super keywords

• Inheritance (IS-A, HAS-A, Composition)

• Polymorphism (compile-time vs runtime)

• Encapsulation

• Abstraction (abstract class vs interface)

• Access Modifiers (public, private, protected, default)

• Final, Finally, Finalize

3. Strings

• String vs StringBuilder vs StringBuffer

• String Pool (interning)

• Common methods (substring, equals, compareTo, etc.)

• Immutability of String

4. Arrays & Collections


• Arrays (1D, 2D, jagged arrays)

• Arrays.asList() behavior

• ArrayList, LinkedList, Vector, Stack

• HashSet, TreeSet, LinkedHashSet

• HashMap, LinkedHashMap, TreeMap, Hashtable

• Queue, PriorityQueue, Deque

• Differences between List, Set, Map

• Fail-fast vs Fail-safe Iterators

• Comparable vs Comparator

5. Exception Handling

• try-catch-finally

• Checked vs Unchecked Exceptions

• Throw vs Throws

• Custom Exceptions

• Exception Hierarchy

6. Multithreading & Concurrency

• Thread lifecycle

• Thread class vs Runnable interface

• Synchronization (synchronized keyword, locks)

• Deadlock, Livelock, Starvation

• volatile keyword

• wait(), notify(), notifyAll()

• Executor Framework (Callable, Future)

• Concurrency utilities (CountDownLatch, CyclicBarrier, Semaphore)

7. Java Memory Management

• Stack vs Heap
• Garbage Collection (GC algorithms, System.gc())

• Strong, Weak, Soft, Phantom references

• Memory leaks in Java

8. Java 8+ Features

• Lambda Expressions

• Functional Interfaces (Predicate, Consumer, Supplier, Function)

• Streams API (map, filter, reduce, collect)

• Method References

• Optional Class

• Default & Static methods in interfaces

• New Date/Time API (LocalDate, LocalTime, ZonedDateTime)

9. Advanced Java

• JDBC (Connection, Statement, PreparedStatement, ResultSet)

• Servlets (lifecycle, request/response)

• JSP (implicit objects, directives, JSTL)

• JavaBeans

• Spring / Spring Boot basics (commonly asked in modern interviews)

• Hibernate/JPA basics

10. Design & Architecture

• Design Patterns (Singleton, Factory, Builder, Observer, Strategy, etc.)

• SOLID Principles

• Dependency Injection

• MVC Architecture

11. Java Internals

• ClassLoader mechanism
• Reflection API

• Annotations (built-in & custom)

• Proxy classes

• Serialization & Deserialization

12. Performance & Best Practices

• Immutable classes

• Effective use of equals() & hashCode()

• Defensive copying

• Java coding standards

• Common pitfalls (NullPointerException, ConcurrentModificationException)

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