TRICHY ENGINEERING COLLEGE
(A Unit of SS Group of Institutions)
Approved by AICTE & Affiliated to Anna University, Chennai
An ISO 9001:2015 Certified Institution
Sivagnanam Nagar, Trichy-Chennai NH, Konalai, Trichy - 621 105.
COURSE PLAN –THEORY
Faculty Name R.BUVANA
Designation / Department AP/ECE
CEC 345 / OPTICAL COMMUNICATION &
Course Code / Name
NETWORKS
Programme / Branch B.E / ECE
Year /Semester III / V
Academic Year 2023-2024
Regulation 2021
Core/ Elective CORE
Contact Hours 45
No. of Credits 3
Course Pre-requisites:
a. Basic Communication systems
b. Microwave communication
Course Learning Objective:
To Study About The Various Optical Fiber Modes, Configuration Of Optical Fibers
To Study Transmission Characteristics Of Optical Fibers.
To Learn About The Various Optical Sources, Detectors And Transmission Techniques.
To Explore Various Idea About Optical Fiber Measurements And Various Coupling
Techniques.
To Enrich The Knowledge About Optical Communication Systems And Networks.
1. At the end of the Course, the Student will be able to:
Course Outcomes
CO1 Realize Basic Elements In Optical Fibers, Different Modes And
Configurations.
CO2 Analyze The Transmission Characteristics Associated With
Dispersion And Polarization Techniques
CO3 Design Optical Sources And Detectors With Their Use In Optical Communication
System.
CO4 Construct Fiber Optic Receiver Systems, Measurements And Techniques
CO5 Design Optical Communication Systems And Its Networks.
2. Programme Outcomes :
Engineering Graduates will be able to:
1. Engineering knowledge: Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science, engineering
fundamentals, and an engineering specialization to the solution of complex
engineering problems.
2. Problem analysis: Identify, formulate, review research literature, and analyze
complex engineering problems reaching substantiated conclusions using first
principles of mathematics, natural sciences, and engineering sciences.
3. Design/development of solutions: Design solutions for complex engineering
problems and design system components or processes that meet the specified needs
with appropriate consideration for the public health and safety, and the cultural,
societal, and environmental considerations.
4. Conduct investigations of complex problems: Use research-based knowledge and
research methods including design of experiments, analysis and interpretation of data,
and synthesis of the information to provide valid conclusions.
5. Modern tool usage: Create, select, and apply appropriate techniques, resources, and
modern engineering and IT tools including prediction and modeling to complex
engineering activities with an understanding of the limitations.
6. The engineer and society: Apply reasoning informed by the contextual knowledge to
assess societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issues and the consequent
responsibilities relevant to the professional engineering practice.
7. Environment and sustainability: Understand the impact of the professional
engineering solutions in societal and environmental contexts, and demonstrate the
knowledge of, and need for sustainable development.
8. Ethics: Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and responsibilities
and norms of the engineering practice.
9. Individual and team work: Function effectively as an individual, and as a member
or leader in diverse teams, and in multidisciplinary settings.
10.Communication: Communicate effectively on complex engineering activities with
the engineering community and with society at large, such as, being able to
comprehend and write effective reports and design documentation, make effective
presentations, and give and receive clear instructions.
11.Project management and finance: Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the
engineering and management principles and apply these to one’s own work, as a
member and leader in a team, to manage projects and in multidisciplinary
environments.
Life-long learning: Recognize the need for, and have the preparation and ability to engage in
independent and life-long learning in the broadest context of technological change.
3. Programme Specific Outcomes:
Engineering Graduates will be able to:
To analyze, design and develop solutions by applying foundational concepts of electronics and
communication engineering.
To apply design principles and best practices for developing quality products for scientific and
business applications.
To adapt to emerging information and communication technologies (ICT) to innovate ideas and
solutions to existing/novel problems.
4. CO-PO Mapping Table:
CEC345 - OPTICAL COMMUNICATION & NETWORKS
COs PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO 11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3
CO1 3 3 2 3 2 1 1 1 3 3 3
CO2 3 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 3 3 3
CO3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 3 2 3
CO4 3 3 2 3 2 1 1 2 2 1 2
CO5 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 1 1 3
WEIG 2 2 1
HTED
2 2 3 3 1 3 1 3
AVER
AGE
1- Weak 2- Moderate 3- Strong
5. Course Syllabus:
CEC345 OPTICAL COMMUNICATION &
NETWORKS
L T P C
3 0 0 3
OBJECTIVES:
To study about the various optical fiber modes, configuration and transmission
characteristics of optical fibers
To learn about the various optical sources, detectors and transmission techniques
To explore various idea about optical fiber measurements and various coupling
techniques
To enrich the knowledge about optical communication systems and networks
UNIT-I INTRODUCTION TO OPTICAL FIBER COMMUNICATION
9
Introduction - The General Systems - Advantages of Optical Fiber Communication- Ray
Theory Transmission : Total Internal Reflection, Acceptance Angle, Numerical Aperture,
Skew Rays - Electromagnetic Mode Theory for Optical Propagation: Modes in a Planar
Guide, Phase and group velocity - Cylindrical Fiber: Step index fibers, Graded index fibers -
Single mode fibers: Cutoff wavelength..
UNIT II TRANSMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF OPTICAL 9
FIBERS
Attenuation - Material absorption losses in silica glass fibers: Intrinsic absorption, Extrinsic
absorption - Linear scattering losses: Rayleigh Scattering, Mie Scattering -Nonlinear
scattering losses: Stimulated Brillouin Scattering, Stimulated Raman Scattering – Fiber Bend
Loss – Dispersion- Chromatic dispersion: Material dispersion, Waveguide dispersion-
Intermodal dispersion : Multimode step index fiber, Multimode graded index fiber.
UNIT III OPTICAL SOURCES AND OPTICAL DETECTORS 9
The laser : Introduction - Basic concepts: Absorption and emission of radiation, Population
inversion , Optical feedback and laser oscillation, Threshold condition for laser oscillation-
Optical emission from semiconductors: The PN junction, Spontaneous emission, Carrier
recombination, Stimulated emission and lasing, Hetero junctions- LED: Introduction- Power
and Efficiency - LED structures: Planar LED, Dome LED, Surface emitter LED, Edge
emitter LED- LED Characteristics. Optical Detectors:Introduction ,Optical Detection
Principles, Quantum Efficiency, Resposivity, P-N Photodiode ,P-I-N Photo Diode and
Avalanche Photodiode
UNIT IV OPTICAL FIBER MEASUREMENTS 9
Introduction- Total Fiber Attenuation Measurement, Fiber Dispersion Measurements In Time
Domain and Frequency Domain, Fiber Cut off Wavelength Measurements, Numerical
Aperture Measurements. Fiber Diameter Measurements,.Reflectance And Optical Return
Loss, Field Measurements
UNIT V OPTICAL NETWORKS 9
Introduction- Optical Network Concepts: Optical Networking Terminology, Optical Network Node And
Switching Elements, Wavelength Division Multiplexed Networks, Public Telecommunications Network
Overview- Optical Network Transmission Modes, Layers And Protocols: Synchronous Networks,
Asynchronous Transfer Mode, Open System Interconnection Reference Model, Optical Transport Network,
Internet Protocol- Wavelength Routing Networks: Routing And Wavelength Assignment- Optical
Switching Networks: Optical Circuit Switched Networks, Optical Packet Switched Networks,
Multiprotocol Label Switching, Optical Burst Switching Networks- Optical Network Deployment : Long
Haul Networks, Metropolitan area networks, Access networks, Local Area Networks- Optical Ethernet
Network protection, restoration and survivability.
.
TOTAL:45 PERIODS
TEXTBOOKS:
1. John M.Senior, “Optical Fiber Communication”, Pearson Education, Fouth Edition.2010.
REFERENCES:
1. Gred Keiser,"Optical Fiber Communication”, McGraw Hill Education (India) Private Limited. Fifth
Edition, Reprint 2013.
2. Govind P. Agrawal, “Fiber-Optic Communication Systems”, Third Edition, John Wiley & Sons, 2004.
3. J.Gower, “Optical Communication System”, Prentice Hall Of India, 2001
4. Rajiv Ramaswami, “Optical Networks “ , Second Edition, Elsevier , 2004.
5. P Chakrabarti, "Optical Fiber Communication”, McGraw Hill Education (India)Private Limited, 2016
6. Course Plan: LTPC 3003
Lecturer Cumulative Text Book/ Teaching
Topic to be Covered
Hours Hours Reference Methodology
UNIT I: INTRODUCTION TO OPTICAL FIBERS
L1 Introduction - The General Systems 1 T1, R1 BB
Advantages of Optical Fiber BB
L2 2 T2, R2
Communication
Ray Theory Transmission : Total Internal
L3 3 T2, R2 BB
Reflection
Acceptance Angle, Numerical Aperture, PPT
L4 4 T1, R3
Skew Rays
Electromagnetic Mode Theory for Optical
L5 5 T2, R1 PPT
Propagation: Modes in a Planar Guide
L6 Phase and group velocity 6 T1, R2 PPT
L7 Cylindrical Fiber 7 T1, R2 BB
BB
L8 Step index fibers, Graded index fibers 8 T1, R3
L9 Single mode fibers: Cutoff wavelength 9 T1, R3 BB
UNIT II TRANSMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF OPTICAL FIBER
Attenuation - Material absorption losses T1, T2 BB
L1 10
in silica glass fibers
L2 Intrinsic absorption, Extrinsic absorption 11 R1,T2 BB
Linear scattering losses: Rayleigh T1,T2 PPT
L3 12
Scattering, Mie Scattering
Nonlinear scattering losses: Stimulated T1, R2
L4 13 PPT
Brillouin Scattering
L5 Stimulated Raman Scattering 14 T1, R3 BB
Fiber Bend Loss – Dispersion- Chromatic T1,R3 PPT
L6 15
dispersion
Material dispersion, Waveguide T1, T2
L7 16 BB
dispersion
Intermodal dispersion : Multimode step BB
L8 17 T1, R3
index fiber
L9 Multimode graded index fiber 18 T1,R3 BB
UNIT III OPTICAL SOURCES AND OPTICAL DETECTORS
L1 The laser : Introduction - Basic concepts 19 T2, R1 PPT
Absorption and emission of radiation, T1, R2 PPT
L2 20
Population inversion
Optical feedback and laser oscillation,
L3 Threshold condition for laser oscillation- 21 T2, R3 BB
Optical emission from semiconductors
The PN junction, Spontaneous emission, T1, T2 BB
L4 22
Carrier recombination
L5 Stimulated emission and lasing, Hetero 23 T1, T2 BB
junctions- LED: Introduction- Power and
Efficiency
LED structures: Planar LED, Dome LED, T1, T2
L6 24 BB
Surface emitter LED, Edge emitter LED
LED Characteristics. Optical PPT
L7 25 T1, T2
Detectors:Introduction
Optical Detection Principles, Quantum
L8 26 T1, R4 BB
Efficiency, Resposivity, P-N Photodiode
P-I-N Photo Diode and Avalanche BB
L9 27 T1, T2
Photodiode
UNIT IV: OPTICAL FIBER MEASUREMENTS
Introduction- Total Fiber Attenuation BB
L1 29 T1, R4
Measurement
Fiber Dispersion Measurements In
L2 30 T1, R4 BB
Time Domain and Frequency Domain
L3 Fiber Cut off Wavelength Measurements 31 T1, R1 BB
L4 Numerical Aperture Measurements 32 T1, R1 BB
L5 Fiber Diameter Measurements 33 T1, R2 BB
L6 Reflectance And Optical Return Loss 34 T1, R2 BB
L7 Field Measurements 35 T1, R3 BB
L8 Problems solving 36 R2, R3 PPT
L9 Problems solving 37 T1, R2 PPT
UNIT V: OPTICAL NETWORKS
Introduction- Optical Network Concepts: T1, T2 BB
L1 39
Optical Networking Terminology
, Optical Network Node And Switching T1, T2
L2 40 BB
Elements
Wavelength Division Multiplexed
L3 Networks, Public Telecommunications 41 T1, T2 PPT
Network Overview
Optical Network Transmission Modes,
L4 Layers And Protocols: Synchronous 42 R1, R4 PPT
Networks, Asynchronous Transfer Mode
Open System Interconnection Reference
Model, Optical Transport Network,
L5 Internet Protocol- Wavelength Routing 43 R1, R2 BB
Networks: Routing And Wavelength
Assignment
Optical Switching Networks: Optical
L6 Circuit Switched Networks, Optical 44 R1, R2 BB
Packet Switched Networks
Multiprotocol Label Switching, Optical T1, T2
L7 45 BB
Burst Switching Networks
Network Deployment : Long Haul
L8 46 T1, T2 PPT
Networks, Metropolitan area networks
Access networks, Local Area Networks
Optical Ethernet: Network protection, T1, T2 PPT
L9 47
restoration and survivability.
*ICT Tools has been implemented in all the classes.
7. Content beyond Syllabus:
Mode of Resource Coverage of
Sl. No. Topic POs / PSOs
Implementation Person
1. Linearly polarized systems PPT INTERNAL PO4, PSO2
Modulation formats of optical
2. PPT INTERNAL PO4, PSO2
communication
Channel capacity of optical
3. PPT INTERNAL PO4, PSO2
fibers
Recent technologies in optical
4. PPT INTERNAL PO4, PSO2
communication
Space division multiplexing in
5. PPT INTERNAL PO4, PSO2
optical fibers
8. Assignment:
Submission
Sl. No Assignment Topics
Date
Total Internal Reflection, Numerical aperture, Critical angle,
1 31.7.24
Acceptance angle
2 Bending losses-core and cladding losses-signal dispersion 24.8.23
3 Detectors: PIN photo detector-Avalanche photo diodes 19.10.23
Error sources-Front end amplifiers-digital receiver
4 27.10.23
performance
5 Elements of optical networks-SONET/SDH 15.11.23
9. Student’s Class Notes Verification Schedule:
Sl. No Portions Verification Date
1 Up to 1.5 units Before the commencement of CAT – I
2 Unit – 1.5 to Unit – 3 Before the commencement of CAT – II
3 Unit – 4 & Unit – 5 Before the commencement of CAT – III
10. Internal Examination Schedule:
Sl. No Examination Date Topic Marks
1 CAT– I As per Anna University Up to 1.5 UNITS 50
Chennai Schedule
As per Anna University
2 CAT – II UNIT – 1.5 to UNIT – 3 50
Chennai Schedule
As per Anna University
3 CAT – III UNIT – 4 & UNIT – 5 50
Chennai Schedule
CAT – Continuous Assessment Test
11. Course Outcome(CO)Assessment Methods:
Direct Indirect
CAT 1
CAT 2
CAT 3 Course End Survey
Assignment
AU End Semester Examination
12. End Semester Evaluation Components (Anna University, Chennai):
Marks
Sl. No Component
Internal External
1 Internal Examinations (I – III) 20
2 University Examination 80
Total 100
Date of Preparation: 10.07.2023
Course Coordinator HoD – ECE
R.BUVANA
