Report on Android Operating System
Name: ____________________
Roll No: ____________________
Course: BBA
Semester: ___________
College: ICFAI University
Date: ____________________
Acknowledgement
I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my faculty and institution for providing me with the
opportunity to prepare this report on the Android Operating System. I am thankful for their guidance,
support, and encouragement throughout the process of completing this project.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction
2. History and Development
3. Features of Android OS
4. Android Architecture
5. Advantages of Android
6. Limitations of Android
7. Applications of Android OS
8. Case Study: Android in Smartphones
9. Future of Android OS
10. Conclusion
11. References
Introduction
The Android Operating System (OS) is one of the most widely used mobile operating systems in the
world, holding more than 70% of the global market share in 2023. Developed initially by Android
Inc. and later acquired by Google, Android revolutionized mobile computing with its open-source
nature, affordability, and large app ecosystem.
History and Development
Android Inc. was founded in 2003 by Andy Rubin, Rich Miner, Nick Sears, and Chris White. In
2005, Google acquired Android, marking the beginning of a new era in mobile technology. The first
Android phone, HTC Dream (T-Mobile G1), was released in 2008. Over the years, Android versions
have been released with dessert-themed names: Cupcake, Donut, Eclair, Froyo, Gingerbread,
Honeycomb, Ice Cream Sandwich, Jelly Bean, KitKat, Lollipop, Marshmallow, Nougat, Oreo, Pie,
Android 10, 11, 12, 13, and the latest Android 14 (Upside Down Cake, 2023).
Features of Android OS
Android offers features such as:
- Open-source and customizable platform.
- Access to millions of apps via Google Play Store.
- Advanced multitasking with split-screen support.
- Security features including biometric authentication.
- Connectivity options: Wi-Fi, NFC, Bluetooth, 5G.
- Support for various hardware devices and screen sizes.
Android Architecture
Android follows a layered architecture:
1. Linux Kernel – Handles memory, device drivers, power management.
2. Libraries & Android Runtime (ART) – Core libraries for application development.
3. Application Framework – Provides APIs for developers.
4. Applications – Pre-installed apps (Phone, Messages, Browser) and third-party apps.
Advantages of Android
- Open-source and flexible.
- Wide range of devices at different price points.
- Frequent updates and new features.
- Extensive developer community.
- Google integration (Drive, Gmail, Maps).
Limitations of Android
- Fragmentation: Different devices use different Android versions.
- Security risks due to sideloading apps.
- Higher battery consumption compared to iOS.
- Pre-installed bloatware in low-cost devices.
Applications of Android OS
Android is used in:
- Smartphones and tablets.
- Smart TVs and set-top boxes.
- Wearables (smartwatches with WearOS).
- Automotive systems (Android Auto).
- IoT devices and smart appliances.
Case Study: Android in Smartphones
Samsung and Google Pixel provide two examples of Android usage:
- Samsung: Uses Android with its custom One UI interface, adding features and services for users.
- Google Pixel: Runs stock Android, offering clean UI and fast updates.
Both companies benefit from Android's flexibility, but Samsung emphasizes customization while
Google emphasizes simplicity.
Future of Android OS
The future of Android will include:
- Greater AI integration through Google Assistant and machine learning.
- Better privacy features and security measures.
- Enhanced support for foldable and dual-screen devices.
- Expansion into IoT, automotive, and wearable technology.
- Sustainability initiatives for eco-friendly devices.
Conclusion
Android has transformed the mobile industry by offering an open-source, versatile, and user-friendly
operating system. It continues to dominate the global market due to its adaptability, wide developer
support, and innovation.
References
1. Google Android Developers: https://developer.android.com
2. Statista: Global Mobile OS Market Share 2023
3. TechRadar: History of Android Versions
4. Android Authority: Features and Future of Android
