MBA 1st Year - Unit II: Windows and User Interface
(Lab Work)
1. Introduction to Windows Operating System
Windows is a Graphical User Interface (GUI) based operating system developed by Microsoft. It
allows users to interact with the computer using icons, windows, and menus instead of text-based
commands. Windows manages hardware and software resources and provides a user-friendly
environment for multitasking.
Characteristics:
- GUI-based (Graphical User Interface)
- Multitasking and multi-user support
- Plug and play device management
- File and folder organization
- Networking and internet connectivity
- Support for multimedia
- Security and user account control
2. Elements of GUI
- Desktop: The main screen area that appears after the system starts.
- Icons: Small pictures representing programs, files, or folders.
- Taskbar: Shows open programs and system notifications.
- Start Menu: Provides access to applications and system settings.
- Windows: Rectangular areas on the screen where applications open.
- Status Bar: Displays information about the active window.
3. Basic Operations
Using the Mouse:
- Left Click: Selects an item.
- Double Click: Opens an item.
- Right Click: Opens a shortcut menu.
- Drag and Drop: Moves or copies items.
Using My Computer / This PC:
Used to explore drives, folders, and files stored on the system.
The Recycle Bin:
Stores deleted files temporarily. You can restore or permanently delete them.
Start Menu and Menu Selection:
Contains shortcuts to applications, settings, and power options.
Menus provide a list of options and commands.
4. File and Folder Management
Windows Explorer: Used for managing files and folders.
Viewing Files: Different view options like details, icons, or list.
Creating Files and Folders: Right-click → New → Folder/File.
Renaming: Right-click → Rename.
Deleting: Right-click → Delete (moves to Recycle Bin).
Restoring: From Recycle Bin if deleted accidentally.
5. Applications and Control Panel
Running an Application: Double-click on an application icon or select from the Start Menu.
Opening and Closing Windows: Use minimize, maximize, and close buttons on the title bar.
Control Panel:
Used to configure system settings such as hardware, software, and user accounts.
Important options:
- Display and Screen Saver
- Sound Settings
- Date and Time
- Internet Options
- User Accounts
6. Personalization and Settings
Wallpaper: Customize desktop background image.
Screen Saver: Animation displayed after inactivity.
Sound: Manage system sounds and notifications.
Date and Time: Set from Control Panel or Taskbar.
Themes: Combine wallpaper, sounds, and colors for a consistent look.
7. Advanced Features
- Creating Shortcuts: Right-click → Create Shortcut for quick access.
- Using Help: Press F1 or search 'Help' in Start Menu.
- Right-Click Options: Offers context menus for customization.
- Notepad: Basic text editor for simple writing tasks.
- Accessories: Includes Paint, Calculator, WordPad, Snipping Tool, etc.
- File Compression: Zip or unzip files to save space.
- Task Manager: Monitor system performance and processes.
Windows Tips:
- Use shortcuts (Ctrl+C, Ctrl+V, Alt+Tab).
- Keep desktop clean for better performance.
- Regularly update Windows and security software.
