A

Project report on

An Intelligent Smart Dustbin System Using

Propositional Logic and IoT

Submitted in partial fulfilment of the award of the

Bachelor of Technology
in
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
By
G. Taraka Shiva Ganesh

AUU23EGCSE045

Under the esteemed guidance of

Mrs.Rekha Sinha
Assistant Professor
Department of Mathematics

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING

AURORA HIGHER EDUCATION AND RESEARCH ACADEMY

(Deemed to be University)
Parvathapur, Uppal, Hyderabad500 098

(202324)

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 DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the comprehensive project work described in this report, entitled An

Intelligent Smart Dustbin System Using Propositional Logic and IoT which is being

submitted by me in partial fulfilment for the award of Bachelor of Technology in the

Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering to the Aurora's Higher Education and

Research Academy, Deemed to be University, Uppal, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India

is the result of investigations carried out by me under the esteemed guidance of

Mrs Rekha Sinha, Assistant Professor, Department of Mathematics,

The course project work is original and has not been submitted for any

Degree/Diploma of this or any other university.

Place: Hyderabad
Date: 24/11/2024

Signature of the Student

G. Taraka Shiva Ganesh

AUU23EGCSE045

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 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the comprehensive project report entitled An Intelligent Smart Dustbin

System Using Propositional Logic and IoT, submitted by Mr. G. Taraka Shiva Ganesh bearing

Registration Number AUU23EGCSE045, for the fulfilment of the successful completion of

Discrete Mathematics Course in Second Year First Term of B.Tech Computer Science Programme

at Aurora's Higher Education and Research Academy, is an authentic compilation of her/his efforts,

completed under our guidance. We also commend their dedication and effort.

Date: 25/11/2024

Hyderabad

Internal Examiner Head of the Department External Examiner

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The satisfaction that accompanies the success of any task would be incomplete
without mention of the people who made it possible and whose constant encouragement
has been a source of inspiration through the course of the task. I take this opportunity
to express my gratitude to all those who helped me in doing my course project work.
I would first thank The Almighty for the blessings and stimulating to move through
the right path that suits my passion.
I would like to express my sincere thanks to Mrs Rekha Sinha, Assistant
Professor, Department of Mathematics, who encouraged, provided me a tremendous
mentoring and continuous support towards my course project work through his
motivation and immense knowledge.
I would like to sincerely and whole heartedly thank the Head of the Department Dr.
K. Chandrashekar for providing invaluable insights and suggestions throughout the
course project.
I would like to gratify my heartfelt thanks to the Management, the Registrar Dr.
Srilatha Chepure, Director of Evaluation Mr. K. Chandrasekhar, DeanAcademics Dr.
Krishna Kumari, DeanSchool of Engineering Dr. Ravi Kumar Sangewar for their valuable
suggestions, ideas and extended support which were helpful for the successful
completion of my course project work.
Further, I would like to express my gratitude towards the faculty members of CSE,
who have pooled their valuable time in guiding me to complete my course project. I am
thankful to the staff of University Library who provided me the necessary material and
references for my course project.
I am grateful to my parents for their encouragement and neverending kindness. I
owe special thanks to all my family members and friends for their support during various
stages of the course project work.

Signature of the Student

G. Taraka Shiva Ganesh

AUU23EGCSE045

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 ABSTRACT

This project presents a Smart Dustbin System that leverages IoT and propositional logic to automate
waste disposal while ensuring hygiene and efficiency. The system integrates Boolean algebra to model
its behavior, using an ultrasonic sensor and manual override button as inputs, and a servo motor to
control the dustbin lid. Logical expressions like R=P ∨ Q (where P represents motion detection, and
Q represents manual input) govern the lid’s operation. The solution ensures seamless realtime
decisionmaking, minimal human intervention, and enhanced contactless waste management, making
it adaptable to various environments.

Keywords: Smart Dustbin, IoT, Propositional Logic, Boolean Algebra, Automation, Hygiene, Arduino
Uno, Ultrasonic Sensor, Servo Motor, Waste Management.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

S. No. Contents Page No.

1. Declaration 1

2. Certificate 2

3. Acknowledgement 3

4. Abstract 4

5. Table of Contents 5

10. Chapter – 1 6
Introduction
11. Chapter – 2 7-11
Literature Survey
12. Chapter – 3 12-16
Project Design
13. Chapter – 4 17-23
Project Implementation
14. Chapter – 5 24-26
Project Demonstration and Experimental Results
15. Chapter – 6 28
Conclusion
16. Chapter – 7 29
Future Scope
17. Chapter – 8 30
References

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 Introduction:
The Smart Dustbin System uses propositional logic and Boolean algebra to automate and control the
opening and closing of the lid based on motion detection and manual input. Using logical expressions, the
system defines inputs as motion detected (S) and manual button pressed (M), with the output (O) representing
the lid's state. The logic follows the formula O=S ∨ M, where the lid opens if either motion is detected or the
manual button is pressed. This results in a truth table that ensures the lid opens when either S or M is true,
offering both handsfree and usercontrolled operation. By applying propositional logic, the system ensures
seamless, realtime decisionmaking, optimizing waste disposal in various environments while promoting
hygiene and convenience.

Background Information:
Propositional Logic, also called Boolean Logic, is a way of reasoning using simple statements that are
either true or false. These statements are combined using logical operators to form more complex statements.

Types of Propositions
In propositional logic, propositions are statements that can be evaluated as true or false. They are the building
blocks of more complex logical statements. Here’s a breakdown of the two main types of propositions:
• Atomic Propositions
• Compound Propositions

Propositional Logic
Propositional logic is a branch of mathematics that studies the logical relationships between propositions (or
statements, sentences, assertions) taken as a whole, and connected via logical connectives.

For Example,
1. The sun rises in the East and sets in the West.
2. 1 + 1 = 2
3. ‘b’ is a vowel.
Above 3 sentences are propositions, where the first two are Valid(True) and the third one is Invalid(False).

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 Literature Survey

Study 1: Logic Design Using Truth Tables

Title and Authors: Details unavailable (referenced from ScienceGate).
• Objective: The study aimed to demonstrate how truth tables can be systematically used to design digital
logic circuits, ensuring accurate logical behavior and efficient implementation.
• Methodology: The researchers utilized truth tables to derive Boolean expressions for digital circuits.
They applied Karnaugh maps for simplifying these expressions to reduce the number of gates required
in a circuit.
• Results and Findings: The study found that using truth tables and Boolean simplification methods
significantly reduced the complexity and cost of implementing digital circuits, especially for
combinational logic designs.

Study 2: Boolean Algebra and Digital Circuit Design

Title and Authors: Details unavailable (referenced from Asian Journal of Research in Computer Science).
• Objective: This study focused on simplifying Boolean expressions derived from truth tables and
implementing efficient circuits using the principles of Boolean algebra.
• Methodology: The study employed standard Boolean algebra techniques, focusing on realworld
examples such as adders and multiplexers. The simplifications aimed to minimize the number of gates
and wiring in circuits.
• Results and Findings: The findings showed that optimizing logic expressions reduced circuit complexity
by up to 30%, resulting in more costeffective and highperformance systems.

Study 3: Lecture Notes on Propositional Logic and Circuit Equivalence

Title and Authors: From Washington University (lecturer notes).
• Objective: To explore the role of logical equivalence in propositional logic for reducing redundancy in
circuit designs.
• Methodology: The study examined equivalence between propositions and implemented these using
NAND and NOR gates, showcasing their universality in circuit design.
• Results and Findings: The results highlighted that logical equivalence can simplify circuits significantly,
reducing gate usage without affecting functionality.

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 Study 4: Using Truth Tables for Optimizing Logic Designs
Title and Authors: From ANU Open Research Repository.
• Objective: To optimize digital circuits using truth tables and advanced Boolean simplification
techniques.
• Methodology: The researchers used QuineMcCluskey algorithms and evaluated tradeoffs between gate
count and propagation delay.
• Results and Findings: The study demonstrated that advanced simplification techniques could reduce
gate counts by up to 40% while maintaining acceptable delays, improving overall circuit efficiency.

Study 5: Applications of Propositional Logic in Digital Circuit Design

Title and Authors: Referenced from IEEE Digital Library.
• Objective: To apply propositional logic principles to digital system design, including error detection and
correction in complex circuits.
• Methodology: Logical inference and truth tables were used to identify and correct design flaws.
Applications included processors and memory units.
• Results and Findings: The study successfully implemented debugging tools, improving the reliability
and efficiency of complex digital systems.

Comparative Analysis:
Asp Smart Dustbin Study 1: Study 2: Study 3: Study 4: Study 5:
ect System Logic Design Boolean Lecture Notes Using Applications
Using Truth Algebra and on Truth of
Tables Digital Propositional Tables for Propositional
Circuit Logic and Optimizing Logic in
Design Circuit Logic Digital
Equivalence Designs Circuit
Design
Optimize Apply
Automate waste Design Simplify Explore logical circuits propositional
management efficient Boolean equivalence for using logic to
Obj using motion digital expressions reducing advanced debugging and
ecti detection and circuits using for efficient redundancy in Boolean error
ve manual input. truth tables. circuits. circuits. simplificatio correction.

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 ns.
Truth table Boolean
Propositional creation, algebra Truth tables,
logic (O = S ∨ Boolean techniques, Logical QuineMcCl Logical
Met M), truth simplificatio truth tables equivalence uskey inference, truth
hod tablebased n using for analysis using algorithm, tables for
olo design, realtime Karnaugh adders/multi NAND/NOR tradeoff identifying
gy control. maps. plexers. gates. evaluation. design flaws.
Seamless Reduced
Res handsfree and Reduced gate Optimized gate count
ults manual complexity circuit Achieved by up to Improved
and operation, and improved complexity, reduced gate 40%, reliability in
Fin promotes circuit reduced gate usage without balanced processor/mem
din hygiene and costeffective count by loss of speed vs ory unit
gs convenience. ness. 30%. functionality. cost. designs.
Combines
motion sensors Introduced Propositional
and manual Focused on Integration Emphasized advanced logic for
Inn override using foundational of realworld universality of simplificatio debugging
ovat propositional design of examples NAND/NOR n complex
ion logic. logic gates. like adders. gates. algorithms. systems.
App
licat Waste Faulttolerant
ion management in Combination Arithmetic Highefficien design in
Do public spaces, al circuit circuit Theoretical cy circuit advanced
mai offices, and design and design and circuit design implementat digital
n homes. education. optimization. principles. ion. systems.

Conclusion of Literature survey:

The Smart Dustbin System project demonstrates the practical application of propositional logic in
automating waste management. By combining motion detection and manual input to control the dustbin lid,
the system effectively addresses hygiene and convenience challenges in various environments. This
approach highlights how truth tables and logical expressions can be utilized for realtime decisionmaking.
Comparing this system with existing research, we observe that:

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 1. Study 1 and Study 2 focus on foundational aspects of logic design using truth tables and Boolean
simplification techniques, providing the basis for circuit optimization.
2. Study 3 delves into the theoretical equivalence of logical operations, which informs the efficient
hardware design seen in systems like the Smart Dustbin.
3. Study 4 showcases advanced optimization techniques, such as the QuineMcCluskey algorithm, for
reducing circuit complexity—paralleling the simplicity achieved in the Smart Dustbin's Boolean
logic implementation.
4. Study 5 demonstrates the use of propositional logic for error detection and debugging in complex
systems, which complements the faultfree functionality of the Smart Dustbin.
The Smart Dustbin System integrates the principles discussed in these studies into a tangible application,
showcasing how theoretical concepts in propositional logic and Boolean algebra can be used to solve
practical problems. Its innovative use of sensors and manual overrides makes it a userfriendly and efficient
solution, expanding the scope of logical design into realworld applications.

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 Project Design
Objectives
• Use propositional logic to define system states and behaviors.
• Design truth tables for automated lid control based on motion detection and manual inputs.
• Integrate hardware (Arduino Uno, ultrasonic sensor, servo motor) and logical decisionmaking.
• Program logical conditions in code using Boolean expressions.
• Ensure adaptability to various scenarios for hygienic, efficient waste disposal.

Experimental Design:

Step 1: Define Propositions

• P: Object detected near the dustbin.

• Q: Manual override button is pressed.

• R: Dustbin lid is open.

• ¬R: Dustbin lid is closed.

Logical rules:

1. R=P ∨ Q: The lid opens if motion is detected or the manual button is pressed.

2. ¬R= ¬P ∧ ¬Q The lid remains closed if neither condition is met.

Step 2: Truth Table

P Q R (Lid Open) ¬R (Lid Closed)

0 0 0 1

0 1 1 0

1 0 1 0

1 1 1 0

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Step 3: Mathematical Modeling

• Logical operations: R=P∨Q, ¬R = ¬P ∧ ¬Q.

• Boolean algebra ensures simplicity in decisionmaking.

• Use P,Q as sensor and button inputs, respectively.

Step 4: Hardware Integration

• Components:

o Arduino Uno (decisionmaking unit).

o HCSR04 Ultrasonic Sensor (detects motion, P).

o SG90 Servo Motor (controls lid movement).

o Manual override button (implements Q).

• Connections:

o Ultrasonic sensor to Arduino Pins 5 and 6 (Trig, Echo).

o Manual button to Digital Pin 7.

o Servo motor to Digital Pin 9.

Step 5: Coding in Arduino IDE

• Setup:

o Initialize sensor, button, and servo motor.

o Define logic using if conditions based on P, Q.

• Loop:

o Continuously check sensor and button inputs.

o Apply logic R=P ∨ Q.

o Open or close the lid based on output.

Step 6: Testing

• Test sensor detection with objects at varying distances.

• Verify manual override button functionality.

• Crosscheck outcomes with the truth table.

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Components Required:

S.no Name of Image of the components Specification Functionality

component
1 Ultrasonic Use an ultrasonic The ultrasonic
Sensor sensor (e.g., sensor detects the
HCSR04) with a presence of objects
range of 2cm to or waste in the
400cm and dustbin by emitting
operating voltage of sound waves and
5V. measuring the time
it takes for the
sound to return. It
triggers actions
based on the
distance
measurement.
2 Servo Motor A standard 5V servo The servo motor
motor with a torque controls the
of around 1.5 kgcm. opening and
closing of the
dustbin lid based
on the proximity
detected by the
sensor.
3 Microcontroller Arduino Uno or The
(e.g., Arduino) similar, with a microcontroller
working voltage of processes inputs
5V. from the ultrasonic
sensor and controls
the servo motor to
operate the dustbin
lid.
4 Power Supply A 5V battery pack Provides power to
(Battery) (e.g., Liion or the ultrasonic
rechargeable sensor,
battery) that microcontroller,
supports sufficient and servo motor,
capacity for enabling the smart
continuous dustbin to operate
operation. independently.

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 5 Jumper Wires Maletomale and Used to connect
maletofemale various
jumper wires for components
connections. (sensor, motor,
microcontroller) to
each other for the
system to function
properly.

6 Resistors Typically, 220 ohms Used in certain

(Optional) or 1k ohms for cases for limiting
protecting circuits. current or ensuring
proper voltage
levels across
specific
components.
7 Button Material: Acts as a switch to
Plastic/Metal open/close a
Shape: circuit.
Round/Rectangular
Voltage: 5–20V
Current: 0.5–10A

Flow Chart:

Start

Initialize Components
- Set up Servo Motor, Ultrasonic Sensor,
and Button

Trigger Ultrasonic Sensor - Emit ultrasonic

pulses - Calculate distance:
d = (t/2) / 29.1, where t = pulse duration

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 Read Button State
- Check the button:
b = 1 if pressed, b = 0 otherwise

Evaluate Logic
Condition: (d < 50) OR (b = 1)?
d < 50: Object detected within 50 cm
b = 1: Manual button press

Yes No

Attach Servo Motor Wait 10 ms

Open Lid: Set θ = 150° Wait 10 ms
Wait 3 seconds and Button State Recheck Sensor
Close Lid: Set θ = 0° and Button State
Detach Servo Motor

Repeat Process
- Continuously monitor distance and button state until system is off.

Expected Outcomes

• A dustbin that operates automatically based on sensor detection (P).

• Manual button functionality (Q) as an override for user control.

• Reliable lid operation modeled using propositional logic.

• Simplified maintenance with minimal manual interaction.

• Enhanced hygiene through contactless waste management.

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 Project Implementation

Implementation Steps:

Step 1: Define Propositions

• P: Object detected near the dustbin.

• Q: Manual override button is pressed.

• R: Dustbin lid is open.

• ¬R: Dustbin lid is closed.

Logical rules:

3. R=P ∨ Q: The lid opens if motion is detected or the manual button is pressed.

4. ¬R= ¬P ∧ ¬Q The lid remains closed if neither condition is met.

Step 2: Truth Table

P Q R (Lid Open) ¬R (Lid Closed)

0 0 0 1

0 1 1 0

1 0 1 0

1 1 1 0

Explanation:

1. Row 1 (P=0, Q=0):

o Neither condition PPP (object detection) nor Q (button press) is satisfied.

o The lid remains closed (R=0, ¬R=1).

2. Row 2 (P=0, Q=1):

o The object is not detected, but the button is pressed.

o The lid opens (R=1, ¬R=0).

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 3. Row 3 (P=1, Q=0):

o An object is detected, but the button is not pressed.

o The lid opens (R=1, ¬R=0).

4. Row 4 (P=1, Q=1):

o Both conditions are satisfied: the object is detected, and the button is pressed.

o The lid opens (R=1, ¬R=0).

Logical Interpretation:

The lid opens (R=1) if either:

1. Condition P is true (object detected), OR

2. Condition Q is true (button pressed).

This is represented logically as: R= P ∨ Q

And the lid is closed (¬R=1) when neither condition is satisfied: ¬R=¬(P∨Q)

Step 1: Mathematical Modeling

• Logical operations: R=P∨Q, ¬R = ¬P ∧ ¬Q.

• Boolean algebra ensures simplicity in decisionmaking.

• Use P,Q as sensor and button inputs, respectively.

Step 2: Components and Tools Required

1. Hardware Components

o Arduino Uno board

o HCSR04 Ultrasonic Sensor

o Servo Motor (SG90 or equivalent)

o Push Button

o Jumper wires
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 o Breadboard(optional)

o Power source (USB cable or external battery)

o Dustbin structure

2. Software Tools

o Arduino IDE for coding

o Tinkercad or Fritzing for virtual simulation (optional)

Step 3: Circuit Connections

Use the provided circuit diagram as a reference and connect the components as follows:

Ultrasonic Sensor (HCSR04):

• VCC: Connect to 5V pin on Arduino.

• GND: Connect to GND pin on Arduino.

• Trigger Pin: Connect to Digital Pin 10.

• Echo Pin: Connect to Digital Pin 11.

Servo Motor:

• Signal Wire: Connect to Digital Pin 9.

• VCC: Connect to 5V pin on Arduino.

• GND: Connect to GND pin on Arduino.

Push Button:

• One terminal connects to Digital Pin 7 on Arduino.

• The other terminal connects to GND.

• Use the internal pullup resistor in the code.

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Step 4: Code Implementation

Copy and paste the provided code into the Arduino IDE, ensuring all libraries are installed.

1. Explanation of the Code:

o Ultrasonic Sensor Functionality:

▪ Measures the distance between the sensor and any object.

▪ If the object is less than 30 cm away, it triggers the servo to open the lid.

o Servo Motor:

▪ Opens the lid to 180° when waste is detected or when the button is pressed.

▪ Closes the lid to 0° after a delay.

o Push Button Logic:

▪ Provides a manual override to open and close the lid.

o Delays:

▪ Ensures stable operation by adding small pauses between actions.

2. Upload the Code:

o Connect the Arduino board to your computer via USB.

o Select the correct board and port in the Arduino IDE.

o Upload the code to the Arduino.

Step 5: Testing the Circuit

1. Connect the Circuit:

o Assemble the circuit on a breadboard or directly on the dustbin structure.

o Ensure the wiring matches the schematic.

2. Run the System:

o Place an object within 30 cm of the ultrasonic sensor and observe the servo motor.

o Press the button to manually control the lid.

o Check for stable operation of the servo and accurate detection by the ultrasonic sensor.
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Step 6: Final Assembly

1. Mount the Components:

o Attach the ultrasonic sensor to the top of the dustbin.

o Fix the servo motor to the lid for smooth opening and closing.

o Secure all wiring inside the dustbin to prevent tangling or damage.

2. Power the System:

o Use a USB cable connected to a power bank or a 9V battery to power the Arduino.

3. Optimize the Setup:

o Adjust the ultrasonic sensor placement for better detection.

o Ensure the servo motor operates smoothly without obstruction.

Propositional Rules to be followed:

• Rule 1: If an object is within 30 cm (ultrasonic sensor detects proximity), then the lid opens

automatically.

o IF (Distance < 30 cm) THEN (Servo = 180°)

• Rule 2: If the button is pressed, the lid opens regardless of proximity.

o IF (Button Pressed) THEN (Servo = 180°)

• Rule 3: If no object is detected and the button is not pressed, the lid remains closed.

o IF (Distance >= 30 cm AND Button NOT Pressed) THEN (Servo = 0°)

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Code for Arduino:

include <Servo.h>

Servo servoMain; // Define our Servo

int trigpin = 10; // Ultrasonic sensor Trigger pin

int echopin = 11; // Ultrasonic sensor Echo pin
int buttonPin = 7; // Button pin

int distance; // To store the distance

float duration; // To store the duration of the pulse
float cm; // To convert the duration to cm

void setup()
{
servoMain.attach(9); // Servo on digital pin 9
pinMode(trigpin, OUTPUT); // Set Trigger pin as OUTPUT
pinMode(echopin, INPUT); // Set Echo pin as INPUT
pinMode(buttonPin, INPUT_PULLUP); // Button pin with internal pullup resistor
}

void loop()
{
// Measure distance using ultrasonic sensor
digitalWrite(trigpin, LOW);
delay(2);
digitalWrite(trigpin, HIGH);
delayMicroseconds(10);
digitalWrite(trigpin, LOW);

duration = pulseIn(echopin, HIGH);

cm = duration / 58.82; // Convert pulse duration to cm
distance = cm; // Store the distance

// If distance is less than 30 cm, open the lid

if (distance < 30) {
servoMain.write(180); // Open the lid (servo to 180 degrees)
delay(3000); // Wait for 3 seconds
} else {
servoMain.write(0); // Close the lid (servo to 0 degrees)
delay(50); // Short delay for stability
}

// Button press functionality

if (digitalRead(buttonPin) == LOW) { // Button pressed (LOW due to internal pull up)
servoMain.write(180); // Open the lid
delay(3000); // Wait for 3 seconds
servoMain.write(0); // Close the lid
delay(1000); // Wait for 1 second before checking again
}
}

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Circuit Designed in the tinkecad:

Schematic View:

23 | P a g e
 Project Demonstration and Experimental Results

Servo
motor is
not rotated

Fig 1: When the object placed outside of the range of 30 cm

• P: Object detected near the dustbin.

• Q: Manual override button is pressed.

• R: Dustbin lid is open.

• ¬R: Dustbin lid is closed.

P Q R (Lid Open) ¬R (Lid Closed)

0 0 0 1

24 | P a g e
 Servo
motor has
been
rotated to
180
degrees

Fig 2: When the object placed in the of range of 30 cm

P Q R (Lid Open) ¬R (Lid Closed)

0 0 0 1

1 0 1 0

Servo
motor is
not rotated

Fig 3: When the object placed outside of the range of 30 cm and no button is pressed

P Q R (Lid Open) ¬R (Lid Closed)

0 0 0 1

1 0 1 0

0 0 0 0

25 | P a g e
 Servo
motor
has
been
rotated
to
180
degrees

Fig 4: When the object placed outside of the range of 30 cm but the manual button is pressed

P Q R (Lid Open) ¬R (Lid Closed)

0 0 0 1

0 1 1 0

1 0 1 0

0 1 1 0

Fig 5: When the object placed inside of the range of 30 cm but the manual button is pressed
P Q R (Lid Open) ¬R (Lid Closed)

0 0 0 1

0 1 1 0

1 0 1 0

0 1 1 0

1 1 1 0

26 | P a g e
 Applications of the Smart Dustbin System
1. Homes:
The smart dustbin can be used in kitchens, bathrooms, and living rooms to ensure hygiene and
convenience.
It eliminates the need to touch the lid, reducing the spread of germs, especially during food
preparation or while handling waste.
2. Offices:
Helps maintain a clean environment in workspaces, conference rooms, and cafeterias.
Employees can dispose of waste easily without touching the bin, promoting hygiene and reducing
odors in shared spaces.
3. Hospitals and Clinics:
Essential for handling medical waste like used gloves, masks, and syringes.
Prevents direct contact with biohazardous materials, reducing the risk of infections for healthcare
workers and patients.
Can be placed in isolation wards and surgical rooms for better waste management.
4. Public Spaces:
Useful in parks, bus stops, railway stations, and airports where large numbers of people dispose of
waste daily.
The handsfree feature minimizes contact and promotes better hygiene in crowded areas.
Can include sensors to indicate when the bin is full, aiding in efficient waste collection.
5. Schools and Universities:
Encourages students to dispose of waste responsibly and helps maintain cleanliness in classrooms,
cafeterias, and restrooms.
Demonstrates the use of technology for practical purposes, promoting awareness about automation
and hygiene.
6. Restaurants and Cafes:
Ideal for managing food waste in kitchens and dining areas without requiring staff or customers to
touch the dustbin.
Maintains a cleaner environment and reduces the spread of germs in foodhandling spaces.
7. Industrial Settings:
Useful in factories, warehouses, and manufacturing units for disposing of industrial waste like
packaging materials, scraps, and other nonhazardous items.
Reduces human contact with waste in highrisk environments, improving worker safety and hygiene.

27 | P a g e
 Conclusion

The Smart Dustbin System was successfully designed and implemented using propositional logic and
automation techniques. By integrating an Arduino UNO, ultrasonic sensor, a servo motor, and a manual
button, the system effectively automates the opening and closing of the lid, ensuring hygienic and efficient
waste disposal.
The system works based on simple logical rules:
• The lid opens automatically when an object is detected within 30 cm.
• The lid also opens if the manual button is pressed.
• The lid remains closed when neither condition is true.
This project demonstrates the practical use of Boolean algebra and automation to simplify daily tasks. The
system promotes cleanliness and convenience, making it suitable for homes, offices, and public spaces.
Through proper testing and assembly, the Smart Dustbin System proved to be a reliable, userfriendly, and
effective solution for waste management.

28 | P a g e
 Scope for Future Works
1. Human Detection Using Machine Learning (ML):
• Implement computer vision techniques to detect human presence near the dustbin using a camera and ML
models. This could help the system determine when to open the lid automatically, improving user
interaction without the need for manual intervention or ultrasonic sensors. Models like TensorFlow or
OpenCV can be used for object and human detection.

2. Smart Waste Sorting:

• Incorporate AIdriven waste sorting capabilities. The system could use cameras or sensors to identify
different types of waste (e.g., plastic, paper, organic) and sort them into appropriate bins. This could
involve machine learning algorithms that classify objects based on images.

3. Integration with IoT and Smart City Networks:

• IoT integration could be explored, where the dustbin is connected to a smart city network, allowing for
realtime monitoring and remote control via a mobile app. This would enable tracking of fill levels and
optimize waste collection routes for sanitation departments.

4. Energy Efficiency and Solar Power Integration:

• Incorporate solar panels to power the system, making it more ecofriendly and autonomous. This would
be particularly useful for outdoor smart bins, where solar power could ensure continuous operation
without relying on mains power.

5. Automatic Compaction of Waste:

• Integrate a compaction mechanism to compress waste, maximizing the dustbin's capacity and reducing
the frequency of waste collection. This would be particularly useful for hightraffic areas.

6. Advanced Sensors (e.g., Air Quality):

• Add sensors to detect air quality around the dustbin. The system could alert users if the air is polluted or
if the bin is emitting unpleasant odors, prompting more frequent cleaning or maintenance.

7. Waste Level Monitoring and Notification:

• Smart sensors could detect when the waste level is too high, sending notifications to waste management
teams for timely emptying. This would help in maintaining cleanliness and avoiding overflow in public
spaces.

These features could turn the basic smart dustbin into a fully integrated, ecofriendly waste management
system. The combination of advanced machine learning, IoT, and automation can improve user convenience
and environmental sustainability in waste disposal processes.

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 References

DIY Smart Dustbin With Arduino : 6 Steps (with Pictures) - Instructables

Smart Dustbin using Arduino

https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9418359/

https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9452988/

https://www.academia.edu/download/63282492/smart-waste-management-system-using-
iot-IJERTV9IS04049020200512-45799-1qt3bjk.pdf

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