GRADE

11
DISASTER READINESS AND RISK REDUCTION

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS: Read and follow the instructions carefully. Choose the
letter of the best answer. Write your answer on the answer sheet provided.

1. What is the main reason why there has been an overall increase in the
number of deaths related to natural hazards?
A. Less people lived in less vulnerable areas
B. Events are better documented today than in the past
C. The magnitudes of natural hazard events are increasing
D. Human population are increasing in areas that are vulnerable

2. The Philippines is highly vulnerable to typhoons due to its geographical

location along the typhoon belt in the western Pacific Ocean. Which of
the following will make the Philippines less vulnerable to typhoons?
A. Control the population.
B. Provision of adequate evacuation center.
C. Sufficient budget to augment the losses in livelihood.
D. Acquisition of technology that can predict super typhoons.
3. The law that emphasizes the need for a paradigm shift from disaster
relief and response to disaster risk reduction and management.
A. PD 1566 C. RA 10121
B. RA 7160 D. RA 10521

4. Which is a powerful tool that is systematic, future-oriented, decision-

oriented and proactive measure with the purpose of mitigating risks
and vulnerability from geological hazards?
A. Land-use planning and zoning C. Warning systems
B. Engineering approaches D. Risk transfer

5. The ‘new normal’ that we are experiencing today changes how people
act and relate to other people and how social gatherings are done.
Which perspective of disaster is presented?
A. Biological C. Sociocultural
B. Psychological D. Political

6. A 7.0 magnitude earthquake struck the mountainous province of Abra

at 8:30 AM local time in the 27th of July, triggering landslides and
collapse of structures. Which parameter of an earthquake is presented?
A. Earthquake size and duration
B. Earthquake date and time
C. Earthquake magnitude and duration
D. Earthquake size and site response

Regional Achievement Test – DRRR

7. Super Typhoon Yolanda with a wind speed of 315 kph had a massive
storm surge that destroyed 90% of Tacloban City. Which of the following
factors influenced the impact of the hazard?
A. Natural factors and magnitude C. Magnitude and preparation
B. Magnitude and frequency D. Natural factors and frequency

8. What is the main objective of RA10121?

A. To establish a national disaster response team.
B. To provide financial assistance to disaster-affected individuals and
communities.
C. To order the creation of disaster risk reduction and management
plans at the local level.
D. To establish a comprehensive national framework for disaster risk
reduction and management.

9. What is the main factor that determines the direction of the movement
of a tropical cyclone?
A. Atmospheric pressure C. Jet Stream
B. Coriolis effect D. Shear Winds

10. What is the importance of addressing vulnerability in disaster risk

reduction and management?
A. It reduces the probability of a disaster occurring in a particular area.
B. It improves the resilience of communities and individuals to
disasters.
C. It reduces the likelihood of a community or individuals being affected
by a disaster.
D. It reduces the severity of the disaster that may occur in a particular
area.

11. SK Chairperson Amara invited Office of the Civil Defense Eric Torres
and his team to conduct a seminar-workshop on Building Earthquake
Emergency Plans in their barangay. Is this initiative anchored on
section 14 of RA 10121.
A. Yes, because Sec. 14 mandates the training of all public sector
employees.
B. No, because Sec.14 is about the inclusion of disaster risk
reduction in school curricula.
C. Yes, because Sec.14 states that the SK council should encourage
community participation in DRRM activities.
D. No, because Section 14 does not mention seminars, workshops, and
training.

Regional Achievement Test – DRRR

12. What is true about pyroclastic density currents (PDCs)? PDC’s…
A. are mixtures of fragmented volcanic particles (pyroclastic), hot gases,
and ash.
B. are mixtures of volcanic materials and volcanic gases that rush down
the volcanic slope.
C. are pyroclastic flows to pyroclastic surges that rush down the
volcanic slope at a very rapid velocity.
D. range from pyroclastic flows to pyroclastic surges that rush down
the volcanic slope at slow to fast speed.

13. What phenomenon occurs when soil is transformed from a solid state
to a liquid-like state which reduces the ability to support structures and
bear loads, thus, ruining large areas like cities where roads, bridges,
and pipelines pass through.
A. Ground shaking C. Liquefaction
B. Ground rupture D. Landslides
14. An earthquake fault is a fracture or a break in the Earth's crust along
which the movement and release of accumulated energy occur during
an earthquake. It is a zone of weakness where rocks on either side of
the fault moved relative to each other due to tectonic forces.
Which of the following best pertains to an earthquake fault that has
reached the surface but hasn't caused any ground fissures or openings?
A. Ground shaking C. Liquefaction
B. Ground rupture D. Landslides

15. The lead agency in the preparation of reports that synthesize the overall
impact of disasters including that on the macroeconomy, poverty, income and
employment.
A. DOST C. NEDA
B. DILG D. PSA
16. Volcanic gas is released into the atmosphere during volcanic eruptions.
These gases can have significant effects on the environment and can
pose risks to human health. Which of the following volcanic gases
emitted in the atmosphere is the most prevalent?
A. Water vapor C. Sulfur dioxide
B. Carbon dioxide D. Hydrochloride

17. Which of the following statements about natural hazard is NOT true?
A. Some hazards can be predicted, but usually cannot be stopped.
B. Hazards are natural processes that harm people on a regular basis.
C. Hazards become a disaster when it harms people and damages
properties.
D. Hazards are natural processes that can be dangerous but have not
yet caused damaged.

Regional Achievement Test – DRRR

18. What is the best way to lessen the impact of typhoon in an area?
A. Relocate susceptible people at the high-risk areas.
B. Provide relief goods a head of time to areas that will be affected.
C. Regularly monitor the most vulnerable groups and update them
about the situation.
D. Strengthen the monitoring of flood prone areas and give advice
during the typhoon.

19. What else can be seen in a hazard map that also shows the distribution
of shaking levels that have a certain probability of occurring?
A. the location and intensity of earthquakes
B. the population density and vulnerability of an area
C. the distribution and availability of resources in an area
D. the evacuation routes and shelters in case of emergency

20. Which of the following statements best describes the difference between
hazard and disaster?

A. Hazard is a potential threat that may or may not cause harm while
a disaster is an actual event that results in a significant damage or loss.
B. Hazard is a general term that encompasses both natural and
human-made threats while a disaster is a specific term that refers to
only natural calamities.
C. Hazard is a source of danger that can be avoided or prevented while
a disaster is an inevitable consequence that can only be mitigated or
recovered from.
D. Hazard is a natural phenomenon that poses a risk to people or
property while a disaster is a human-made occurrence that disrupts
normal functioning of society.

21. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE about the effects of
disaster on mental health?

A. Disasters can cause post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in some

survivors.
B. Disasters can increase the risk of depression, anxiety, and
substance abuse in affected communities.
C. Disasters may have positive effects on mental health by enhancing
resilience and social support.
D. Disasters have no significant effect on mental health as people tend
to recover quickly.

Regional Achievement Test – DRRR

22. What would you do if you are planning to propose a disaster risk
reduction project to your community?

I. Conduct a needs assessment and stakeholder analysis in your

community.
II. Formulate a problem statement, goal statement, objectives
statement, and log frame matrix for your project.
III. Prepare a budget estimate, work plan, monitoring plan, and
evaluation plan for your project.
IV. Test your disaster risk reduction plan by exposing the community
to different hazards.

A. I only C. I, II, and III

B. I and II D. I and IV

23. Drought is a prolonged period of abnormally low precipitation of

moisture level in a specific region resulting in water shortage. Which of
the following effects of drought is the worst?
A. Famine C. Malnutrition
B. Agricultural losses D. Diseases
24. What agency in the Philippines is responsible in monitoring the volcanoes
and all volcanic-related activities in the country?
A. PAGASA C. DSWD
B. PHIVOLCS D. DENR
25. How would you know if the disaster risk reduction program you
implemented in your community that suffered from a severe drought
was effective?
A. Compare the program results with the baseline data and
target indicators
B. Compare the program outcomes with the alternative scenarios and best
practices
C. Compare the program inputs with the outputs and feedback from the
beneficiaries
D. Compare the program strengths with the weaknesses and
recommendations for improvement

26. How does the windward side differ from the leeward side of a high land?

A. The windward receives more precipitation than the leeward.

B. The leeward side has more vegetation than the windward side.
C. The windward side receives more heat than the leeward side.
D. The leeward side receives more precipitation than the windward side.

Regional Achievement Test – DRRR

27. What statement is true about typhoons?
A. Typhoons are formed when molten areas slow down the pressure waves
and attenuate or weaken southern waves.
B. Typhoons happen in the northwestern Pacific Ocean that are the most
severe on the tropical cyclone scale.
C. Typhoons develops from the cold and windy areas which creates a low
pressure which is the start of a possible storm that may come.
D. Typhoon develops from the combination of warm sea surface,
atmospheric turmoil, intense humidity and enough Coriolis force to
create a low pressure center, low vertical wind shear, and an already
existing low level focus or disturbance.

28. A tropical cyclone is a large, rotating storm system characterized by a low-

pressure center and strong wind. Tropical cyclones form over warm
ocean waters near the equator and are fueled by the release of latent
heat from the condensation of moisture in the air. Which of the
following pertains to the region of a tropical storm where the air
pressure is the lowest, it is in an area with light winds, pleasant
temperatures, and a clear sky.
A. Tail C. Eyewall
B. Rain bands D. Eye
29. A fire extinguisher is a portable device designed to control and extinguish
small fires. It is an essential firefighting tool that contains a pressurized
substance, typically water or a specialized fire suppressant agent,
which can be discharged onto a fire to suppress or extinguish it. What
portion of the fire extinguisher do you pull to enable free movement of
the lever?
A. Alarm C. Lever
B. Nozzle D. Pin
30. An earthquake preparedness drill is a simulated event designed to educate
and train individuals and communities on how to respond during an
earthquake. It is a proactive measure aimed at increasing
preparedness, raising awareness, and practicing the appropriate
actions to take when an earthquake occurs.
Which of the following stage of the earthquake drill requires
participants to do the duck, cover, and hold position?
A. Alarm phase
B. Response phase
C. Evacuation Phase
D. Assembly Phase

Regional Achievement Test – DRRR

31. Disaster preparedness is the proactive measure taken to minimize the
impact of potential disasters and ensure the safety and well-being of
individuals, communities, and infrastructure. It involves planning,
organizing, and implementing strategies and actions to effectively
respond to and recover from disasters. Which of the following is the best
way to get ready for a disaster?
A. Know what to do and who to trust.
B. Be vigilant and have a disaster plan.
C. Prepare for the worst-case scenario.
D. Trust the government’s disaster measures.

32. Vulnerability refers to the susceptibility of elements to the potential

adverse impact of a hazard. It represents the characteristics and
conditions that make elements more prone to harm or may be unable
to cope with the impact of a disaster. What group is the most vulnerable
in the community?
A. Children, elderly, and persons with disabilities
B. Women, men, and elderly
C. Store owners, factory workers, and businessmen
D. Food delivery riders, public utility vehicle drivers, and traffic officers.
33. Which of the following is NOT considered a physical hazard?
A. Potential fall and burns
B. Working in height.
C. Wearing the complete firefighting suit and gears.
D. Fire
34. School watching, and hazard mapping is the systematic monitoring and
assessment of schools to ensure safety and preparedness for potential
hazards. This involves regular inspection, evaluation, and observation
of school facilities, infrastructure, and practices to identify potential
risks and hazards that could pose threats to students, teachers, and
staff. Why are hazard mapping and school watching crucial?
A. It is one of the activities initiated by the SDRRM committee.
B. Students are taught to identify areas in the community and the school
that need repair, reconstruction, or demolition.
C. Results from the hazard mapping are used by planners in developing
programs and for funding for future use.
D. Through this, one side of the hazard-exposure-vulnerability risk
triangle may be displayed.
35. A pyroclastic flow is a mixture of hot gases, ash and volcanic debris that
cascades down the slope of a volcano during an explosive eruption. It is
extremely hot, reaching temperatures of several hundred degrees

Regional Achievement Test – DRRR

 Celsius, and they can travel at high speeds, often exceeding 100
kilometers per hour. Why is pyroclastic flow considered the most
harmful volcanic hazard?
A. Debris splatter in any direction as pyroclastic materials flow.
B. Pyroclastic flow moves slowly down the slope and may catch people
unaware.
C. Pyroclastic flow torches everything on its way.
D. The hot mixture of lava and other volcanic materials moves down the
slope at high speed during an eruption.
36. A sinkhole is a depression or hole that forms on the Earth's surface
when the underlying ground collapses or sinks. Sinkholes can occur
gradually over time or suddenly, and they vary in size and depth,
ranging from a few feet to hundreds of feet in diameter.
In which type of area will a sinkhole most likely to appear?

A. In muddy and moist areas.

B. In a mountain slope with loose topsoil.
C. In urban areas where there are tall buildings.
D. In areas where the types of rocks below are made up of gypsum and
limestone.

37. Fires generally progress through four stages known as the fire
tetrahedron, which describes the necessary elements for a fire to occur
and sustain itself. Which of the following statement is/are true about
combustion?
A. Combustion is a chemical reaction that occurs when a fuel combines
with oxygen in the presence of heat, resulting in the release of energy
in the form of heat and light.
B. Combustion is often referred to as "burning."
C. Combustion is an exothermic process, meaning it releases energy.
D. All of the above

38. Tsunamis and storm surges are both natural hazards that can cause
significant devastation to coastal areas. While they are of different
phenomena, the protection measures for both have similarities due to
their shared risk factors. Which of the following is/are the natural
protection of coastal communities from tsunamis and storm surges?
A. Dike C. Sandbar
B. Mangrove plants D. Seawall

Regional Achievement Test – DRRR

39. Which of the following refers to the abnormal rise in sea level that
occurs during a tropical cyclone or hurricane? It is usually caused by
the combination of low atmospheric pressure, strong winds, and the
movement of the storm over the ocean. When a storm approaches a
coastal area, the strong winds push the water towards the shore,
causing it to pile up and raise the sea level.
A. Tidal wave
B. Storm surge
C. Tsunami
D. River swells
40. A rainfall-induced landslide is triggered by heavy or prolonged rainfall. It
occurs when the stability of sloping or hilly terrain is compromised due
to excessive water infiltration into the soil or rock layers. What kind of
area will most likely experience the rainfall-induced landslide?
A. In muddy and moist areas.
B. In areas where the types of rocks below are made up of gypsum and
limestone.
C. In a mountain slope with loose topsoil.
D. In urban areas where there are tall buildings.
41. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a serious active respiratory
syndrome caused by coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). This outbreak began
in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and immediately spread over the
world, resulting in a continuing pandemic crisis. How can the
Philippines overcome disasters such as COVID-19?
A. quarantine protocols must continue
B. people must always keep their surroundings clean
C. citizens must adhere to health and safety measures at all times
D. people must cooperate with the government for the greater good

42. Which statement best describes vulnerability?

A. vulnerability can cause the loss of life, injury, property damage
B. vulnerability is potentially damaging physical event, phenomenon,
or human activity
C. vulnerability is the susceptibility of an individual or a group of people
on the impact of natural hazard
D. vulnerability can generate social and economic disruption or
environmental degradation

43. Why is it important to crawl or stay low when escaping a fire? It…
A. allows for a quicker and more efficient exit
B. minimizes the chances of tripping or falling
C. reduces the likelihood of encountering obstacles
D. helps to avoid inhaling hot air and smoke

Regional Achievement Test – DRRR

44. Volcanic activity occurs when magma rises to the surface through
volcanic conduits or fractures in the Earth's crust. The ascent of magma
is driven by the pressure exerted by the gases dissolved in it, as well as
the buoyancy of the molten rock. When magma reaches the surface, it
is referred to as lava. If the temperature is high, what happens to the
viscosity of the magma?
A. The viscosity of the magma is high.
B. The viscosity of the magma is low.
C. The viscosity of the magma is not dependent on the temperature.
D. The viscosity of the magma remains the same throughout.
45. What government agency is the implementing arm of the NDRRMC and
has the primary mission of administering a comprehensive national
civil defense and Disaster Risk Reduction and Management program?
It is responsible for coordinating and supervising disaster management
efforts at the national level in the Philippines and plays a crucial role in
the planning, preparation, response, and recovery phases of disaster
management, working closely with various government agencies, local
government units, and other stakeholders to ensure effective disaster
risk reduction and management in the country.
A. Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP)
B. Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD)
C. Office of Civil Defense (OCD)
D. Philippine National Police (PNP)
46. Reducing the effects of hazards is a key objective of disaster mitigation.
It involves implementing measures and strategies to minimize the
impact and consequences of hazards on human lives, infrastructure,
and the environment. The goal is to lessen the vulnerability of
communities and increase their resilience in the face of potential
disasters. Which of the following activities in the community can be
initiated to reduce the effects of hazards?
A. Posting to social media the hazards that were not acted upon by
community leaders.
B. Organizing a community- watch for the security of the entire
community.
C. Organizing tree-planting activities near the coastal areas.
D. Initiating a community watch and hazard mapping and referring the
results to community leaders.

Regional Achievement Test – DRRR

47. Geologists employ several processes to identify hazard zones and
determine the direction and extent of lava flow. To do this, topography
of the area and past volcanic features are examined to create a detailed
geologic map of the volcanic region that highlights the distribution of
rocks, lava flows, and volcanic deposits.
Which of these methods is used to determine the hazard zone, direction,
and extent of lava flow?
A. Lava flow hazard zoning
B. Pyroclastic flow hazard zoning
C. Volcanic gases danger spot hazard zoning
D. Tephra falls and ballistic projectile hazard zoning.

48. Lockdowns and stay-at-home orders had been widely implemented as

a crucial measure to control the spread of COVID-19 during the
pandemic. This involve imposing temporary restrictions on the
movement and activities of the people within a specific geographic area.
Which of the following is the main reason why lockdown was
implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic?
A. To identify the infected and suspected cases of COVID-19.
B. To maintain peace and order in various places in our country.
C. To determine the number of households that need relief goods.
D. To minimize the exposure of individuals while waiting for the
vaccine.
49. When the school head, DRRM coordinator and school planning team
identifies the hazards, identify potential threats based on experience
and records what is necessary for prioritizing targets of mitigation
measures. What component of disaster risk reduction is referred to?
A. Risk Analysis C. Risk Prioritization
B. Risk Identification D. Risk Treatment
50. Since John is a well-trained firefighter and always wears his firefighting
suit and gear how will you assess his vulnerability to fall or burn?
A. High C. Moderate
B. Low D. cannot be determined.
51. Terrorism is an example of what type of hazard.
A. Natural Hazard
B. Human-induced hazard
C. Bio-chemical hazard
D. Ergonomic Hazard

Regional Achievement Test – DRRR

52. Different types of fire extinguishers are designed to combat specific
types of fires. Why do we use foam fire extinguishers for Class A fires
caused by burning wood, plastic, and paper and Class B fires caused
by flammable liquids like fuel, paint thinner, and solvent?
A. The foam acts as a blanket and separates the contact of the flame
source with oxygen in air.
B. The foam is less conductive, resulting in less damage if sprayed on the
electrical surface.
C. They are ideal for premises where there are multiple fire risks.
D. The foam fire extinguishers are less expensive than the other types of
fire extinguishers.
53. Philippines rank no.1 in the World Risk Index, this explains that
Philippines is more susceptible to any type of disaster. In the four
thematic area of disaster, in what thematic area does Philippines need
to strengthen?
A. Preparedness C. Mitigation and Prevention
B. Recovery and Rehabilitation D. Response

54. Barangay Patitinan, Lagonoy Camarines is a landslide prone area.

Which of the following is a big sign of danger that the residents must
anticipate for?
A. Cold weather C. Large winds
B. Erosion D. Traffic

55. This refers to the weather disturbance characterized by strong winds

and heavy rains which revolve in central low-pressure area.
A. Earthquake C. Wind
B. Flooding D. Typhoon

56. Landslides are often triggered by heavy rainfall. When there is intense
or prolonged rainfall, the soil becomes saturated with water leading to
a decrease in stability and an increase in weight. The increased water
content weakens the bonds between the soil particles and reduces the
friction that holds the soil in place making it more susceptible to
movement. What factor is most closely associated with landslide
occurrence during heavy rainfall events?

A. Slope angle C. Vegetation cover

B. Soil permeability D. all of the above

Regional Achievement Test – DRRR

57. Your family will move to a new apartment alongside your new school.
Which of the following safety measures should you consider first to
avoid fire incident at home?

A. Check for the safety features of the building if it has fire wall,
sprinklers and fire extinguishers.
B. Unplug electrical devices and inspect wires for any sign of damage.
C. Check the doorways, corridors and path for obstruction and look for
emergency exit.
D. Both A and C are correct but not B.
58. Which of the following may be done to reduce disaster risk?
A. Disaster C. Recovery
B. Mitigation D. Response

59. The extent to which a community, structure, services or geographic

area is likely to be damaged or disrupted by the impact of hazard is
termed as ______.
A. Capacity
B. Hazard
C. Risk
D. Vulnerability

60. Which is not an element of disaster risk?

A. exposure C. relief
B. hazard D. vulnerability

Regional Achievement Test – DRRR