READING: Gossip Gal 4. What does Suzy tell Mark about Cath?

III•Read and d'1scuss who you think will get

a, along with Cath,.·_ _ __

1 .... S. What did Mark know about Cath's boyfriend?

b. Discuss the latest gossip about your favorite

celebrities.

V. WRITING: lmportance of Commas

'
S
U'C/ is Cath's best friend. Cath is transferring to
Suzy's school, so Suzy is telling her everything
she needs to know. . .
in Clauses
a. Write a 120 word paragraph about what
you discuss in Exercise b (celebrities latest
.•:.
gossip). Use defining and non-defining relative
"Mark, whose best fnend 1s Pete, is my boyfriend.
clauses to add information about the people.

~
Pete, who is . the tall~st, is Melissa's boyfriend.
1 Melissa, who 1s blon~, 1s the best soccer player on
the school team. Ket~ke, who comes from India as
w an exchange student, 1s great at Math," said Suzy.
"And what about the girl between Mark and
Pete?" asked Cath.
"Ah! She's Wendy, who won a scholarship to
study at our school. She is competing with Mae

~
to win the Math Olympics. Mae, who is the girl
~ wearing eyeglasses and is next to Ketike, can't stand
Wendy," replied Suzy.
"Why?" Cath wanted to know.
j "Because before Wendy carne, Mae was the one
~ who was expected to win." Suzy explained.
"Oh! And the hoy next to Melissa?" inquired
Cath.
"The boywho is next to Melissa is Alex, Melissa's
brother. He is super smart, so even though he is
younger than us, he is in our group. He is very shy,
butvery nice. He's more interested in Literature and
History," answered Suzy.
"I can'twait to meet a11 of them!" exclaimed Cath. --------··-- -··---·····-·· -- ••• - ••

LISTENING ANO SPEAKING:

\ t.--~:
nversation of People Gossiping • i\. . . . . ;,C o.t'
b Chec1, th,:. c""rr ~rt u~,.,
\.J 1(.... ._
~.,
n·•··, ,.._.,,_.
.,·~t•~, • • j

en and answer the questions. writing.

•r~--r;.·.~~":·~J'2?•·1~,~~t~·:~
_: ,~~t/:~;f:G'fff:i:.~~·~ it~
~ - r , •....

o is Cath? l!!,UJ~~---· _.,,.~a-~~1 -,~.,~~

... start my paragraph with a .naín ! ! ¡,
did Pete hear about Cath? sentence? 1
1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + - - - ~ --~
... continue with supporting 1 !

sentences ?
oes Alex think about that? ... end with a concluding paragraph?
... use commas in the non-defining
el auses?

25
 Module Test W 'te a D (Defining) or N (Non-defi1 .
V. ripartment, which is on the next " 1119).
oun to 1. My a . h fl ,
t is in the fourt oor. "
Use the correct relative pron stree ,
l. h 5entences. he man whom I saw yesterday was
complete t e whose 2• T
h t whom
I f. d "'
my schoo nen •
who which t a k' g to
where my grandma lived Was
1am spea in • 3 The house
1. 1don't know - 1put my book • white and it had a pretty garden.
2. The book shelf on - - 6
. ( 111ar~
is this.
•te five sentences w1th non-definin
3. The novel _ -
1like best is
VI. W ri
defining clauses.
9 ª~d
Wuthering Heights.
1dream 0 f
is Brad Pitt. 1. - - - - - - - -
4. Theman _ _ 2.
• my uncle. k }
car is red is
5. The man (5 mar s 3.
4.
relative pronoun.
11 Circle the correct as a present. 5. ---------
• 1gave you
1 1 chose the phone - e who
• b• that •
a. whose
• d was terrib 1e. VII. Listen and write who they are
2 The news - we rece1ve who
• h. h b• whom c. speaking about.
a. W IC
bt bout the man -
3. People have their dou s a 1. - - - - - - - - - - -
was elected president.
b. that c. who 2. - - - - - - - - - - -
a. Which
fl is my boss. 3. - - - - - - - - - - -
4 The lady - bag •is on the oor
• a. who b whom c. whose 4. - - - - - - - - - - -
•
5 The man she divorced was mean. 5. - - - - - - - - - - -
• hO b whom c. whose
ª·
w • (5 marks)
VIII. Read the text and write an appropriate
111. Read the sentences and write the commas
ending in your notebook (120 words).
where they belong.
1. Marco Polo who travelled through Asia,
The Mystery of the "Mary Celesteº
wrote abook.
Sailing the Atlantic Ocean, the ship Dei Gratia saw
2. Lady Gaga who acted in a movie, won an a ship sailing ahead. lt was the Mary Celeste. ~
Osear for it. sailed in a weird way. When they went to check, the,
3. Hamlet which was written by Shakespeare found no one on board. Everything was in order.
is a tragedy. there was no money missing and the jewels were
(3 marks} intact. There was no sign of violence. However,
when a sailor went to check the ship's cargo ...
IV. Choose the correct relative pronoun. (5 marks)
1. The pills which I that the FDA retired from
the market were dangerous.
IX. On a separate sheet of piece, write a
2. The hamburger which I that we ate yesterday
..... was delicious.
descriptive paragraph about a classmate,
a relative, a historical character or your
3. The dress which I that you wore to the party hometown. Start with an introductory
was beautiful.
sentence, give details in two or three
4. The price of the gas which / that I use sentences, and end it with a concluding
carne down. sentence. Write 120 words.
(4 marks)
26
 Module

Grammar:
• Present Perfect Affirmative
Wrtting,
•
~
Expository Essay
•
•
Conducting a survey
a
Discussing [Link] given
(alway~, just, sinc eia.·'.~
k . ,, •An lnterview \." • Making predictions
)'~,
Negat1ve (yet, never Jil:''.' , : •Order Ideas ';•· • Narrating an'even
• Present Perfect lnterrogative •Writin g a Survey • Discussing á..n opinion
(already, yet, ever)Jlj/ •Narrative Structure Jt,···:}~
Vocabulary: {J.}
• ~;~~'.:0 \~\°::!tit_ •.•
1 •
•
Narrative Paragraph
Writing a Short Story • News
. >t;,r:c,,
• ~----,
• Present Perfect vs. Simf!le,. (narrative) • Life Experiences .
Past (for, since )tsi;fK cl'f' •• • Writing a Short Story • Life Expectations ¼t -· "•
~-.¡
• Present Perfect vs. Simple • Lile Experiences ¡¡:·..:•
Past jj .\i.',l,'},k Listening: • Fairy Tales
.;:,,'.·•:
·;}' • •• • •
•, Past Perfect Affirmative / • Short Story
• Ordering events
JNegative. j·"· • Listening for detail • Short Story 11
• Past Perfect (interrogative +
• Listening for specific
wh- question words) information Browse "Why are
• Past Perfect Continuous peopl e intere sted in the
• Listening and relating to
pictures paranormal?" Read one of
Reading: the articles or watch one
• Listening for specific
• ldentifying the parts of an information of the videos. Answer the
article ~;
• Listening and reading to questions. '·,
• ldentifying general ideas ·-~j
improve concentration /
• ldentifying the author's
• Do you believe in the t>J
check pronunciation paranormal?
purpose J¡
• Where did you hear your (_~e;
• Developing critica! Speaking: first horror story?
thinking
• Debating based on • Why are sorne people
• Analyzing author's purpose
information more easily frightened
• Skimming
• lnterviewing a partner than others?
• Making predictions /
• Building rapport /
scanning
paraphrasing
• ldentifying the overall idea
 ·te 5
sentences in present pe
l. GRAMMAR: Present Pe b. Wn rfeN
rfect . ative an d negat',ve statem '"\, \11·
Affirmative (always, just, sin aff 1rrn ents 11),..
ce) book, Be sure to use d , ¡I'\
~ te the corr.. ~~\aIr
Ne ga tiv e (yet, never) expressions. Qa u
~,
The present perfect tense • or
refers to an action
state that. II, VOCABULARY: News
• ha pp en ed at an indefir . ten to the wo rds an d
~
nte t,me in the Pª st. a, LIS rep ea t th e-
I h.1w \'i~it•d ,:\t:. ! . ...::J b~ ,,, \
fore. "'•
• began in the past and
cont,nued to the present
tim e.
i ha\le dated C/,1, ice for
4 years now.
I have waited for hím for
over an hour.
The ma in components
of present perfect are:
have/has + past participle for
m of the verb aware
(check the list on pa ge
126.)
Time Expressions
always - states the verb or action
has existed up
to the present.
. '.

ju st- expresses an action tha ,- ''

JJ•'

t has been done ' •' --

recently. . ,
since - states the precise
mo me nt the action or
ver b sta rte d. Look at the embark
patterns:
1have always been healthy.
She has just arrived five
minutes ago.
He hasn't seen his cousin
since 2018.
Present Perfect Negativ
e Form
The pa tte m for the neg
ative form of Present Pe
is: sub jec t + have / has rfect
+ not + past participle
for m of the verb.
I have not washed the dis
hes.
I have ne ve r tasted shark
fin soup.
I have no t arríved home ye
t.
Never: used instead of
• not •
Yet: expresses something
that has not been done.

a. Underline the correct

terms to complete the outslde
sentences. Write the tim
e expression that
best fits.
1. 1 have /has _ _ _ _
been / be a good
athlete. In fact, 1don't like
sports.
2. You have /ha s _ _ _
_ bought / buy the
tickets for the football ma
tch That's amazing! python quote
3. Hugh have /h as / was /
been my best friend
_ _ _ _ kindergarten.
4. Amy have /h as / work /
worked in the office
- - 2001.
5. My grandparents ha ven 't
/ hasn 't arrive /
arrived home
-- -- snake spacewalk
28
...... ..

111. READING: Newspaper Article

a Read the newspaper a~icle and review the note. Circle
the main idea and underline the
• supporting paragraphs tn blue and the conclusion in black.

WORLD NEWS
~:::0 2::º- :---;: :~~; ;;-=- -~:-- :::--- ----- ----- N~o
:_.1 ~2~ 345
tndian Students Wear Cardboard Boxes for Exam s ____,, ,___
An lndian school officia_l has apologized after severa! irnages went viral
showing students weanng cardboard boxes on their heads.
,111c1ges1WTe taken dun~ a ch~mtstry exam at He also ms1sted lhe students had accepled using lhe
ne I Pre-UniVersity Cotlege mHaven, Kamalaka slate
~
boxes - mlact, lhey had broughl mlhe1r own boxes.
showed students weanng boxes, cut open 'They were not lorced to use lhem,' he sa,d 'Sorne
I 'As soon as I leamed about this, 1imrnediately
00 ooe side. lo preven! thern rorn belng able to copy who wore 11 removed 11 after 15 minutes, sorne atter 20
oWs exarn. went to lhe college and ordered lhe rnanagement
rnmutes and we ourselves asked them to remove it atter to stop the practice,• he was quoted by lhe Times
an A¡umor college admm,st_ra_tor has spoken pubhcly one hour. l have never mtended to humiliale astudent·
d 0¡og1zed to dislrict ottic,als lar lhe mc,dent. of India as saying. And he added, 'We have already
Regional otticials reportedly rushed to lhe school
an M~ Sahsh told BBC Hindi he was sorry lar usmg the lo complain as soon as they were made aware al the taken measures to avoid these pract1ces •
unusual technique. School otticials have said they have stopped the '
images.
H said he has only irnplernented the rneasure pract,ce and are cooperatmg with the school board's
SC Peerjade, deputy director al lhe local pre-University
•~,rnentallf after hearing of its use elsewhere. He direcllve.
Education Board, described the praclice as 'ínhumane'.
tiasn'I quit the univers,ty yel, but lhere are rurnors that And thal ,s something that w1II never occur
'We have always been respecttul to students. 1don'l
re might agam, smce th1s attects students self-esteem and it
understand what happened,' he said. 1s not agood didactic technique. ,
t
IV. LISTENING: News
a. Listen and circle the picture they don't talk about.

•
'
IJ..
,:.,
•1

--
• ~
,
•
.,_
' •1

V. WRITING ANO SPEAKING:

c. Compare and contrast your essays and
Expository Essay Abo ut Recent News talk about them.
a. Search the web for an essay on how poor Did 1... ✓ 1
teaching techniques can affect students'
academic performance, identify its parts, 1·..sta~ with a to~c para graph?
and write the following:
... include facts and arguments
- Write an expository essay addressing the '
\ throughout the essay?
authorities at the Bhagant Pre-University
College in your notebook. 1... end the
essay with a concluding
- Explain why teachers must not embarrass paragraph?
students. - -
- lnclude main idea, supporting ideas, a ... use the present perfe et tense in
conclusíon and your point of view. 1 affirma
tive and negative form?
- -- -- .
b. Check your writing. Be sure you included • ...use time expressions in affirmative
the present perfect tense in affirmat~ve a~d and negativa form?
negative form with their corresponding time
expressions.
29
 ~:' :1 ..
.....
..
Experiences
l. GRAMMAR: Present Pe rfe
ct
5. Have / rec eiv ed / you r ¡
yo
u I Packa
•

g~ y
L
••

ever) - ---------
lnt er ro ga tiv e (already, ye t,
~¡
•I

"·,.
To ask yes / no questions, just invert the
order.
11. VOCABULARY: Life Elep e.
rep tie 'l
Loo k at the pattern: a. Listen to the words and
+ + eat the ~ t,1
Have /
io + ?
past particip
H.1s subjoct

?
Ha , Emily fini she d her hom ew ork • ~I
a wh- question
To ask ope n-e nde d questions,
iliary verb.
wo rd is add ed before the aux
W1u1re hav e you bee n?
e something has
To ask abo ut the amount of tim
lasted, we use How long?
Ho w long hav e you wa ited at
the doc tor 's offi ce?
questions are:
Words usually used to clarify
already, yet and ever.
action has
Alr ead y- emphasizes that the
of speaking.
hap pen ed before the moment
Have you tak en this class already? fjor ds
n't hap pened. ham
Ye t- describes something that has
?
Have you wa she d the dishes yet
stions to ask if
Ev er- is commonly used in que
poi nt in time.
something has happened at any
?
Have you eve r trie d exo tic dishes
n words fro m
a. Complete with the wh - questio home for old
manager
the box. peo ple
handicraft
How long What Where Who

1. have you don e lately?

2. have you been?

3. have you lived in that house?

nougat
4. have you been with? rise from ashes
l sencha
5. have you ordered? green tea
I
write sentences.
b. Unscramble the words to
yet? / you / your
1. do ne / Have / homework /

/ fixed
2. already / dinner? / Ha s/ Liz swallow
nes t soup

/ to Oaxaca?
3. ever / gone / Have / they

/ the / watched
4. already /H as / Lucy / movie? tas te
twice wine

30
,.
 ••• - www •mnt

111. READING: Experiences

,. Read the text and notice how the general
She has tned exotIc fru1ts and ,nseets
idea is In present perf~ct, but the details are •
She has vis1ted N,agara Fª11s, the cenotes in
in simple past. ~nderhne the past perfect Mexico, and the lguazu Falls
and circle the simple past.

r 82 ycars old, my aunt Katc is a woman wh h li d

A •
ind enJoycd lifie to •its fullest. She has hadothas ve
• li • b
2Jl'lazing expcnenccs vmg a road, traveüng the eworld, most
V. WRITING ANO SPEAKING:
The Places You Have Gone, th e
¡Jl
d sbc has also rnade
H . .
surc she kept track of her •
Joumcy
Things You Have Seen
ass 00 to us. ere 1s JUst a tiny bit of her fabul
to P li d. M . d . ous a. Write a questionnaire of five questions to
liÍC storr• Shc ve m exico unng her childhood. During
her tccn years, her parents sent her to attend school in the ask a classmate about the experiences he /
USA, where shc mct her husband. She lived in Hawaü she has had.
wbcre her first daughter was bom. Then, they moved to
To write a questionnaire, consider using the
Chicago, whcre her second daughter was born. Once her
daughters were older, she and her husband made ita habit wh- question words: who, what, where, how
to pack their bags and her _camera and explore the world. long, why.
She attende~ the ~ost elite events in Paris; they went
wine rasting rn Spam; they made swallow nest soup from
scratch in China; she drank sencha green tea in Japan. They
roade their way through Europe only by train. And she
swam in the freezing waters oflceland. After her husband
passed away, she took her car, all of her photographs and
drove all the wayfrom Texas to Yucatan. She felt devastated
to }ose her travel companion. She rose from her ashes to
tart her own successful gallery. Walking into her gallery is
~ unforgettable experience - looking at all those places
and all those people she has met through her life. She has
lived a remarkable life, no doubt about it. And I have never
felt prouder of the woman who has truly seen the world.

b. Now use your questionnaires to ask your • •

classmates the questions. Then you can ifl
answer theirs.

c. Check your writing.

Did 1... ✓ X
. ..write at least one question with
each of the wh- question words?
IV. LISTENING ... write have / has where they should
J

a. Listen to the interview and number the be?

1
events in the order they are mentioned.
: ... write the main verb in past
She has stayed at great hotels, in
participle?
hammocks, in tents under the stars...
1 ... end the questions with a question
She has visited all the continents. mark? 1
She has traveled since she was 18. 1···write interesting questions?
1

31
 Go to Acapulco Every Year
We Would
6 Peter and James wo
•
uld studYeve
am. (as for a rea son)
k "Y ri; 9L
t
Talk About Pass the ex 'lt te,
l. GRAMMAR: Would to
the Past
i
... in the past. questions
out even~ b. Read the following anda l'ls~ ,
We use wou!d to talk ab followrng •th your •,nf ormation.
place repeate diY· L00 k ªt the them w,
ek
8
th3t took uld you do on the we
1. What wo eri dsi.v~~~
charts. you were a child?

l
Past beliefs about , He knew he would fai on vacation .
2. Where would you go With Your
the exam. a child?
the future~~-- -7 family when you were
, . ~ ~ ~ - We would always
1 Past hab1ts
go to Morelos every ga mes when y
weekend. 3. Would you play video OlJ W%
younger?
r- 1would watch carto
ons
1 Th,ngs that are
not
when I was a kid. rtoons when You
; true anymore 4. Would you watch ca 'Nere a
questions and answers
. eh,'ld?.
Look at the patterns for
Affirmative /
Ne gative Answers ry tales wh en you
Yes / No Qu es tíons s. Would you read faiones? Were a
child? lf so, which
Yes, 1would. No, 1
Would you play in the
wouldn't.
park when you were a
child?
Expectat·
[Link] lnformatíon Answers 11. VOCABULARY: Life 'ºns
and repeat thern. (Q.
I would play in the a. Listen to the words
What would you do ,22j
park every weekend.
when you were a child?

us ing would and the

a. Rewrite the statements
function in parentheses.
exam, but I didn't.
1. 1thought I passed the
(past of future wi/1)

to live nearby, but now

2. My best friend used
place. (an action that is
she is living in another
not true anymore)

3. Laura runs in the pa

rk every morning.
action in the past)
I (emphasizes a repeated
1 ride sharks
'
ere riding my bike when
4. 1would go everywh
statement)
1 1was a child. (negative

( h my friends on every
5. 1wou_ld go rafting wit
n)
vacat,on. (yes/no-questio
(
waterfall
woods
I
32
 ha ---~-·-
... . -·-··-···■
••• . . . ... ~·· .... ... ...
... •• .. ••• ... ..._..... ··• ,. ............ .··•.. :::
••• ••• ··,-'••·-···'-=
::: ■-··■···■· ..- t·•

111, READING: The Bucket List IV. LISTENING: Conversation About

\ a. Read the text. Answer the questions. Bucket Lists ~
When I was a child, l would dream of all the things l a. Listen and check(✓) what Liz hasn't done.-2Jt
would like to do when I grew up, so started to write
alist stating my desires. What I didn't know was that O travel around the world
this list is called a bucket list. But what exactly is a O bungee jump
bucket list? Bu~ket lists can be very specific or very
1
O have a relationship with someone special
\ broad, depending on what you d like to accomplish.
If you've wanted to create a bucket list and start O climb a mountain
working on the tasks, but felt like you didn't know O fall in love
where to start, worry no more.
Everyone should create a bucket list at sorne point V. WRITING AND SPEAKING: Write
in their life, so here's how to get started.
Toe best bucket list has a variety of activities, from
and Discuss Your Own Bucket List
those that fulfill your hobbies and your interests, to a. What would you dream of doing when you
places you'd like to visit, things you'd like to do in were a child? Write your bucket list.
life, and even goals that feel a little unrealistic.
1. What is a bucket list?

2. What sort of things does the author suggest

including on a bucket list?

IS

~ 3. Do you or anyone you know have a bucket

list?

4. Would you dream of doing a lot of things when

you were a child?

S. What would you do first if you had the possibility

of accomplishing your bucket list wishes?
b. Write a paragraph to describe your life as
a child - what you would do then that you
don't do any more.
SoUice: https:I/bi [Link]/JyDcaXH
c. Share your paragraph with a classmate a.l.
and talk about it. •

Did 1... ✓ X

... write at least 10 items?

... write 5 items I have already done?
... write 5 items I haven't done?
~--+-+-++-t-1-t-t-t-

~_....._·-+-+--+-HH---t"-.r
... include interesting items?

33
 Worked Since He Was 17
He Has •
ab ou t th at I h
2. Ja m es / dr ea m e start
ed sch
nt P er fe ct vs.
l. GRAMMAR: P re se Ce¡
since)
Simple Past (for, th an tw o h 0 urs
3. They / wa it / m or e
ple past are
pe rfe ct an d th e sim
Bo th th e pr es en t e pa st is
rposes. The simpl
us ed for d,fferent pu a specific
th at ha pp en ed at
used to st at e ac tio ns
the m om en t 4. The br ea d I be
I in th e ov en 1 30 .,nut
st and are ov er at rn
m om en t in th e pa es
of speaking. transaction
us e in 2012. (The
"·.-... bought rh e ho
ished in 2012.) th is pr oj ec t ¡
ha pp en ed and fin S. We / wo rk / on
ct started
, the present perfe
O n th e ot he r hand en t of
ntinues at th e m om
in th e past and co
speaking. is a/ bu m / 15 m,· nutes
th e sa m e ho m e
sin ce 20 11 . 6. t / lis te n / to th
\-\e have liv ed in ted in 2011
he ac tio n of liv in g in the house star
(T e.)
continue liv in g ther
and continues, we
m om en t
ec ify tim es at the . '
Words us ed to he lp sp
OCABULARY: L ife Expe ne nc e
of speaking are fo
r and since. 11. V S 11 ,
ec ify how lo ng th
e action has e
or ds an d re pe at
th
Fo r- is used to sp a. Listen to th e w rn. ~
,2..,. !
~
lasted.
for hours.
They ha ve ta lk ed
te
ec ify aparticular hour, da
Since - is used to sp d.
en the ae tio n starte
or po in t in tim e wh
They ha ve ta lk ed
since 5:00.
2S1h, 20 01 .
ey ha ve liv ed in M ex ico sin ce M ay
Th ce th is
an yt hi ng to ea t sin
Th ey haven 't ha d
morning.

sentences wi th fo
r or since.
a• Co m pl et e th e years now.
ha ve liv ed to ge th er _ _ _ four
1. W e
in this school _
_ _ t was
2. 1ha ve st ud ie d
17 years ol d.
fri en d - - -
3 • She has been he r best
hi gh school.
they were in ju ni or
than
ed - - - more
4. They have argu rn cu la r
SO minutes. es
ny
rked in the compa
5. Mr. Sm ith has wo
_ _ _ 1994.

ences in responsible
pt s to write sent
b. Use th e pr om eded
Ad d th e words ne
pr es en t pe rfe ct .

t
girl •
t / she was a lit tle

~
1. Char/otte / pa in fli gh t
p;-;·n.., d . e
Ch ar lo -d e ha s <-<1 e.e S nc e Sh
1

at te nd an t
ZS a /;t tle ¡)'
°rl.
LuC spicy

tru st w or th y
34
 eADING: The New Kid in Town
111· R V. WRITING ANO SPEAKING: Survey
d and answer what you think of Ben. a. Write questions on the chart and the
- - ~ .. ·- .... -- . . . ._~
a• Rea partner's name you want to ask each
.. · -· is the new kid in town. His family has just question to. Write their answers.
r Bell(ll0 ved to the house
d .
ncxt door. He livcs with
B . .
her, mother, an s1ster. en 1s m my class· Partner's name
• far b' h M f• d ' Ouestions
biS. • e and a 1t s y. Y nen s and I decidcd and answer
be 1s º~·rn to sit with us at lunch, so wc can find
to ask ~ about him. Each of us asked different O. wl1at 1V shows ,fohdo
ur mo wou/d yott watch ,[Link] '4.)0tl/d
o stions. 1 watch cartoon.s
when yott ,~re a
qu~ick asked him, "W~erc_ did you live bcfor~t ,
ch,'/d? when /~ l<.X'~ a ch'ld.

~ i.1j 1.

1
l
·l
1
2.
·,

, Ben answered, "I livcd in Orlando."

, Nicked replied, "Wow! Have you been to Epcot
: Center?" 3.
Ben answered, "I've becn therc severa! times."
' July asked, "What do you like to eat?"
To the surprise of everyone, Ben answered, "I
Iove spicy food."
July asked, "Have you tr!ed lndian food?" 4.
. ,.i
Ben said, "Sure! It's my favorite."
Roland askéd, "Have you evcr been abroad?"
Ben answered, "I've be~n to Madrid once."
Roland said, "Wow!" •
• Ben said, "My sister is a Bight attcndant. Shc s.
•has bccn around the world scvcral times."

IV. LISTENING: Talking About

One-self
a. Listen to the audio and circle T (True) or s ~ b. Conduct the survey in your class and graph
F (False).
the results.
1. She has never been a good student. T F
c. Check your writing.
2. She has always gotten excellent grades. T F
Did 1... ✓ X
3. She won 1st place in literature. T F
... formulate effective questions?
4. She lived with her parents 9 years ago. T F
...use present perfect and simple
S. Business has not been very good. T F
past correctly? 1

35
 .. .•••.. :
...
Y=••
Fairy Tales
l. GRAMMAR: Present Pe
Simple Past 11
rfect vs. L
past and the present
Quite frequently the simple
in narrative texts such
perfect help one another
y tales. For example:
as novels, short stories or fair
O ,~ upon º time, there wa
s a fami/y who lived
·n tht? forest They were the fath
er, the stepmother
and Gretel, whose
'.-, .
:-;.; .
ano the h\ o chddren Hansel blanket
rried another woman
mother died. Their father ma
rheard the
who didn t 10\ e them. They ove
to abandon them
stepmother telling their father
il bread crumbs.
in the woods, so they left a tra
of the woods,
When thej, were in the middle
e lost our way!"
Gretel cried, "Oh, no! We hav
ses can be mixed.
As you see, many different ten
underline the
a. Read the paragraph and
correct form of the verb.
couple who ,,/ived /
Trudy and Greg are an old
ny years. They ,21
have lived together for rna
wanted / have always wanted a baby, but now
ible. One rainy night,
it seerned alrnost irnposs
a lovely lady 13,knocked
/ have knocked on the
t. The old couple let
door. She was soaking we
her in. Trudy 14,heated /
has heated sorne water
ered it to their guest.
and sorne food and off
table and offered the
Greg, 15,set / has set the
e stranger thanked
lady a dry, warrn blanket. Th
thern for their hospitalíty.

of the story and write

b. Read the continuation
in the correct tense.
the verbs from the box
k tell wish
have drink hold loo

_ her tea, she asked

While the lovely lady 11,,___
ever ( 2 : r - - - - a
the old couple, "Have you
" They 13,__ _ _ at
dream you couldn't fu/fil/?
man answered, "We
each other and the old wo
you can
<4r------
- for a baby, but as ..
e /ove/y lady ,s -, -- - .. ., ~
(

see, we are now old." Th

with cornpassionate
the old woman's hand and ~

, "Here, take this magic

eyeS, < 6 r - - - - - her a ~
..,¡ '
'
am gone, use it to make
ffour. Tomorrow, when I • 'frA.~ .,'
wi/1 have a baby. "
co okie. Bake ít warmly and you thumbnail
village

36
 1:ADING ANO SPEAKING:
111 Ra-
• ce Upon a T"1me ...
IV. LISTENING: Fairy Tale ~
a. Listen to the last part of the fairy tale ndª 127 '
Oíld part three of the story. Discuss with
circle the picture that solves the problem.
~', a- :epaartner: whaht are so~e of the values
~I ressed in t e story. Explain. What would
~ ::P, good title for the story?

t (
'bs 3
!f:. 11e [ovcl.y lady was gone, the dishes werc
C}washed and me blankeq; were folded. n~
.
1
tO ene cniJTln&)'

Gl?CfllÍScd. :[Link].;.
pro ,
~as a s~ ru~e and a n0tt.
note nad wntten on te 'GhtS is the flour I
-•·~ ehe cook"te and you
• Uhavc your
1
l
babY·
Ghe old woman ran ro t:ell che good news co
~e o!d man. fie st:art:ed a fi~_µ, warm che oven
artd che woman scart::ed m1Xmg the flour wich
buccet: and milk. She kneaded che dough, she
Ued lt and finally she shaped che cookie inro
:srnall child ~e put it: ~ the ovC!l-an d bocb V. WRITING: Fairy Tale
•·ad for 15 mmures. holdmg bands. Suddenly
,,[Link] •~ • d #ºb a. Write a fairy tale you remember from your
Q'.[Link] : .,- ew! I was getting
childhood in your notebook. Write betwee n
~ot ¡nside! fíello, IDom! f]ello, Dad!" J{ little
150-200 words.
eookíe boy carne out:. ñe was very [Link] and tiny.
fíe was warm and affcctionare. ñe al\'lays When writing your fairy tale use narrative
nelped nis dad in che fteld iabors and bis mom structures. Write an introductory paragraph
.mw ...1.e kiuben. In time, cookie-boy grew inro a explaining a conflict. Introduce a magical
. being that helps solve the problem . Add
very affcctionatt and bandso me young man. ,
sorne incidents, so the hero can prove his /
G!Je viUage has always been under a very fair her qualities. Present a riddle that requires
rulcr. Oneday. his messengercamebywicb news; intelligence to solve. Provide a resolution and
fiis daugbt:er bad fallen sick and cbey n ~ a end the story happily.
cure. Cooki.e-boy [Link] for permis sion ro go, f]is
parenrs refused ar first. "IDom, Dad. I can help b. Check your writing.
cbe rulcr's daugbter. I ama magic cookie-boy
'
afcer alL am I nocf Knd he was right:. Did 1...
1
✓ : X
'
G!Je n~ moming: he jumped on bis cae, (he ... start with a problem?
was roo smallro ride a borse) and he sc:arced bis
joumey. fíe wenc ro help -cbe ruler's daughc er ... introduce a magical being?
no matter how many obscad es he had ro face.
Ghc car was also [Link] as aU cars· are. Soon . .. add incidents for the hero to prove
his / her qualities?
be anived •ac the ruler's castle. K-c firs-c. che
1
guard laugbed ar his cae'and his size. Bue, when ... presenta riddle to solve?
tbccacjumpedro bis helmec andscr acchoo h~
fact. the guaro opencd che door and announ ced ... end the story happily?
mcm gravely. "(ookie-boy and his cae from
long-•set village.'' . . ... combine tenses correctly?
•
1 '

37
 Th eRed Ro om, Par t__,1....:----______.---...:
4. They / not established / their •
l. GRAMMAR: Past Perfect they / decide / to have a bab situation b
y. ~f~,f
Affirmative / Negative
lf
rThe past perfect is used
to express an action in
the past that happened befare another action S. They / not prepare / the bab ,
also in the past. Look at the patterns. Ann Marie / give birth. ys rool'Tl befOr~
Jenny had lived in the country all her life and
she didn't want to move to the city. o
Stopped at the time of another event or just
6. Nothing / prepared them for th •
befare it.
Dan, who had waited for Patricia almost an - - - - - - - - ~ e arnval of,
hour, was really angry when she arrived.
~
An action which stopped sorne time befare the
11. VOCABULARY: Short s ~
time of speaking.
He had worked as a laborer for years before a. Listen to the words and repeat th~. ~
he met the /ove of his life.
Look at the negative form.
I had not (hadn't) seen that kínd of movíe and I
was very scared.
I had never been to New York. The skyscrapers
amazedme.

a. Complete the sentences with the past

perfect. Use the information in parentheses.
1. 1 ____ enough money before
1went on my trip. (save / negative)
2. Marlene _ _ _ _ _ _ very well
before she took the exam. (study / affirmative)
3. Dorothy ______ the house
befare her mom arrived. (clean / affirmative)
4· l _ _ _ _ _ _ in several positions
befare getting prometed. (work / affirmative)

b. Use the prompts to write affirmative and

negative statements in past perfect.
1. Freddy / court / Ann Marie / severa! years
befare he/ propase.

2. Ann Marie / date / Freddy / many years

befare she / accept / marrying him.

3. She / not take driving lessons / befare / 5h

got her license / e

wide open eyes withered

upstairs

38
 READING AND LISTENING:
The Red Room by H. G. Wells, Part 1
Rtl(f' and listen to the story;. ~
.-u,: you. I siúd: It takcs awiy tangi"blc ghuat to "Thcre's a candle on the slab outside the door, " saiºd
{righl'n me.• And I stood up befwc the fire-with
thc man with thc withered hand. "Bu t if you go to tbe
y),111 in rny hand.
Red Room ... you go alone. " ~"
-It is )OUT own choosing,• said the man with the "Very well "I answered "and which way do I go.
ann, and he glanccd at me with disap_proval. , , .d " ti1
"You go along the passage for a bit," he s:u ' u~
1htvellved,•J said, •twen~eight"81S,andl havc you come to a spiral staircase; and on the secoocl laocling
seco a ghost ycr,.•
is a door covered with green tapestry. Go through thar,
1he old woman sat st2ring hard inm the fire, her pale and clown the long corridor to the end, and tbe Red
-wíde open. •Ay,• she brokl: in; -Ud twmty-eight
Room is on your left up the sreps."
,ou have lived and nevtrlCCn what is in thi, house."
J ~ thc old pcoplc wcrc trying to scare me. b. Write the names of the places on the chart
•1 said, •ifI sec anything tonight,I shall be wiscr. according to the description of the text.
with an open mind."
(s your own choosíng," súd the man with the
armoncemo~
eed,·1 answered..
inust confCSI I had not c:xpccted theae gmtcsque
•ans. Toa-e is something inhuman in scnility;
fuunaD qualities scem to drop from old pcople. 1hcy
me feel uncomformble. I decided to get away
their nasty commcnts of thc cvil things upstain.
,t•I said, •you will show me to tlús haunted room The Red Room
yoms,I will make myselfcomfottable th~•
No one answered me. l waited a minute..1he old
starcd [Link] a dead body, glaring into thc fue
Jack-luster eyes. ~• I rq,ea~ a little louder, ..1Í
wiJ1 show me to the haonted' ~ I will relieve
{mm the [Link]~ l'JJ'd, fo'~;!T_;r_,

IV. SPEAKING: Predicting Events b. Check your writing.

a. Discuss with your classmates what you • Did 1 ... ✓ X

think will happen in the room. You may take
notes. Vote on the best speculations and ... write detailed descriptions of the
present them to the rest of the group. events?

.. .include a natural transition from

V. WRITING: Continuation of the the reading and into my writing?
Short Story
... use simple past and past perfect
a. Write the events you think will unfold in the (affirmative and negative) correctly?
Red Room in your notebook (200 words).

39
 - f~i
~,
11. VOCABULARY: Short S
tory II
l. GRAMMAR: Past Perfect a. Listen to the words and repeat th
tion words) 0...
(interrogative + wh- ques ª'll.
~/
most tenses, uses the
The interrogative form, as in 1 "'
For example:
auxiliary before the subject.
ore?
Had} cu been to New York bef
stions the wh- word
In the same way, for open que candlestick chimney
is placed before the auxiliary.
Where had you gone to school
before coming here? 1
lnterrogative Form Pattern
t participle +
Had + subject + verb in pas
complement + ? pi
b in past te
Vvfl. word + had +subject + ver China lit
? creep •
participle + complement + f(

a. Complete the following

yes/ no questions d
si
with the past perfect.
A
the beach
1. _ _ you _ _ _ to
before we went together? (go)
? d
2· - - she _ _ _ the film already dim disturb
embrace p
(see) e
3• - - it - - - this hot during the
week? (be) e
e
4• - - - you - - - the book before a
the class? (read)
by plane before?
S. - - - th ey _ _ _ fasten
(trave/)

in past perfect.
b. Complete the wh- questions

how long why what

where who
lean forward
1• - - - had you
(see) - - - at the mall?

2. b had they
w-ai-t)--
efore the doctor saw them-?-(
3• _ _ _ hadhe
t Id h',m anything?- - - before she
o (leave)
mantelshelf mirror
4• - - - hadhe
)- to before
he went to the poli-ce_?_(s_p_ea-k

~ - -(be
- hadshe - - before she got
-
here? )

shadow strike a match

40
 . READING ANO LISTENING:
fhe Red Room, Part 11
Read and listen to the second part 0 f th8
• An5wer the questions. st ~
ºry. 1311

anust co11fess that ancicnt room disturb d

r. • th d e me. to thrust that blackncss away
After iastcnmg e oor, I walkcd around the
from me, and I scrcamcd with
. I tc~ed forward and looked up the hlackness of
wide chimney. all my might. Thcn I must have
1here wcrc tw0 big mirron in the room - - L 'th staggcred to my fcet. I thought
~. di ,~tlUl~ a suddcnly of thc corridor, and
of sconccs ~ng ~ es, and on the mantelshelf,
with my hcad bowcd and my
were candlcs m ~hina candlesticks. All thcse I lit 1
arms over my facc, ran for thc door.
tbc fue and when 1t was buming wcll, I starcd at thc
agam.1 had my ~l~ ready in hand. I found thc 1. Were your predictions right?
css of the place snmulattng for the im2c,;n
--~~,an·on. Tue
doW at the cnd of the room seemed 1:L a
wu:: prcsence.
1
to reassure myself, walkcd with a candle into it to 2. What happened to the candles the narrator
that there was nothing tangible thcrc. had lit?
,y this time, I was consi~erably nervous, although
was no real rcason for 1t. My mind, howevcr, was
3. How did he feel when all the candles were out?
yclear. I said to mysclfthat nothing supcrnatural
dhappen.
Evcn with its sevcn candlcs, the place was mercly 4. What put out the candles?
diJD. I brought the wax candles I had seen in thc
o:,mdor and rcturncd with ten. I lit and placed them all
d. The room was now quite brightly illuminated. 5. What do you think happened to the narrator
at the end of the second part?
Towards midnight, something happencd. One by
oc thc candlcs went out. I lit them one by one, but they
on going out. lt secmed someone, or somcthing
putting them out. "Stop!" I said, '1 necd thosc
C2Ddlcs,• speaking half-hysterically, while striking a
IV. WRITING ANO SPEAKING:
tch. My hands trcmbled so much that I misscd the Writing an Ending to a Short Story
iough papcr of the matchbox. a. Write 200 words saying what you think
As I stood undecidcd, an invisible hand scemcd to happened to the narrator at the end of the
,wcep out the two candles on the table. With a cry of story, in your notebook.
tm0r, I dashed at thc alcovc, thcn into thc comer and
thcn into thc window, rclighting thrcc as two more b. Share your ending with a partner, then •
•shed by the fircplace. The shadows J fcared and with the rest of the class. Who wrote ~·
t against rcturncd, and crcpt in upon me, and my the best ending?
css dcserted me. c. Check your writing.
But thcre was light still in thc room, a red light, that
streamed across the cciling and kept off the shadows Did 1... ✓ 1 ,.
fmm me. The firc in thc clúmncy! Of course, I could ... pick up the story where it left off?
stiil rdight my candle in therc.
I tumcd to thc chimney; and the fiamcs vwslíed, ... consider the facts from the
darkncss closcd upon me likc the shutting of an eye, previous part?
cmbraced me, sealed my vision, and aushcd die ... draw on conclusions according
last vestigcs of sanity from my brain. 'Ihe candle fcll to the story?
from my hands. I flung out my arms in a vain cft"ort

41
 The Red Room (The End.......:--)-~~~
4. She wn
l. GRAMMAR: Past Perfect Continuous started again. (exercise)-- -- • ---- ~~ s~~
5. He _ _ _ _ ___
We use the past perfect continuous to focus
on
time until he started ag~~-(:----- for a1ª~9 lli
• srnoke)
the duration or the repetition of the action In
past perfect.
11. VOCABULARY: Short S
look at the pattern.
+ a. Listen to the words and repe at tory 111

-~, 1
Subject + had +verb ro be in past participle the
verb with ing +complement. ""' Jt' ' - 11\, ~
I had been cleanlng my room for hours befo
re ~~ w
re
my mom arrived at home.
re,
Notice: We can use time expressions like befo d
unti/ and when to join the sentences.
p
"1
Negative Form
We had not been working on the project until bandaged l
we knew we had to present it next week. countess
F
lnterrogative Form
Had you been cleaning before your mother
s·

arrived?
er
What had you been doing before your moth e
arrived? e

a· Complete the sentences with the past dawn

perfect continuous and the verbs in
parentheses. Use affirmative statements.
deafens '
1. Carmen was lost. She ---- =
in circles before she fo-u-nd_t_h_e_w-ay-.(-w-al-k)--

2. fMaria -:-- :-_ _ _ _ _ ve~

requently when she was a steward. (travel)
3. Claudia dusk
. h b -;-f- - : - - - - - - tea all
nig t e ore the cafetería closed. (drink)
4. Steff1i ; - - : ~ - - - - - vegetables earl
unti she broke her diet. (eat) •
S. Martín
·1 h ~ - : - - - - - - for hours
unt, e fell asleep. (study)

b. Complete the senten •

negative form ces in past perfect
1. 1 •
well when 1 intruder
crashed. (sleep) look about

2. She
when:;-:s~h-:e-=-go~t-:si--:-ck-.(-ta-ke_)__ her medicine

3. They
other-;fo-r-ye_a_rs_w_h-~h - - to each
(speak) en t ey met at the party.
lurks roll eyes

recover
i
42
 11. READING ANO LISTENING:
End of The Red Room
• Read and listen to the end of The Red Room. Who haunted it?
opcncd my eycs in daylight. My head was roughly
l b:[Link], and thc man with the withered hand
warching my face. I lookcd about me trying to
cmbcr what had happencd, and for a space I could
t recollect. I rolled my eyes into the corner and saw
old woman, no longer abstracted, no longer terrible,
·ng out sorne drops of medicine into a glass.
ere arn I?" I said. "I seem to remember you, and yet
not remember who you are.''
They told me then, and I heard of the haunted Red "Well?" they said.
Jloom as one who hears a tale. "We found you at dawn," "The worst of all the things that haunt poor mortal
"d he, "and therc was blood on your forehead and lips." men,"I said; "and that is, in all its nakedness 'Fear!'Fear
I wondcrcd why I had ever disliked him. The two that will not have light nor sound, that wil1 not bear
thcm in the daylight seemed commonplace old folle with reason, that deafens and darkens and overwhelms.
ough. lt followed me through the corridor, it fought against
lt was very slowly I recovered the memory of my me in the room ... " I stopped abruptly. There was an
·ence. "You believe now," said the old man with the interval of silence. My hand went up to my bandages.
,vithcred hand, "that the room is haunted?" He spoke "The candles went out one after another, and I fled ... "
longer as one who greets an intruder, but as one who Then the man with the withered hand spoke.
doles with a friend. "Yes,"I said, "the room is haunted." "That is it," said he. "I knew that was it. A Power of
"And you have seen it. And we who have been here Darkness. To put such a curse upon a home! lt lurks
our lives have never set eyes upon it. Because we there always. You can feel it even in a bright summer's
never dared. Tell us, is it truly the old earl who... ?" day, in the curtains, keeping behind you however you
"No," I said, "it is not." "I told you so," said the old face about. In the dusk it creeps in the corridor and
lady, with the glass in her hand. "It is his poor young follows you, so that you dare not turn. It is even as
countess who was frightened ... " "It is not," I said. you say. Fear itself is in that room. Black Fear... And
"There is neither ghost of earl nor ghost of countess in there it will be so long as this house of sin endures."
that room; there is no ghost there at all, but worse, far I had been visiting a lot of hotels for the past few years,
worse, something impalpable..." and I had never been so scared in my entire life.

IV. SPEAKING: Discussion b. Check your writing.

a. What is your opinion on the ending of the • Did 1... ✓ • X

story? Discuss with your classmates. Is it
... include a plot?
what you thought it would be? Explain.
. .. describe the confrontation?
V. WRITING: Short Story ... provide a resolution?
a. Write your own short story in your notebook. . .. combine tenses correctly?
Brainstorm sorne ideas and write them on the
... punctuate correctly what the
- -
lines.
characters said?
- - -
... use the past perfect continuo us
correctly?

43
 Module .Tes~ ..... .
..

t he prompts to write sente rtc,

IV. Use d .
tences How 5 •mp1e Past Jo· 1 ~itt
ts to write sen
? • t perfect an • 111 t~ •~"1
mp.
l. Use the pro c1ty e hanged pas
'th before.
much has the start
w5,h I wash / the dishes / she co L
1. They / build / more houses 1. e 0
it1n9_
• ¡ by 50%
2. The population / increase
market / sh
, 2_She ¡ go ¡ to the
t 3. More parks / open /
The city council

s in the square 3_They ¡ rehearse I the

play/ the
4. They / cut down / the tree

(4 marks)

4_We ¡ study / for a week I we

hav

11 Unscramble the que sf,ons./ t . d / you

ers ?
· / Have ne
1.• ever / grasshopp

k? I you I
2 ever / flown / Have ¡ to New Yor
o alterria te
v. Read the story and write tw
a negative on
3. ever / Have /París?/ visited
/ you / outcomes: a positive and
s a girl who Want~
Once upon a time, there wa
~ ~rote a song a
/ you / ? / these sing and become famous. Sh
4. been / studying / have / what src,an, carne up .
her best friend, who was a mu
past few years ntest and there Was
the music. They went to a co
. Everything seen,
mean girl who hid their guitar
(4 marks) ges found the gu·
lost. Suddenly, one of the jud
g with her friend.
111. Underline the correct
form of the verb. and gave it to the girl. She san
accident!
A: There (1,was / has been an
ed?
B: What ,2,happened / has happen
the road in front
A: A cat ,3,ran / has run out into
pivoted
of a car. The driver ,4pivoted / has
and ,s,hit I has hit a tree.
the 911?
A: 16, Had / have you called / cal/
B: 1mhad been / be waiting /
wait for an hour on
.
the phone and nobody answered
B: When ca,did it happen / has
it happened?
ending
A: About two hours ago. VI. Usten and decide the best
for the story. Check.
B: ,~Didanyone cal// Has anyone cafledfor an
am bul anc e?
1. O •..the ghosts vanished into thin air.
yet, but fina/ly somebody got the
police the children, so the
A: Nondt th 2. O ••• the puppy ran after
ey 1,o,arrived I have already arr
ived e.
a guys discovered it was a jok
8: hThids is the second accident '11'
we had / have
a tn• t h·1s month. 3. O... they escaped from the cem
etery in
anything
terror and never again said
ed that nig ht.
(10 marks) about what happen
4 O ·••• rt was a strange dream tha
t one of the
•
guys of the story had.
5
t scared by a
• O •••Peter ant d Wendy go
44 rea l ghos
...~···... ::: .... ..... _ -- .... :::
,..~•--
:;-:···~···
., .::: ...

Module ji_

ioffltfri·tiomals

,.
.Vocabulary: :;/,:: ,'·. .f
7
• Global Warní_iríif<'·\ ·, •
•,,'.iÉrlrfm-~i{ur!hit ;(" . ·•.,
Jlo~-:-·.-I M , ~penments ~•,~; . .;.: ...
.rsu-ªsiv~:_Parágra :·_. [Link] WasfeH;,;;,~~-
a~
-~iting Emai!lr·~:/. , .. :., . • HÓlid~ys (Br~ish / Ameri~n <
•
~I
. riting lti'i;f~.tY r. ·,4~'. \,: ~-" ·~·e 1: ·h.) •
~ ·t 1'_19 1~.-. _,.
.. :1 .. ~;... -:.: ;·I
, , • •- r-;)f!~-··t~~~~7'~:~:; ..
.riti~g ~:Narr~_ti~e Paragrap- ·~• :[Link] for Voting • •
'l
a
riting Descriptive Paragra ~·;,eJeryday Life •;• :
-.~ .ii . .
,.:'r -:: •
~ ·' Fantastic Situations
1 Rea :;-"·_;._ .
......1;;.\}:~.-,;:;./-_,·_.·. •;>Y- •
Browse;What'makes a 1

~
~' Listening for specifJs. •.· súperh·e~o?~ Réad·one,of the
", information !l.t '.' ••
artides or·watch one ohhe videos.
.•• Ú~eningJor d~~Ji • ifkswetthe q~~11ioné • ·•
' : .,. ~~~Jquence [• Ustening and •con_nec:ting ideás -~- • ' ·- . •

·,. :;~_lt.t~~ :~-:~~~~~

• Scanmng ,,¡
ideas
:• • ldentifying targ~üañgu:~ge:,,.t
i . .
'. Speaking:
-~?i·_·(.;;;~·: ......~~-:·,
•; --· ·--
~twh1t ar;,th~-q~:álities.
}''. süp~rhéróes have?
f... . Why is there a need for
·~
,,
more_;.
. ... ~--·
\i • lnfe~g vocabulary •

t •l,dent!fyi~g targ~ _language .M .•

~
Di~~u_s~9, a tppic 9.!ven .
• Pract1cmg a role-play ·• ·
,.!;,f:diversity in superheroes?
~ - ''i.'':"' • • Presenting a topic
~ {~-· ~'I"• Delivering a speech
,,

, l . -·
45

... ... ...

 lf che Polar Caps Melc...
11. VOCABULARY: Global W
l. GRAMMAR: Zero Conditional a. Listen to the words and repeat • arfl'l¡~f'\"
or truths.
Zero conditionals are used to state facts ~'
~ --- •
Ali conditionals are formed by two clau
clause and the main clause.
ses: the if
' '~
lf }'OU put ice under the sun, it melts.
the main
The if clause carries the condition and
clause carries the consequence.
n
lf you put ice under the sun, = conditio
it melts. = consequence
, but if
The order does not affect the meaning
comma
you start with an if, you have to write a
se. lf you start with
before starting the main clau
ssar y.
the main clause, the comma is not nece
lf you put ice under the sun, it me/ts.
Ice melts if you put it under the sun.
ses
In the case of zero conditionals, both clau
are in the simple present.
lf you put ice under the sun, it me/ts.

a. Read the statements. Place a comma

where needed.
1. lf you don 't water a plant it dies.
2. You gain weight if you eat too much.
3. lf you drink enough water you are healthy.
4. You are tired if you don't sleep properly.
.
S. lf you exercise you oxygenate your body

b. Read the phrases and write true and

dition).
correct statements (consequence+con
gh water, _ _ __
1. lf plants don't get enou

2. lf you go out, - - - - - -

3• lf you place an egg in vinegar, _ _ _ __ b. Classify the words into the correct categ
ory. l
adverbs:

4. lf the tide rises, ________ verbs:

S. lf you leave trash at the beach , ____ nouns:

l
compounds:
~

---- --·- -
-

46
 •••

otNG: Global Warming

111• Rl:A
d the text, Underli ne the information you conslder to be more relevant.
,. Reª What Happens lf the Polar Caps Melt?
ople think about polar caps melting, they lmmedlately thlnk of water levels rlsing.
1 A/Jltfl pe
r II Is more !han Just that. The metung ol the caps has a dlrect lmpact lhe
,y y ~aweveh~at lncreases, the lnuits lrom lhe Northem Hemtsphere experience alack In on means
r. lf~~msetves. They depend on lee as ameans ot transportaUon and hunllng. Also, lhe
...=,urinportchan
t ge ¡0 global weather makes it dlfflcult for them to predlct condltlons through the
5 or currents.
, c;10ud 15 more. 11 the permafrost melts, lt Will ralease anclent bacteria and vlnrses trapped
sut u,ere 30dsoil tor hundreds of years. These untrozen vlruses coutd make humans and anlmals
111111 ;et • k Other things lhat get released Hthe permafro
st melis are gases, such as melhane
el)' !~¡~xide. 11 lhe permafrost lhaws, lhese uases will be released and they will adhere to
carbº1warming cycle. .
_.wemus
gl0b3 1do something now to stop th1s catastrophe trom continuing.

the text again and answer the questions. b. Listen again and answer the ques~~ns.
b,
1. Read
What ehanges if the polar caps melt? 1. What happens if we stop using car ·

do the lnuits from the Northern

2, Wha~
Hem1sphere experience if the heat increases?
2. How do we pressure bran ds t O 5t 0
P Polluting?

5 permafrost bacteria cause if it is

3• What dd?oe
release • 3. What happens if we change our d.,et.?

• h gases will be released if the permafrost

4. Wh1c 4. What happens if we buy less clothes?
thaws?

• sornething you can do to stop global

5. Wnte
warming. V. SPEAKING ANO WRITING:
Global Warming
a. Discuss with your partner different ways
to stop global warming.
IV. LISTENING: Expert on Global \{ we. re.c':fle. clothe.5, we. he.'f> the. e.nv1ro~[Link].
Warming b. Gather all of your suggestions and wnte
a Listen to the audio and number the a 120-word paragraph in your note~ook,
• pictures as they are mentioned. warning people of the dangers of cl,~[Link]
change. lnclude facts using zero cond1t1onal.

D'd
1 1... ✓ X
. ..start the paragraph with a main idea?

... support the main idea with

supporting sentences?
... end the paragraph with a
concluding sentence?

47
 Good Habits of successful Entrepreneurs
11. READING ANO LISTENI
l. GRAMMAR: Cause and Effect Habits of Successful Ent ~G: (l
repr@ ~fl..
• n erl' 'l,..~
a· Read and listen to the text u d
F,rst con,:lt1"nal ,s used tó expres5 real
[Link] to real causes. statements written in first cond' • 1"• t~ "tl
., - -- it1ona1• '
The mJin clJuse is in future tense and the 1
ne: measure ofcntrcprcncurial succ-.11
clau~e is ,n present simple.
lf >.:u study for th~ c,.M1, }'OU ~íll pass.
.
¡
O as a leader, wh'ch
1 to J011r
comea down ---
' rcsults. Success cannot happen when 1~
For statements starting WITH the if clause, you haphazard, hit-or-~H fashion. Eft "~~ ~
have to include a comma. discipline and routme,_ not talent or gen¡u. it
lf I finish 3tl ;.-y homewJrk, I wi11 go to the charactcristics of effecnve cntreproneun: • lfeat-..
PJ ..:y eJrí:c:r.
Visionar}' l\lindset
1wi!I go tv tr.o pa;ty earlier if I finish my Successful cntreprcncurs spend time thint.;__
and visioning. Being innovativc comes Da'"- -,
ho:-r.e,\-·ork. discipline ourselves to enjoy the process or; :.' ~
discovery. Toe most effectivc entrcprcneura dart lll
a. Complete the conditionals with the correct and turn their dreams into a reality. to
form of the verbs in parentheses.
1. lf they _ _ _ hard, they _ _ __ Early Start
Toe most effective entreprcncurs rise carly. .1.v,11,~,.:ll!lll
the championship. (train) (win) their day with sorne fonn of physical activi
2. lf Stanley _ _ _ properly, he _ __ blood pumping and their mind alert and ~Jíf l:,
early and with ajurnp on thcir day, thcywill gct.
in good shape. (eat) (be)
before others arrive.
3. lf I _ _ _ alittle ever¡ day, 1_ _ __
On Schedule
excellent grades. (study) (get) Successful entrepreneurs increasc cft"cctivcncsa
scheduled. They put their responsibilitics first
4. lf you _ _ _ enough water, you
activities second. If they schedule social tune
_ _ _ _ dehydrated. (drink) (not / be) their day when work prcssures are oft thcywill at
S. lf Lydia _ _ _ _ an hour a day, she _ Adequate Sleep
__ _ that musical piece. (practice) (master) Successful entreprencurs appreciatc thc impo
Th~ more sleep they gct, the sharpcr, moie
b. Write first conditional sentences from the available, and mentally on point thcy tend to
sleep increases emotional reactivity and ~
prompts. tolerance. If poor sleeping pattcms are left
1. sleep eight hours / rest effectiveness and success becornc impossible.,
\t :f4 $1€ ef> e!9bt bol\C$ eve~ o&±, ~u'11 ce 5t.
Simplicity
2. save money / have enough by year-end. Succe_ssful cntrepreneurs swcar simpli~
cffc~vcncs~. 'Ihey follow simple ,et
Crcatmg simple routines hclps them
workloads that are beyond what thcy can • i i
3. stay out under the rain / get sick If they _arcn't overwhelmed with stres s,•
productiVe. 1In!
Prioritize Journaling
~e most effective entrcprencun , . .
4. not wear sunscreen / get sunburned un~rtant to thcm, thc things that wcre ~
thcir day, and ideas on how they can •
calrns
di thc cmotions causcd by- .. r
•u-o
a scoMcct from clcctronic deviccs
5. not stop at the red light/ get a fine fully unplug.
Flexibility
Succcssful ~ntrcprencurs undcntand
6. eat too many carbs / put on weight they'rc flexible enough to pivot on
unforaeen or changing •
to
a1sochange WI~o
.J:_......! • [Link].l
n mcreu a their
enhanccs thcir own leaming,

48
:,:,··...
...

-prcncurs make it a habit to be opc

'(f • ~ eOu" . lifi d. n
~, ttfecO\: vcnrrhing m e an m their ficld of
,,· ¡pt .k/'lut e • r d . ., .
f iO . lJ) ,wv rcrnain open an cunous, it s •mpossiblc
·J \-úfl"1 1JSe theY ·ve rcscrvoirs. Curiosiry is just anothcr
, , sf\, . cr~:itt . ffi .
, : • 1J¡elf 'b tes to the1r e ccttvcncss.
~fl C()flfíl U
, ~e ----------1!1~
,f1
fi . to the text, what are sorne
Acco~diri;abits you should have if you want
b· positlve essful? Ust them in your notebook.
be s1.1cc
tO

vocABULARY: Entrepreneurship
111, kto the text from the Reading
,. Gº ~ac arid infer the meaning of the words
1
sect ~; Then, label the pictures.
in bO •

b. Once you check the words, listen and

repeat them.

IV. SPEAKING: Being Successful • e

a. Discuss the following statement with • 11
your partner.
"lf you work hard, you are always successful."
What is your point of view?
Is it always true?

V. WRITING: Conditional Sentences

l+ld a. Write five halves of conditional sentences
in your notebook for your partner to
complete. Exchange notebooks and
complete the halves.

Did 1... ✓ X
.

. . .write the verbs in the correct tenses?

... write the comma where it goes?

----- ... express my ideas clearly?

... understand what my classmate wrote?

49
b