HTML Notes – Chapter 1
Introduction to HTML
1. What is HTML?
- HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language.
- It is the standard language for creating webpages.
- It tells the browser how to display content such as text, images, links, audio, and video.
- HTML is not a programming language; it is a markup language that structures content.
2. Features of HTML
- Simple and easy to learn.
- Uses tags (like <p>, <h1>, <img>) to structure content.
- Works with CSS (for design) and JavaScript (for interactivity).
- Platform independent (works on all browsers).
- Free and open standard.
3. Structure of an HTML Document
Every HTML page follows a standard structure:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>My First Page</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to HTML</h1>
<p>This is my first webpage.</p>
</body>
</html>
4. HTML Tags
- HTML uses tags enclosed in < >.
- Most tags come in pairs: <p> This is a paragraph. </p>
- Some are self-closing tags: <br>, <img>, <hr>
<h1>This is a Heading</h1>
<p>This is a paragraph.</p>
<img src="flower.jpg" alt="Flower Image">
5. Basic Tags Overview
Tag Description
<h1> to <h6> Headings (largest to smallest)
<p> Paragraph
<br> Line Break
<hr> Horizontal Line
<b>, <i>, <u> Bold, Italic, Underline
<a> Hyperlink
<img> Image
<ul>, <ol>, <li> Lists (unordered/ordered)
<table> Table
6. Example for Classroom
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Class Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome Students</h1>
<p>HTML is used to design web pages.</p>
<hr>
<h2>Topics Covered</h2>
<ul>
<li>Introduction</li>
<li>Tags</li>
<li>Structure</li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>
7. Key Points for Teachers
- Emphasize that HTML is the foundation of web development.
- Show practical examples while teaching.
- Encourage students to type and run code in a browser.
- Start with simple tags before moving to advanced concepts.
