American International University- Bangladesh (AIUB)
Lab Report Title: Study of Digital to Analog Conversion using MATLAB
Lab Report No: 06 Date of 31-08-2025
Submission:
Course Title: Data Communication Section: B
Semester: Summer 2024-25 Course Teacher: Dr. Muhammad Morshed
Alam
Group No: 3
SL Name ID Marks
1 Touhidul Islam Masfi 22-49559-3
2 Arafat Hossain 22-49039-3
3 Md. Unisa Mahadi 21-45405-3
4 Sadia Hossain 22-48461-3
5 Ruhi Barua 22-48496-3
Objective:
This experiment is designed to understand the use of MATLAB for solving communication
engineering problems and to develop a basic understanding of digital-to-analog conversion
techniques such as ASK, FSK, and PSK using MATLAB for simulation and analysis.
Theory:
DIGITAL TO ANALOG CONVERSION: Digital to analog conversion is the process of
changing one of the characteristics of an analog signal based on the information in digital data
Figure bellow shows the relationship between digital information, the digital to analog modulating
process, and the resultant analog signal.
TYPES OF DIGITAL TO ANALOG CONVERSION:
ASK: In amplitude shift keying, the amplitude of the carrier signal is varied to create signal
elements Both frequency and phase remain constant while the amplitude changes.
Implementation of binary ASK:
FSK: In frequency shift keying, the frequency of the carrier signal is varied to represent data The
frequency of the modulated signal is constant for the duration of one signal element, but changes for
the next signal element if the data element changes Both peak amplitude and phase remain constant
for all signal elements.
Implementation of BFSK:
PSK: In phase shift keying, the phase of the carrier is varied to represent two or more different
signal elements Both peak amplitude and frequency remain constant as the phase changes Today,
PSK is more common than ASK or FSK. However, we will see shortly that QAM, which combines
ASK and PSK, is the dominant method of digital to analog modulation.
Implementation of BPSK:
Performance Task:
ID: 22-49559-3
So,
E = 5 = 35h = [0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1]
F = 5 = 35h = [0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1]
G = 9 = 39h = [0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1]
Code for 8-ASK,8-FSK,8-PSK:
close all;
clc;
x = [0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1, 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1, 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1];
nx=length(x)/3;
i=1;
while i<nx+1
b1 = x(3*(i-1)+1);
b2 = x(3*(i-1)+2);
b3 = x(3*(i-1)+3);
if b1==0 && b2==0 && b3==0
A=0; f=1; phi=0;
elseif b1==0 && b2==0 && b3==1
A=1; f=2; phi=pi/4;
elseif b1==0 && b2==1 && b3==0
A=2; f=3; phi=3*pi/4;
elseif b1==0 && b2==1 && b3==1
A=3; f=4; phi=pi/2;
elseif b1==1 && b2==0 && b3==0
A=4; f=5; phi=-pi/4;
elseif b1==1 && b2==0 && b3==1
A=5; f=6; phi=-pi/2;
elseif b1==1 && b2==1 && b3==0
A=6; f=7; phi=pi;
else % 111
A=7; f=8; phi=-3*pi/4;
end
t = i:0.001:i+1;
% signals
ask = A .* sin(2*pi*2*t);%ASK
fsk = 5 .* sin(2*pi*f*t);%FSK
psk = 5 .* sin(2*pi*2*t + phi);%PSK
subplot(3,1,1);
plot(t,ask);
hold on; grid on;
axis([1 9 -10 10]);
title('8-ASK Modulation');
subplot(3,1,2);
plot(t,fsk);
hold on; grid on;
axis([1 9 -10 10]);
title('8-FSK Modulation');
subplot(3,1,3);
plot(t,psk);
hold on; grid on;
axis([1 9 -10 10]);
title('8-PSK Modulation');
i=i+1;
end
OUTPUT:
Discussion and Conclusion:
This lab experiment helped us learn how digital data can be converted into analog signals using
different modulation techniques. We used MATLAB to simulate and analyze methods like ASK,
FSK, and PSK. By doing this, we understood how each modulation works and how it changes the
amplitude, frequency, or phase of a signal to represent digital data. We also saw the importance of
selecting the appropriate modulation method depending on factors like signal , bandwidth, and
communication requirements. In conclusion, the experiment gave us practical knowledge about
how digital information is transmitted in communication systems.
References:
[1] B. A. Forouzan, Data Communication and Networking, 5th ed.
[2] Department of Computer Engineering, Data_Comm_EXP_6_Student_Manual.docx, COE
3201: Data Communication Laboratory, American International University-Bangladesh
(AIUB), Dhaka, Bangladesh, 2025.
