Advance Cryptography
with Python
by
Dr.Mohammed Mahdi
PH.D in Cyber security
Sem 2
Lab 3
RC4 Algorithm 1
import codecs
MOD = 256
def KSA(key):
key_length = len(key)
# create the array "S"
S = list(range(MOD)) # [0,1,2, ... , 255]
j = 0
for i in range(MOD):
j = (j + S[i] + key[i % key_length]) %
MOD
S[i], S[j] = S[j], S[i] # swap values
return S
def PRGA(S):
i = 0
j = 0
while True:
i = (i + 1) % MOD
j = (j + S[i]) % MOD
S[i], S[j] = S[j], S[i] # swap values
K = S[(S[i] + S[j]) % MOD]
yield K
def get_keystream(key):
''' Takes the encryption key to get the
keystream using PRGA
return object is a generator
'''
S = KSA(key)
return PRGA(S)
def encrypt_logic(key, text):
''' :key -> encryption key used for
encrypting, as hex string
:text -> array of unicode values/ byte
string to encrpyt/decrypt
'''
# For plaintext key, use this
key = [ord(c) for c in key]
# If key is in hex:
# key = codecs.decode(key, 'hex_codec')
# key = [c for c in key]
keystream = get_keystream(key)
res = []
for c in text:
val = ("%02X" % (c ^ next(keystream)))
# XOR and taking hex
res.append(val)
return ''.join(res)
def encrypt(key, plaintext):
''' :key -> encryption key used for
encrypting, as hex string
:plaintext -> plaintext string to
encrpyt
'''
plaintext = [ord(c) for c in plaintext]
return encrypt_logic(key, plaintext)
def decrypt(key, ciphertext):
''' :key -> encryption key used for
encrypting, as hex string
:ciphertext -> hex encoded ciphered
text using RC4
'''
ciphertext = codecs.decode(ciphertext,
'hex_codec')
res = encrypt_logic(key, ciphertext)
return codecs.decode(res,
'hex_codec').decode('utf-8')
def main():
key = 'not-so-random-key' # plaintext
plaintext = 'Good work! Your implementation
is correct' # plaintext
# encrypt the plaintext, using key and RC4
algorithm
ciphertext = encrypt(key, plaintext)
print('plaintext:', plaintext)
print('ciphertext:', ciphertext)
# ..
# Let's check the implementation
# ..
ciphertext =
'2D7FEE79FFCE80B7DDB7BDA5A7F878CE298615'\
'476F86F3B890FD4746BE2D8F741395F884B4A35CE979'
# change ciphertext to string again
decrypted = decrypt(key, ciphertext)
print('decrypted:', decrypted)
if plaintext == decrypted:
print('\nCongrats ! You made it.')
else:
print('Shit! You pooped your pants ! .-
.')
# until next time folks !
def test():
# Test case 1
# key = '4B6579' # 'Key' in hex
# key = 'Key'
# plaintext = 'Plaintext'
# ciphertext = 'BBF316E8D940AF0AD3'
assert(encrypt('Key', 'Plaintext')) ==
'BBF316E8D940AF0AD3'
assert(decrypt('Key',
'BBF316E8D940AF0AD3')) == 'Plaintext'
# Test case 2
# key = 'Wiki' # '57696b69'in hex
# plaintext = 'pedia'
# ciphertext should be 1021BF0420
assert(encrypt('Wiki', 'pedia')) ==
'1021BF0420'
assert(decrypt('Wiki', '1021BF0420')) ==
'pedia'
# Test case 3
# key = 'Secret' # '536563726574' in hex
# plaintext = 'Attack at dawn'
# ciphertext should be
45A01F645FC35B383552544B9BF5
assert(encrypt('Secret',
'Attack at dawn')) ==
'45A01F645FC35B383552544B9BF5'
assert(decrypt('Secret',
'45A01F645FC35B383552544B9BF5')) == 'Attack at
dawn'
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
RC4 Algorithm 2
def key_scheduling(key):
sched = [i for i in range(0, 256)]
i = 0
for j in range(0, 256):
i = (i + sched[j] + key[j % len(key)])
% 256
tmp = sched[j]
sched[j] = sched[i]
sched[i] = tmp
return sched
def stream_generation(sched):
stream = []
i = 0
j = 0
while True:
i = (1 + i) % 256
j = (sched[i] + j) % 256
tmp = sched[j]
sched[j] = sched[i]
sched[i] = tmp
yield sched[(sched[i] + sched[j]) %
256]
def encrypt(text, key):
text = [ord(char) for char in text]
key = [ord(char) for char in key]
sched = key_scheduling(key)
key_stream = stream_generation(sched)
ciphertext = ''
for char in text:
enc = str(hex(char ^
next(key_stream))).upper()
ciphertext += (enc)
return ciphertext
def decrypt(ciphertext, key):
ciphertext = ciphertext.split('0X')[1:]
ciphertext = [int('0x' + c.lower(), 0) for
c in ciphertext]
key = [ord(char) for char in key]
sched = key_scheduling(key)
key_stream = stream_generation(sched)
plaintext = ''
for char in ciphertext:
dec = str(chr(char ^ next(key_stream)))
plaintext += dec
return plaintext
if __name__ == '__main__':
ed = input('Enter E for Encrypt, or D for
Decrypt: ').upper()
if ed == 'E':
plaintext = input('Enter your
plaintext: ')
key = input('Enter your secret key: ')
result = encrypt(plaintext, key)
print('Result: ')
print(result)
elif ed == 'D':
ciphertext = input('Enter your
ciphertext: ')
key = input('Enter your secret key: ')
result = decrypt(ciphertext, key)
print('Result: ')
print(result)
else:
print('Error in input - try again.')
