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Java Handwritten Notes

Java is a high-level, object-oriented programming language known for its platform independence, robustness, and security. Key concepts include JDK, JRE, and JVM for development and execution, as well as data types, type casting, inheritance, method overloading/overriding, constructors, abstract classes/interfaces, exception handling, packages, and access modifiers. These features and concepts collectively enhance code organization, reusability, and error management.

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48 views12 pages

Java Handwritten Notes

Java is a high-level, object-oriented programming language known for its platform independence, robustness, and security. Key concepts include JDK, JRE, and JVM for development and execution, as well as data types, type casting, inheritance, method overloading/overriding, constructors, abstract classes/interfaces, exception handling, packages, and access modifiers. These features and concepts collectively enhance code organization, reusability, and error management.

Uploaded by

yallappakolur31
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1. What is Java? Explain its features.

Java is a high-level, object-oriented programming language developed by Sun Microsystems.


Features:
- Platform Independent
- Object-Oriented
- Robust
- Secure
- Multithreaded
- Portable
- High Performance

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2. Explain the concept of JDK, JRE, and JVM.

JDK (Java Development Kit): Includes tools for developing Java programs (compiler, debugger).
JRE (Java Runtime Environment): Provides libraries and JVM to run Java programs.
JVM (Java Virtual Machine): Executes Java bytecode on any machine.

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3. What are data types in Java?

Data types specify the type of data a variable can hold.


- Primitive types: int, float, double, char, boolean, byte, short, long
- Non-primitive types: String, Arrays, Classes, Interfaces

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4. Explain the concept of type casting in Java.

Type casting is converting one data type into another.


- Implicit (widening): int to float
- Explicit (narrowing): double to int (requires casting)

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5. What is the difference between == and equals() in Java?

== compares object references (memory location).


equals() compares actual content of objects (e.g., in Strings).

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6. Explain the concept of inheritance in Java.

Inheritance is a mechanism where one class acquires the properties and behaviors of another.
Uses 'extends' keyword.
Promotes code reusability.

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7. What is method overloading and method overriding?

Overloading: Same method name with different parameters (within same class).
Overriding: Subclass provides specific implementation of a superclass method.

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8. What is constructor? Explain its types.

Constructor: Special method used to initialize objects.


Types:
- Default constructor
- Parameterized constructor

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9. Explain the concept of abstract class and interface.

Abstract class: Contains abstract methods (without body) and concrete methods. Cannot be
instantiated.
Interface: All methods are abstract (till Java 7), used to achieve multiple inheritance.

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10. What is exception handling in Java?

Exception handling is managing runtime errors using try, catch, throw, throws, and finally.
Ensures program doesn't crash unexpectedly.

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11. What are packages in Java?

Packages are a way to group related classes and interfaces.


Helps in organizing code and avoiding name conflicts.

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12. Explain access modifiers in Java.

Access modifiers control the scope of variables, methods, and classes.


Types:
- private
- default
- protected
- public

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