Assignment 1: Problem Solving and Programming (PSP)
PART – A (5 Marks Each)
1. Define an algorithm. Write an algorithm and draw a flowchart to check whether the
number is divisible by 7.
Definition:
An algorithm is a step-by-step procedure or set of instructions designed to perform a specific
task or solve a particular problem.
Algorithm:
1. Start
2. Input a number n
3. If n % 7 == 0, then
Print “Number is divisible by 7”
Else
Print “Number is not divisible by 7”
4. Stop
Flowchart:
┌────────────┐
│ Start │
└─────┬──────┘
│
┌─────▼──────┐
│ Input n │
└─────┬──────┘
│
┌─────▼──────┐
│ n % 7 == 0?│
└───┬───┬────┘
│ │
Yes ──┘ └── No
│ │
▼ ▼
Print “Divisible” Print “Not Divisible”
│
▼
┌──────┐
│ Stop │
└──────┘
2. Explain the basic structure of a C program with an example.
Structure of a C program:
1. Documentation Section – contains comments about the program.
2. Preprocessor Section – includes header files.
3. Global Declaration Section – variables declared outside main().
4. main() Function Section – execution starts from here.
5. Subprogram Section – user-defined functions.
Example:
#include <stdio.h> // Preprocessor section
int main() // main function
{
int a, b, sum; // variable declaration
printf("Enter two numbers: ");
scanf("%d%d", &a, &b);
sum = a + b;
printf("Sum = %d", sum);
return 0;
}
3. What are constants in C? Write 2 ways to define a constant.
Definition:
A constant is a fixed value that does not change during program execution.
Two ways to define constants:
Using #define preprocessor directive:
#define PI 3.14159
1.
Using const keyword:
const int MAX = 100;
2.
4. Differentiate between while and do-while loops with suitable examples.
While Loop Do-While Loop
Condition is checked before executing the Condition is checked after executing the loop
loop body. body.
May execute 0 or more times. Executes at least once.
Example: Example:
```c ```c
int i=1; int i=1;
while(i<=5){ do{
printf("%d ",i); printf("%d ",i);
i++; i++;
} }while(i<=5);
``` ```
5. Define an operator. State any 2 types of operators with examples.
Definition:
An operator is a symbol that performs an operation on one or more operands.
Types and Examples:
1. Arithmetic Operators:
+ , - , * , / , %
Example: sum = a + b;
2. Relational Operators:
== , != , > , < , >= , <=
Example: if(a > b)
6. Write a C program to read two numbers and display their sum and difference.
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a, b, sum, diff;
printf("Enter two numbers: ");
scanf("%d%d", &a, &b);
sum = a + b;
diff = a - b;
printf("Sum = %d\n", sum);
printf("Difference = %d\n", diff);
return 0;
}
PART – B (10 Marks Each)
7. Write a C program to check whether a given number is even or odd using an if-else
statement.
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int n;
printf("Enter a number: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
if(n % 2 == 0)
printf("%d is Even", n);
else
printf("%d is Odd", n);
return 0;
}
8. Write a C program to calculate the factorial of a number using a for loop.
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int n, i;
long long fact = 1;
printf("Enter a number: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
for(i = 1; i <= n; i++)
fact *= i;
printf("Factorial of %d = %lld", n, fact);
return 0;
}
9. Write a C program to display the series 1 2 3 4 5 … n (where n is entered by the user).
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int n, i;
printf("Enter the value of n: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
for(i = 1; i <= n; i++)
printf("%d ", i);
return 0;
}
10. Write a C program to check whether a number is prime or not using a for loop.
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int n, i, count = 0;
printf("Enter a number: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
if(n <= 1)
printf("%d is not a prime number.", n);
else
{
for(i = 2; i <= n/2; i++)
{
if(n % i == 0)
{
count = 1;
break;
}
}
if(count == 0)
printf("%d is a prime number.", n);
else
printf("%d is not a prime number.", n);
}
return 0;
}
