# File handling
#Opening the file in r mode- returns eroor if doesnt exist
#Syntax f = open(filename, mode)
f=open('python.txt','r')#print (f.read())
print (f.read(5))
for line in f:
print(line)
#creating a file
# write mode overwrites the exixting file if it exists or creates a new
one if it doesnt
f1=open('python.txt','w')
f1.write("This is the last chapter")
f1.write("We are learning file handling")
f1.close()
f2=open('python2.txt','w')
f2.write("This is the last chapter")
f2=open('python2.txt','r')
print(f2.read())
#append lines to a file
f3=open('python2.txt','a')
f3.write(" \n This is added to the file at end")
f3.close()
#open in read write mode and take file pointer back to start
file=open('test.txt','w+')
file.write("Hello world")
file.seek(0)
data=file.read()
print(data)
file.close()
#read write mode r+
file=open('test.txt','r+')
file.write("Hello world")
#file.seek(0)
data=file.read()
print(data)
file.close()
#a+ reading and writing
file=open('test.txt','a+')
file.write("Hello world!!!!!!!!!!")
#file.seek(0)
data=file.read()
print(data)
file.close()
#read ist line of file
file=open('test.txt','r')
#to print ist line
line=file.readline()
# to print all lines
for line in file:
print(line)
file=open('test.txt','r')
print(file.readlines())
file.close()
L = ["This is Delhi \n", "This is Paris \n", "This is London \n"]
# Creating a file
file1=open("myfile.txt", "w")
# Writing data to a file
file1.write("Hello \n")
file1.writelines(L)
file1.close()
f= open("myfile.txt", "r")
print(f.read())
Exception handling in python
#exceptions in Python
y=20
print(y)
i=2
if i==0:
raise Exception("i should not be zero")
x=y/i # ZeroDivisionError
print(x)
try:
x=10
y=0
x=x/y
print(x)
except ZeroDivisionError as zd_error:
print(zd_error)
# gives FileNotFoundError
#f=open("abc.txt",'r')
#f.read()
print("hello")
#print(y)) #syntax error
#Try : To keep code segment under check. kit executes till ist
exception is encountered
#except: segment to handle exeption after catching it
#else: run this when no exception exists
#finally: run this no matter what happens(excption or no exception)
# raise: to throw an exception if a condition occurs.
try:
f=open("abc.txt",'r')
f.read()
print("inside try")
except:
print("Couldnt open the file")
print("hiiiii")
try:
f=open("abcde.txt",'r')
f.read()
except FileNotFoundError as fnf_error:
print(fnf_error)
#try except else
try:
f=open("abcd.txt",'w+')
f.write("hello world")
#data=f.read()
except FileNotFoundError as fnf_error:
print(fnf_error)
else:
print("Printing file contents")
f=open("abcd.txt",'r')
data=f.read()
print(data)
finally:
print("End of program")
#user defined exception
class InvalidMarks(Exception):
pass
marks=10
try:
if marks<0 or marks>100:
raise InvalidMarks
except InvalidMarks:
print("Enter marks between 0 and 100")
else:
print("Marks=",marks)
#other way
marks1=2000
if marks1<0 or marks1>200:
raise Exception("Invalid marks!. Enter marks between 1 to 200")
print(marks1)
#learning Exception in python
def fun(a,b):
try:
c=(a+b)/(a-b)
except ZeroDivisionError as zero_div:
print(zero_div)
else:
print(c)
finally:
print("i will always execute")
fun(2,3)
fun(3,3)
fun(2,4)
