CLAT 2026 - Quantitative Techniques
Formula Sheet
1. Percentages
Percentage = (Value / Total Value) × 100
Increase by x% then decrease by y% = Net change = (x - y - xy/100)%
Convert Fraction to Percentage: (Numerator ÷ Denominator) × 100
2. Profit & Loss
Profit = Selling Price - Cost Price
Loss = Cost Price - Selling Price
Profit% = (Profit / Cost Price) × 100
Loss% = (Loss / Cost Price) × 100
Selling Price = Cost Price × (100 + Profit%)/100
Selling Price = Cost Price × (100 - Loss%)/100
3. Ratio & Proportion
If a:b = c:d, then a/b = c/d
Compound Ratio: (a:b) × (c:d) = (a×c):(b×d)
Mixture Rule: (Quantity1 × Price1 + Quantity2 × Price2) ÷ (Quantity1 + Quantity2)
4. Averages
Average = Sum of observations ÷ Number of observations
Weighted Average = (w1x1 + w2x2 + ... + wnxn) ÷ (w1 + w2 + ... + wn)
5. Time, Speed & Distance
Speed = Distance ÷ Time
Distance = Speed × Time
Time = Distance ÷ Speed
If two objects move in same direction: Relative Speed = (u - v) km/hr
If opposite direction: Relative Speed = (u + v) km/hr
Convert: 1 km/hr = (5/18) m/s, 1 m/s = (18/5) km/hr
6. Simple & Compound Interest
SI = (P × R × T) ÷ 100
CI = P × (1 + R/100)^T - P
Difference between CI and SI (2 years) = P × (R/100)^2
7. Data Interpretation Tips
Read carefully units and scale.
Approximation technique for quick calculation.
Compare ratios instead of exact values for speed.
