mensuration math formulas
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Mensuration in mathematics deals with the measurement of geometric figures. It involves calculating lengths, areas, and volumes
of various shapes, both two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D). Here's a breakdown of common formulas:
2D Shapes:
Rectangle:
Area: length × width (A = l × w)
Perimeter: 2 × (length + width) (P = 2 × (l + w))
Square:
Area: side × side (A = s²)
Perimeter: 4 × side (P = 4s)
Triangle:
Area: ½ × base × height (A = ½bh)
Perimeter: Sum of all sides (P = a + b + c)
Circle:
Area: π × radius² (A = πr²)
Circumference: 2 × π × radius (C = 2πr)
Parallelogram:
Area: base × height (A = bh)
Perimeter: 2 × (a + b)
Trapezium:
Area: ½ × (sum of parallel sides) × height (A = ½(a + b)h)
Perimeter: Sum of all sides (a + b + c + d)
Rhombus:
Area: ½ × diagonal1 × diagonal2 (A = ½d1d2)
Perimeter: 4 × side
3D Shapes:
Cube:
Surface Area: 6 × side² (SA = 6s²)
Volume: side³ (V = s³)
Cuboid:
Surface Area: 2 × (lw + wh + lh) (SA = 2(lw + wh + lh))
Volume: length × width × height (V = lwh)
Cylinder:
Curved Surface Area: 2 × π × radius × height (CSA = 2πrh)
Total Surface Area: 2 × π × radius × (height + radius) (TSA = 2πr(r+h))
Volume: π × radius² × height (V = πr²h)
Cone:
Curved Surface Area: π × radius × slant height (CSA = πrl)
Total Surface Area: π × radius × (slant height + radius) (TSA = πr(l+r))
Volume: ⅓ × π × radius² × height (V = ⅓πr²h)
Sphere:
Surface Area: 4 × π × radius² (SA = 4πr²)
Volume: 4/3 × π × radius³ (V = 4/3πr³)
Hemisphere:
Curved Surface Area: 2 × π × radius² (CSA = 2πr²)
Total Surface Area: 3 × π × radius² (TSA = 3πr²)
Volume: 2/3 × π × radius³ (V = ⅔πr³)
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