JAVA
🚀 Java Learning Roadmap for You
This structured roadmap will take you from beginner to advanced in Java.
Since you're a [Link] CSBS student, I'll also include real-world
applications and projects to help you apply Java concepts.
📌 Phase 1: Java Basics (1-2 Weeks)
✅ 1. Getting Started
🔹 Install JDK & Set up IDE (Done ✅)
🔹 Write and run your first Java program (Hello, World!) (Done ✅)
✅ 2. Core Java Concepts
🔹 Data Types & Variables
🔹 Operators in Java (+, -, *, /, %, ==, &&, ||) (Done ✅)
🔹 Control Statements (if-else, switch-case)
🔹 Loops (for, while, do-while)
🎯 Task: Build a simple calculator using Java.
📌 Phase 2: Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) (2-3 Weeks)
✅ 3. OOP Concepts
🔹 Classes & Objects
🔹 Constructors & Methods
🔹 Inheritance (extends keyword)
🔹 Polymorphism (Method Overloading & Overriding)
🔹 Encapsulation (private, public, protected)
🔹 Abstraction (abstract classes, interfaces)
🎯 Task: Create a Student Management System using OOP.
📌 Phase 3: Intermediate Java (2-3 Weeks)
✅ 4. Exception Handling & File Handling
🔹 try-catch-finally
🔹 Custom Exceptions
🔹 Reading/Writing Files in Java
🎯 Task: Build a To-Do List App that saves tasks in a file.
✅ 5. Collections & Data Structures
🔹 Arrays & ArrayLists
🔹 HashMap, HashSet
🔹 LinkedList, Stack, Queue
🎯 Task: Implement a Library Management System using collections.
📌 Phase 4: Advanced Java (3-4 Weeks)
✅ 6. Multithreading & Concurrency
🔹 Threads (Runnable, Thread class)
🔹 Synchronization & Locks
🎯 Task: Create a Multithreaded Chat Application.
✅ 7. JDBC (Java Database Connectivity)
🔹 Connect Java with MySQL
🔹 Perform CRUD operations
🎯 Task: Build a Login System with Database.
✅ 8. Java Frameworks & Web Development
🔹 Spring Boot (for backend development)
🔹 Hibernate (for database management)
🔹 REST APIs
🎯 Task: Develop a REST API for User Registration.
📌 Phase 5: Java Projects & Real-World Applications (1-2 Months)
Now that you have mastered Java, start working on real-world projects!
🔥 Project Ideas:
✅ Sustainable Fashion Exchange App (Use Java backend with Spring Boot)
✅ E-Commerce Cart System (Using Java + MySQL)
✅ Weather App with API Integration
📌 Additional Learning Resources
📚 Java Tutorials: W3Schools, GeeksforGeeks
📹 Video Courses: Java Course by Apna College
🚀 Your Next Step: Start OOP (Classes & Objects)
Let me know if you want to start with OOP (Classes & Objects) now! 😊
Variables in Java
Java has different types of variables:
1️⃣ Primitive Data Types (store simple values)
int → Stores integers (e.g., 10, -5)
double → Stores decimal numbers (e.g., 3.14, -2.5)
char → Stores a single character (e.g., 'A', '9')
boolean → Stores true/false values
2️⃣ Reference Data Types (store objects)
String → Stores text (e.g., "Hello")
Operators in Java.
Types of Operators in Java:
1️⃣ Arithmetic Operators (used for math calculations)
+ (Addition) → a + b
- (Subtraction) → a - b
* (Multiplication) → a * b
/ (Division) → a / b
% (Modulus) → a % b (remainder)
2️⃣ Relational (Comparison) Operators (used to compare values)
== (Equal) → a == b
!= (Not equal) → a != b
> (Greater than) → a > b
< (Less than) → a < b
>= (Greater than or equal) → a >= b
<= (Less than or equal) → a <= b
3️⃣ Logical Operators (used in conditions)
&& (AND) → true && false (false)
|| (OR) → true || false (true)
! (NOT) → !true (false)
Control Statements
Control statements control the flow of execution in a program. They include conditional
statements (if-else) and loops (for, while).
1️⃣ Conditional Statements (if-else)
Used to execute different code blocks based on conditions.
2️⃣ Loops (for, while, do-while)
Loops help us execute a block of code multiple times.
Differences Between for, while, and do-while Loops in Java
Feature for Loop while Loop do-while Loop
Used when the number Used when the number
Used when the number of iterations is unknown, of iterations is unknown,
Usage
of iterations is known. but condition is checked but the loop must
before execution. execute at least once.
Condition is checked
Execution Condition is checked Loop executes once, then
before running the
Flow before running the loop. condition is checked.
loop.
❌ No, if the condition is ❌ No, if the condition is ✅ Yes, the loop runs at
Guaranteed
false initially, the loop false initially, the loop least once even if the
Execution
never runs. never runs. condition is false.
Compact; all parts Condition is checked
Initialization is outside;
(initialization, after execution, ensuring
Structure condition is checked
condition, update) are one iteration always
before execution.
in one line. happens.
java for(initialization; java initialization; java initialization; do { //
Syntax condition; update) { // while(condition) { // loop loop body update; }
loop body } body update; } while(condition);
java for (int i = 1; i <= java int i = 1; while (i <=
java int i = 1; do
5; i++) 5)
Example { [Link](i);
{ [Link](i); { [Link](i);
i++; } while (i <= 5);
} i++; }
Arrays in Java.
1️⃣ What is an Array?
An array is a collection of multiple values of the same data type stored in a single variable.
🔹 Example: Instead of storing five numbers in five variables (num1, num2, num3...), we use
an array.
📌 Note: Arrays start from index 0 in Java.
Array Syntax
datatype[] arrayName = new datatype[size];
Key Array Methods and Operations
Operation Example Explanation
Declares an integer array but does not
Declare an array int[] arr;
allocate memory.
Initialize an array int[] arr = new int[5]; Allocates memory for 5 elements.
Assign values arr[0] = 10; Assigns 10 to the first element (index 0).
Access an element [Link](arr[1]); Prints the value at index 1.
Find array length [Link] Returns the size of the array.
Iterate using for- for(int i=0; i<[Link]; i+
Loops through the array using an index.
loop +)
Iterate using for- Loops through the array without using an
for(int num : arr)
each index.
Multidimensional Arrays & Array Sorting in Java.
📌 1️⃣ What is a Multidimensional Array?
A multidimensional array is an array inside another array (like a table).
The most common type is a 2D array (Matrix).
