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EXTENSION 2
Stage 6
Complex Numbers (Ext2), N1 Introduction to Complex
Numbers (Ext2)
Exponential Form
Complex Numbers (Ext2), N2 Using Complex Numbers (Ext2)
Geometrical Implications of Complex Numbers
Solving Equations with Complex Numbers
Teacher: Chris Lloyd
Exam Equivalent Time: 91.5 minutes (based on allocation of 1.5 minutes per mark)
Questions
1. Complex Numbers, EXT2 N1 2023 HSC 7 MC
Which of the following statements about complex numbers is true?
A. For all real numbers with ,
, for some real number .
B. For all non-zero complex numbers and ,
and
where denotes the principal argument.
C. For all real numbers with ,
and
D. For all real numbers with and ,
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2. Complex Numbers, EXT2 N2 2021 HSC 10 MC
Consider the two non-zero complex numbers and as vectors.
Which of the following expressions is the projection of onto ?
A.
B.
C.
D.
3. Complex Numbers, EXT2 N2 2023 HSC 16a
Let be the complex number .
i. Show that . (2 marks)
The vertices of a triangle can be labelled and in anticlockwise or clockwise direction, as
shown.
Three complex numbers and are represented in the complex plane by points and
respectively.
ii. Show that if triangle is anticlockwise and equilateral, then . (2 marks)
iii. It can be shown that if triangle is clockwise and equilateral, then . (Do
NOT prove this.)
Show that if is an equilateral triangle, then
(2 marks)
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4. Complex Numbers, EXT2 N2 2014 HSC 15b
i. Using de Moivre’s theorem, or otherwise, show that for every positive integer ,
. (2 marks)
ii. Hence, or otherwise, show that for every positive integer divisible by 4,
(3 marks)
5. Complex Numbers, EXT2 N2 2009 HSC 7b
Let
i. Show that , where is a positive integer. (2 marks)
ii. Let be a positive integer. Show that
(3 marks)
iii. Hence, or otherwise, prove that
where is a positive integer. (2 marks)
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6. Complex Numbers, EXT2 N2 2007 HSC 8b
i. Let be a positive integer. Show that if then
. (2 marks)
ii. By substituting where , into part (i), show that
(3 marks)
iii. Suppose . Using part (ii), show that
(2 marks)
7. Complex Numbers, EXT2 N2 2016 HSC 16b
i. The complex numbers and form the vertices of an equilateral triangle in the Argand
diagram.
Show that (2 marks)
ii. Give an example of non-zero complex numbers and , so that and form the vertices
of an equilateral triangle in the Argand diagram. (1 mark)
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8. Complex Numbers, EXT2 N2 2019 HSC 16b
Let , where and are real numbers.
The roots of are .
It is given that and .
i. Show that . (3 marks)
ii. The diagram shows the position of .
On the diagram, accurately show all possible positions of . (2 marks)
9. Complex Numbers, EXT2 N2 2024 HSC 16b
The number is a complex cube root of unity. The number is a cube root of .
i. Show that is a real root of . (3 marks)
ii. By using part (i) to find the exact value of , deduce the value(s) of
for all integers . Justify your answer. (3 marks)
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10. Complex Numbers, EXT2 N2 2011 HSC 6c
On an Argand diagram, sketch the region described by the inequality
(2 marks)
11. Complex Numbers, EXT2 N2 2016 HSC 16a
i. The complex numbers and , where and
, satisfy
By considering the real and imaginary parts of , or otherwise, show that and
form the vertices of an equilateral triangle in the Argand diagram. (3 marks)
ii. Hence, or otherwise, show that if the three non-zero complex numbers and satisfy
AND
then they form the vertices of an equilateral triangle in the Argand diagram. (2 marks)
12. Complex Numbers, EXT2 N2 2021 HSC 16c
Sketch the region of the complex plane defined by where is the
principal argument of . (3 marks)
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13. Complex Numbers, EXT2 N2 2022 HSC 16a
A square in the Argand plane has vertices
and .
The complex numbers and lie on the square and form the vertices of an
equilateral triangle, as shown in the diagram.
Find the exact value of the complex number . (4 marks)
14. Complex Numbers, EXT2 N2 2022 HSC 16d
Find all the complex numbers that satisfy the following three conditions
simultaneously. (3 marks)
15. Complex Numbers, EXT2 N2 2023 HSC 16c
The complex numbers and both have modulus 1, and , where
denotes the principal argument.
For real numbers and , consider the complex number .
On an -plane, clearly sketch the region that contains all points for which
.
Copyright © 2004-23 The State of New South Wales (Board of Studies, Teaching and Educational Standards NSW)
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Worked Solutions
1. Complex Numbers, EXT2 N1 2023 HSC 7 MC
♦♦♦ Mean mark 18%.
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2. Complex Numbers, EXT2 N2 2021 HSC 10 MC
z
w
♦♦♦ Mean mark 30%.
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3. Complex Numbers, EXT2 N2 2023 HSC 16a
i.
♦♦♦ Mean mark (ii)
18%.
ii.
iii. ♦♦♦ Mean mark (iii)
11%.
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4. Complex Numbers, EXT2 N2 2014 HSC 15b
i.
ii.
♦♦ Mean mark 22%.
MARKER’S COMMENT: Few
students could link part (i) to
solving part (ii).
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5. Complex Numbers, EXT2 N2 2009 HSC 7b
i.
ii.
iii.
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6. Complex Numbers, EXT2 N2 2007 HSC 8b
i.
ii.
iii.
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7. Complex Numbers, EXT2 N2 2016 HSC 16b
i.
♦♦ Mean mark 23%.
ii.
♦♦ Mean mark 33%.
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8. Complex Numbers, EXT2 N2 2019 HSC 16b
i.
♦♦ Mean mark part (i) 26%.
ii.
♦♦♦ Mean mark part (ii) 10%.
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9. Complex Numbers, EXT2 N2 2024 HSC 16b
i.
ii.
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10. Complex Numbers, EXT2 N2 2011 HSC 6c
♦♦♦ Mean mark 18%.
MARKER’S COMMENT:
Substituting
immediately was common and
caused major algebraic problems.
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11. Complex Numbers, EXT2 N2 2016 HSC 16a
i.
♦♦♦ Mean mark 25%.
STRATEGY: A clear graphical
image simplifies both parts of this
question significantly.
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ii.
♦♦♦ Mean mark 5%.
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12. Complex Numbers, EXT2 N2 2021 HSC 16c
♦♦♦ Mean mark 15%.
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Im(z)
_π
π _π
__
π π
_ Re(z)
22 2
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13. Complex Numbers, EXT2 N2 2022 HSC 16a
♦♦♦ Mean mark 21%.
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14. Complex Numbers, EXT2 N2 2022 HSC 16d
♦♦♦ Mean mark 12%.
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15. Complex Numbers, EXT2 N2 2023 HSC 16c
♦♦♦ Mean mark 3%.
COMMENT: On the
podium for the
toughest questions in
Ext2 in the last decade.
Copyright © 2016-2024 M2 Mathematics Pty Ltd (SmarterMaths.com.au)
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