06 September 2025 10:52
Class IX – Social Science
Half-Yearly Examination 2025
Comprehension-based Question Paper
Maximum Marks: 80 | Time: 3 Hours
General Instructions:
1. All questions are compulsory.
2. Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
3. Answer each question briefly in the given word limit.
Geography
Q.1 (India – Size & Location, 5 Marks)
IndiaÊisÊaÊvastÊcountryÊlyingÊentirelyÊinÊtheÊNorthernÊHemisphere.ÊTheÊmainlandÊextendsÊbetweenÊlatitudesÊ8°4 NÊandÊ37°6 N,ÊandÊlongitudesÊ68°
7 EÊandÊ97°25 E.ÊTheÊTropicÊofÊCancerÊ(23°30 N)ÊdividesÊtheÊcountryÊintoÊalmostÊtwoÊequalÊparts.ÊIndia’sÊlocationÊatÊtheÊhead ofÊtheÊIndianÊOceanÊ
givesÊitÊaÊstrategicÊposition.ÊItÊhasÊhelpedÊIndiaÊestablishÊcloseÊcontactsÊwithÊWestÊAsia,ÊAfrica,ÊandÊEuropeÊonÊoneÊside,ÊandÊSoutheastÊAsiaÊandÊ
EastÊAsiaÊonÊtheÊother.
Answer the following:
a) What is the latitudinal extent of India? (1)
b) Which line divides India into two equal parts? (1)
c) Why is India’s location considered strategic? (2)
d) Name any one region with which India had ancient trade relations. (1)
Q.2 (Physical Features of India, 5 Marks)
TheÊHimalayanÊmountainsÊhaveÊbeenÊdividedÊintoÊthreeÊparallelÊranges.ÊTheÊnorthernmostÊisÊtheÊGreatÊHimalayaÊorÊHimadri,ÊtheÊmiddleÊrangeÊisÊ
knownÊasÊHimachalÊorÊLesserÊHimalaya,ÊandÊtheÊoutermostÊrangeÊisÊShiwaliks.ÊTheseÊrangesÊactÊasÊclimatic,Êcultural,ÊandÊphysicalÊbarriers,ÊandÊ
alsoÊareÊsourcesÊofÊperennialÊrivers,ÊvaluableÊforests,ÊandÊfertileÊsoils.
Answer the following:
a) Name the three parallel ranges of the Himalayas. (2)
b) State one importance of the Himalayas. (1)
c) Which range is the northernmost? (1)
d) Why are Himalayan rivers called perennial? (1)
Q.3 (Drainage, 5 Marks)
TheÊGangaÊisÊtheÊmostÊimportantÊriverÊsystemÊinÊIndia.ÊItÊoriginatesÊfromÊtheÊGangotriÊGlacierÊinÊUttarakhand.ÊItsÊimportantÊtributariesÊareÊ
Yamuna,ÊGhaghara,ÊGandak,ÊandÊKosi.ÊTheÊriverÊformsÊaÊlargeÊfertileÊplainÊknownÊasÊtheÊNorthernÊPlains.ÊTheÊGangaÊflowsÊeastwardsÊandÊfinallyÊ
drainsÊintoÊtheÊBayÊofÊBengalÊformingÊtheÊSunderbanÊDelta.
Answer the following:
a) From where does the Ganga originate? (1)
b) Name any two tributaries of the Ganga. (2)
c) Why is the Ganga plain fertile? (1)
d) Into which water body does the Ganga drain? (1)
History
Q.4 (French Revolution, 5 Marks)
OnÊ14thÊJulyÊ1789,ÊtheÊpeopleÊofÊParisÊstormedÊtheÊBastille.ÊTheÊrevolutionariesÊaimedÊtoÊendÊtheÊmonarchyÊandÊprivilegesÊofÊtheÊclergyÊandÊ
nobility.ÊTheÊideasÊofÊliberty,Êequality,ÊandÊfraternityÊspreadÊnotÊonlyÊinÊFranceÊbutÊalsoÊinspiredÊmovementsÊinÊotherÊparts ofÊEurope.ÊTheÊ
revolutionÊbroughtÊpoliticalÊandÊsocialÊchangesÊinÊFrenchÊsociety.
Answer the following:
a) When was the Bastille stormed? (1)
b) What were the main aims of the revolutionaries? (2)
c) Which three ideals spread during the French Revolution? (1)
d) Name one impact of the French Revolution. (1)
Q.5 (Socialism in Europe and the Russian Revolution, 5 Marks)
TheÊRussianÊRevolutionÊofÊ1917ÊwasÊcausedÊbyÊhardshipsÊfacedÊbyÊworkersÊandÊpeasants,ÊlackÊofÊreformsÊbyÊTsarÊNicholasÊII,ÊandÊtheÊimpactÊofÊ
WorldÊWarÊI.ÊTheÊBolsheviks,ÊledÊbyÊVladimirÊLenin,ÊpromisedÊ‘Peace,ÊBread,ÊandÊLand’ÊtoÊtheÊpeople.ÊTheÊrevolutionÊestablishedÊtheÊfirstÊsocialistÊ
governmentÊinÊtheÊworldÊandÊinspiredÊsocialistÊmovementsÊeverywhere.
Answer the following:
a) Who was the Tsar of Russia during the revolution? (1)
b) Who led the Bolsheviks? (1)
c) What slogan did Lenin give to the people? (2)
d) Which type of government was established after the revolution? (1)
Political Science
Q.6 (What is Democracy? Why Democracy?, 5 Marks)
DemocracyÊisÊaÊformÊofÊgovernmentÊwhereÊrulersÊareÊelectedÊbyÊtheÊpeople.ÊItÊensuresÊpoliticalÊequalityÊasÊallÊcitizensÊhaveÊoneÊvoteÊandÊoneÊ
value.ÊDemocracyÊprovidesÊaÊmethodÊtoÊdealÊwithÊconflictsÊandÊallowsÊpeopleÊtoÊchangeÊtheirÊrulersÊpeacefully.ÊHowever,ÊitÊis notÊwithoutÊflaws,Ê
asÊdecisionsÊmayÊtakeÊtimeÊandÊsomeÊinequalitiesÊstillÊpersist.
Answer the following:
a) Who elects the rulers in democracy? (1)
b) Mention one feature of political equality. (1)
c) State two advantages of democracy. (2)
d) Write one drawback of democracy. (1)
Q.7 (Constitutional Design, 5 Marks)
AfterÊindependence,ÊtheÊleadersÊofÊIndiaÊfeltÊtheÊneedÊforÊaÊconstitutionÊtoÊguideÊtheÊnation.ÊTheÊConstituentÊAssemblyÊwasÊformedÊinÊ1946ÊandÊ
Dr.ÊRajendraÊPrasadÊwasÊitsÊChairman.ÊDr.ÊB.R.ÊAmbedkarÊisÊregardedÊasÊtheÊchiefÊarchitectÊofÊtheÊIndianÊConstitution.ÊTheÊAssemblyÊdebatedÊforÊ
almostÊthreeÊyearsÊbeforeÊfinallyÊadoptingÊtheÊConstitutionÊonÊ26thÊNovemberÊ1949,ÊwhichÊcameÊintoÊeffectÊonÊ26thÊJanuaryÊ1950.
Answer the following:
a) When was the Constituent Assembly formed? (1)
b) Who was the Chairman of the Constituent Assembly? (1)
c) Who is called the chief architect of the Indian Constitution? (1)
d) When did the Constitution come into effect? (2)
Q.8 (Electoral Politics, 5 Marks)
ElectionsÊareÊtheÊfoundationÊofÊdemocracy.ÊInÊIndia,ÊLokÊSabhaÊandÊStateÊAssemblyÊelectionsÊareÊheldÊregularly.ÊTheÊElectionÊCommissionÊofÊIndiaÊ
conductsÊfreeÊandÊfairÊelections.ÊHowever,ÊchallengesÊsuchÊasÊmoneyÊpower,ÊmuscleÊpower,ÊandÊmisuseÊofÊgovernmentÊmachineryÊsometimesÊ
weakenÊdemocracy.ÊReformsÊlikeÊstrictÊmonitoringÊofÊelectionÊexpensesÊandÊuseÊofÊEVMsÊhaveÊbeenÊintroduced.
Answer the following:
a) Who conducts elections in India? (1)
b) Mention two challenges faced by elections in India. (2)
c) Name one reform introduced to make elections fair. (1)
d) Why are elections considered the foundation of democracy? (1)
Economics
Q.9 (People as Resource, 5 Marks)
PeopleÊareÊconsideredÊaÊresourceÊwhenÊtheirÊeducation,Êhealth,ÊandÊskillsÊaddÊtoÊtheÊcountry’sÊdevelopment.ÊEducatedÊandÊhealthyÊworkersÊareÊ
moreÊproductive.ÊInvestmentÊinÊhumanÊcapitalÊthroughÊeducationÊandÊhealthcareÊyieldsÊhighÊreturnsÊinÊtheÊfuture.ÊThus,ÊhumanÊresourceÊisÊanÊ
assetÊforÊeconomicÊgrowth.
Answer the following:
a) When are people considered a resource? (1)
b) Name two factors that make workers productive. (2)
c) What is human capital investment? (1)
d) Why is human resource called an asset? (1)
Q.10 (Poverty as a Challenge, 5 Marks)
PovertyÊinÊIndiaÊisÊwidespread.ÊPeopleÊlivingÊinÊpovertyÊlackÊbasicÊneedsÊlikeÊfood,Êshelter,ÊandÊhealthcare.ÊTheÊmainÊcauses ofÊpovertyÊincludeÊlowÊ
productivity,Êunemployment,ÊandÊrapidÊpopulationÊgrowth.ÊTheÊgovernmentÊhasÊlaunchedÊvariousÊprogrammesÊsuchÊasÊMNREGAÊandÊPM GaribÊ
KalyanÊYojanaÊtoÊreduceÊpoverty.ÊStill,ÊmuchÊworkÊneedsÊtoÊbeÊdone.
Answer the following:
a) Mention two basic needs that poor people often lack. (2)
b) State two causes of poverty in India. (2)
c) Name any one government programme to reduce poverty. (1)
