1. Intravenous heparin therapy is ordered for a client.
While implementing
this order, a nurse ensures that which of the following medications is
available in the nursing unit?
1/1
A. Protamine sulfate
B. Calcium gluconate
C. Naloxone
D. Vitamin K
2. A client with pulmonary edema has been on diuretic therapy. The client
has an order for additional furosemide (Lasix) in the amount of 40 mg IV
push. Knowing that the client also will be started on digoxin (Lanoxin), a
nurse checks the client's most recent:
1/1
A. Digoxin level
B. Sodium level
C. Potassium level
D. Creatinine level
3. A client diagnosed with DVT suddenly complains of chest pain and
shortness of breath and is restless. The nurse should assess the client for:
1/1
A. Myocardial infarction.
B. Pulmonary embolism.
C. Pulmonary edema.
D. Pneumonia
4. Which of the following increases the risk of having abdominal aortic
aneurysm rupture?
1/1
A. Anemia.
B. Dehydration.
C. High blood pressure.
D. Hyperglycemia.
5. The following nursing interventions should be included in the nursing care
plan of the client with MI, EXCEPT:
1/1
A. Place the client in semi - Fowler's position
B. Administer oxygen by nasal cannula as ordered.
C. Encourage use of bedpan for defecation.
D. Provide low sodium, low fat and low cholesterol diet
6. When teaching the client with myocardial infarction (MI), the nurse
explains that the pain associated with MI is caused by:
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A. Ventricular overload.
B. Insufficient oxygen reaching the heart muscle.
C. Electrolyte imbalances.
D. Dehydration
7. A client with angina pectoris asks the nurse, “what information does ECG
provide?" The nurse would appropriately respond that ECG gives information
about the
1/1
A. Electrical conduction of the myocardium.
B. Oxygenation and perfusion of the heart.
C. Contractile status of the ventricles.
D. Physical integrity of the muscle.
8. With peripheral arterial insufficiency, leg pain during rest can be reduced
by:
0/1
A. Elevating the limb above heart level.
B. Lowering the limb so it is dependent.
C. Massaging the limb after application of cold compresses.
D. Placing the limb in a plane horizontal to the body.
9. A home care nurse is making a routine visit to a client receiving digoxin
(Lanoxin) in the treatment of heart failure. The nurse would watch out for:
1/1
A. Thrombocytopenia and weight gain
B. Anorexia, nausea, and visual disturbances
C. Diarrhea and hypotension
D. Fatigue and muscle twitching
10. The doctor ordered warfarin sodium (Coumadin) to a client. While
implementing this order, the nurse ensures that which of the following
medications is available on the nursing unit as the antidote?
*
0/1
A. Vitamin K
B. Aspirin
C. Potassium chloride
D. Protamine sulfate
11. The following are clinical manifestations of arterial insufficiency, except
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A. Leg pain relieved by rest.
B. Cold skin in the lower extremities.
C. Diminished pulse in the leg.
D. Edema improved with elevation.
12. One goal in caring for a client with arterial occlusive disease is to
promote vasodilation in the affected extremity. To achieve this goal, the
nurse encourages the client to:
1/1
A. Avoid eating low-fat-foods.
B. Elevate the legs above the heart.
C. Stop smoking.
D. Begin a jogging program.
13. Which of the following may precipitate the chest pain of the client with
angina pectoris?
1/1
A. Taking a warm bath
B. Having frequent rest periods.
C. Eating a large meal.
D. Avoiding exposure to cold.
14. Which of the following signs and symptoms would most likely be
experienced by a client with right - sided congestive heart failure?
1/1
A. Dyspnea, crackles, ankle edema.
B. Engorged neck vein, enlarged liver, weight gain.
C. Hemoptysis, hypertension, pallor.
D. Syncope, hemolytic anemia, clubbing of fingers.
15. How should the nurse instruct the client with angina pectoris to take
sublingual nitroglycerine when chest pain occurs?
*
1/1
A. Take one tablet every 2 to 5 minutes until the pain subsides.
B. Take one tablet and rest for 10 minutes. Call the physician if the pain
persists after 10 minutes.
C. Take one tablet, then an additional tablet every 5 minutes for a total of
three tablets. Call the physician if pain persists after three tablets.
D. Take one tablet. If pain persists after 5 minutes, take two tablets. If pain
still persists 5 minutes later, call the physician.
16. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of chest pain in myocardial
infarction?
1/1
A. It last for more than 30 minutes.
B. It radiates to the entire chest, neck and left arm.
C. It is relieved by rest
D. It is crushing in character.
17. Question A client comes to the outpatient clinic and tells the nurse that
he has had leg pains that begin when he walks but cease when he stops
walking. Which of the following conditions would the nurse assess for?
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A. An acute obstruction in the vessels of the legs.
B. Peripheral vascular problems in both legs.
C. Diabetes
D. Calcium deficiency
18. Which of the following would be a priority nursing diagnosis for the client
with heart failure and pulmonary edema?
1/1
A. Risk for infection related to stasis of alveolar secretions.
B. Impaired skin integrity related to pressure.
C. Activity intolerance related to pump failure.
D. Constipation related to immobility.
19. Which of the following diagnostic tools is most commonly used to
determine the location of myocardial damage?
0/1
A. Cardiac catheterization
B. Cardiac enzymes
C. Echocardiogram
D. Electrocardiogram (ECG)
20. A significant cause of venous thrombosis is:
*
1/1
A. Altered blood coagulation
B. Stasis of blood
C. Vessel wall injury
D. All of the Above
21. A 57-year-old client with a history of asthma is prescribed propranolol
(Inderal) to control hypertension. Before administered propranolol, which of
the following actions should the nurse take first?
1/1
A. Monitor the apical pulse rate.
B. Instruct the client to take medication with food.
C. Question the physician about the order.
D. Caution the client to rise slowly when standing.
22. Which of the following conditions is the predominant cause of angina?
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A. Increased preload
B. Decreased afterload
C. Coronary artery spasm
D. Inadequate oxygen supply to the myocardium.
23. Which of the following interventions should be the first priority when
treating a client experiencing chest pain while walking?
1/1
A. Sit the client down.
B. Get the client back to bed.
C. Obtain an ECG.
D. Administer sublingual nitroglycerin.
24. Which of the following positions would best aid breathing for a client with
acute pulmonary edema?
1/1
A. Lying flat in bed.
B. Left side-lying.
C. In high Fowler's position.
D. In semi-Fowler's position.
25. One hour after administering IV furosemide (Lasix) to a client with heart
failure, a short burst of ventricular tachycardia appears on the cardiac
monitor. Which of the following electrolyte imbalances should the nurse
suspect?
1/1
A. Hypocalcemia
B. Hypermagnesemia
C. Hypokalemia
D. Hypernatremia
26. Which of the following blood tests is most indicative of cardiac damage?
1/1
A. Troponin I
B. Complete blood count (CBC)
C. AST levels
D. Lactate dehydrogenase
27. A client is receiving spironolactone to treat hypertension. Which of the
following instructions should the nurse provide?
0/1
A. "Eat foods high in potassium."
B. "Take daily potassium supplements."
C. "Discontinue sodium restrictions."
D. "Avoid salt substitutes."
28. Which of the following is an uncontrollable risk factor that has been
linked to the development of coronary artery disease (CAD)?
1/1
A. Exercise
B. Obesity
C. Gender
D. High - cholesterol level
29. Which of the following conditions is most commonly responsible for
myocardial infarction?
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A. Aneurysm
B. Heart failure
C. Coronary artery thrombosis
D. Renal failure
30. The nurse administers digoxin to the client with congestive heart failure.
The nurse should first check which of the following?
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A. Weight
B. Heart rate
C. Blood pressure
D. Respiratory rate
31. What is the primary reason for administering morphine to a pt with an
MI?
1/1
A. To sedate the pt
B. To decrease the pt's pain
C. To decrease the pt's anxiety
D. To decrease oxygen demand on the pt's heart
32. A client is experiencing tachycardia. The nurse's understanding of the
physiological basis for this symptom is explained by which of the following
statements?
1/1
A. The demand for oxygen is decreased because of pleural involvement.
B. The inflammatory process causes the body to demand more oxygen to
meet its needs.
C. The heart has to pump faster to meet the demand for oxygen when there
is lowered arterial oxygen tension.
D. Respirations are labored.
33. Which of the following is the most common symptom of myocardial
infarction (MI)?
1/1
A. Chest pain
B. Dyspnea
C. Edema
D. Palpitations
34. Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system produces which of the
following responses?
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A. Bradycardia
B. Tachycardia
C. Hypotension
D. Decreased myocardial contractility
35. Which of the following classes of meds maximizes cardiac performance in
pts with heart failure by increasing ventricular contractibility?
1/1
A. Beta-adrenergic blockers
B. Calcium channel blockers
C. Diuretics
D. Inotropic agents
36. Pharmacologic treatment of coronary artery disease includes which of
the following procedures?
1/1
A. Cardiac catheterization
B. Coronary artery bypass surgery
C. Oral med therapy
D. Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
37. Which of the following symptoms is most commonly associated with left-
sided heart failure?
*
1/1
A. Crackles
B. Arrhythmias
C. Hepatic engorgement
D. Hypotension
38. Which of the following actions is the first priority of care for a pt
exhibiting signs & symptoms of coronary artery disease?
1/1
A. Decrease anxiety
B. Enhance myocardial oxygenation
C. Administer subtingual nitroglycerin
D. Educate the pt about his symptoms
39. Toxicity from which of the following meds may cause a pt to see a green-
yellow halo around lights?
1/1
A. Digoxin (Lanoxin)
B. Furosemide (Lasix)
C. Metoprolol (Lopressor)
D. Enalapril (Vasotec)
40. With which of the following disorders is jugular vein distention most
prominent?
0/1
A. Abdominal aortic aneurysm
B. Heart failure
C. MI
D. Pneumothorax
41. Direct-acting vasodilators have which of the following effects on the
heart rate?
1/1
A. Heart rate decreases.
B. Heart rate remains significantly unchanged.
C. Heart rate increases.
D. Heart rate becomes irregular
42. In order to prevent the development of tolerance, the nurse instructs the
patient to:
*
0/1
A. Apply the nitroglycerin patch every other day.
B. Switch to sublingual nitroglycerin when the patient's systolic blood
pressure elevates to >140 mm Hg.
C. Apply the nitroglycerin patch for 14 hours each and remove for 10 hours
at night.
D. Use the nitroglycerin patch for acute episodes of angina only.
43. What is the most common complication of an MI?
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A. Cardiogenic shock
B. Heart failure
C. arrhythmias
D. Pericarditis
44. A 45-year-old male client with leg ulcers and arterial insufficiency is
admitted to the hospital. The nurse understands that leg ulcers of this nature
are usually caused by:
1/1
A. Decreased arterial blood flow secondary to vasoconstriction.
B. Decreased arterial blood flow leading to hyperemia.
C. Atherosclerotic obstruction of the arteries.
D. Trauma to the lower extremities.
45. Which of the following classes of meds protects the ischemic
myocardium by blocking sympathetic nerve stimulation?
1/1
A. Beta-adrenergic blockers
B. Calcium channel blockers
C. Narcotics
D. Nitrates
46. What is the first intervention for a pt experiencing MI?
0/1
A. Administer morphine
B. Administer oxygen
C. Administer sublingual nitroglycerin
D. Obtain an ECG
47. After myocardial infarction, which of the following problems is indicated
by auscultation of crackles in the lungs?
*
1/1
A. Left-sided heart failure
B. Pulmonic valve malfunction
C. Right-sided heart failure
D. Tricuspid valve malfunction
48. Which of the following is a compensatory response to decreased cardiac
output?
1/1
A. Decreased BP.
B. Alteration in LOC.
C. Decreased BP and diuresis.
D. Increased BP and fluid retention.
49. Acute pulmonary edema caused by heart failure is usually a result of
damage to which of the following areas of the heart?
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A. Left atrium
B. Right atrium
C. Left ventricle
D. Right ventricle
50. Which of the following factors can cause blood pressure to drop to normal
levels?
1/1
A. Kidneys' excretion of sodium only.
B. Kidneys' retention of sodium and water.
C. Kidneys' excretion of sodium and water.
D. Kidneys' retention of sodium and excretion of water
