Solved Exercises Logic PDF
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ScribdTranslationsSolved Exercises Logic PDF
Uploaded by
ScribdTranslationsSOLVED EXERCISES
January 1, 2013
Subject:
Competencia Lógico
Topic: Propositional Logic and Sets
LORD OF SIPAN UNIVERSITY
Problem 01:
Sean p, q, r, t propositions. If~ [( ]
)⋀ → [( → )In tit]is a false proposition, find the value
really of: p, r, s, and t.
solution
For that:
[( ~ ) ∩ q] →[( → ) ∪ t ]≅ it must be fulfilled:
[( ~ ) ∩ ] ≅
o (~ ) ≅ … ( ≅ )
o ≅
[( → ) ∪ ]≅
o ( → ) ≅ … ( ≅ )
o ≅
Therefore:
- ( ≅ )
- ( ≅ )
- ( ≅ )
Problem 02:
If you do not pass or solve this problem, then it is false that you have studied or mastered.
the logical deduction. But you do not master logical deduction even though you have studied.
A)[(~p∨ ~q) → (~r∨ s)] ⋀ ⋀ r B) [(not p∨ ~q) → (~r∨ ∨~s ⋀ r
C) [~(p∨ q) → ~(r∨ ⋀ ~s ⋀ r D) [(~p∨ ~q) → ~(r∨ s)]⋀ ~s⋀ r
E) [(~p∨ ~q) → ~(r∨ s)] ⋀ s ⋀ r
Solution
Propositions:
You approve.
Solve this problem.
you have studied.
You master logical deduction.
If you do not approve or solve this problem … (~p∨ ~q)
Whether you have studied or mastered logical deduction … (r∨ s)
If you do not pass or solve this problem, then it is false that you have studied or mastered.
logical deduction. (~p∨ ~q) → ~(r∨ s)] …
But you do not master logical deduction even though you have studied. … ~s ⋀ r
If you do not pass or solve this problem, then it is false that you have studied or mastered.
logical deduction. But you do not master logical deduction even though you have studied.
not p∨ ~q) → ~(r∨ s)] ⋀ ~s⋀ r
Problem 03:
He is not a good athlete but his grades are excellent. It is equivalent to:
A) It is not true that he is a good athlete or that his grades are excellent.
B) It is not true that he is a good athlete or that his grades are not excellent.
C) It is not true that I am not a good athlete or that my grades are not excellent.
D) It is not true that I am not a good athlete or that my grades are excellent.
E) It is not true that he is a good athlete and his grades are not excellent.
Solution
Propositions:
He is a good athlete.
Your grades are excellent
He is not a good athlete but his grades are excellent.. … ~p⋀ q
B) It is not true that he is a good athlete or that his grades are not excellent.
~ (p∨ ~q) ≅ ~p⋀ q
Problem 04:
When constructing the truth table of:
(p∨ → (p⋀ ~q)
The number of true values in the result is:
Solution
Truth Table:
p q (p∨ ~q)→ (p⋀ ~q)
V V V→ F ≅ F
V F V→ V≅ V
F V F→ F≅ V
F F V→ F≅ F
The number of true values in the result is: 2.
Problem 05:
Which of the following propositions are logically equivalent?
I. ~p⋀ ~q
II. ~p→ q
III. p∨ q
Solution
We create the truth tables for each of the propositions.
~p⋀ ~q
p q ~p⋀ ~q
V V F
V F V
F V F
F F F
~p→ q
p q ~p→ q
V V V
V F V
F V V
F F F
p∨ q
p q p∨ q
V V V
V F V
F V V
F F F
They are logically equivalent: II and III.
Problem 06.
Given the sets:
Determine:
Solution:
Let's solve graphically:
Problem 07.
Given the sets:
Solution:
Problem 08.
Solution:
Problem 09
Solution:
Problem 10
For sets A, B, and C we assert:
How many are true?
Solution:
