ITNE2003

Install, Configure, Operate and Troubleshoot

Medium-Networks

Lab Tutorial - 4 of Lesson - 4

June 2018

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Task Assignment

1. Design address plan for the given network. IP network to be subnetted is 172.16.128.0 with mask
255.255.128.0

2. Then implement the network diagram using Packet Tracer with your IP addressing plan.

1. Network Address Plan

We can divide our given address block to smaller subnets in two ways: 1) we can create subnets with
minimum number of wasted IP addresses. 2) Use the whole address block to divide our network to smaller
subnets and don’t care about IP addresses that are wasted in each subnet.

In our scenario we use the first option to reduce the number of wasted IP addresses. However, below you
can find the table representing subnetted network via second option.

1. Classful with minimum waste:

The biggest number of IP addresses that we need in one subnet is 40, so we have to do
the subneting calculations based on that. In this case we can minimum the number of wasted Ip
addresses while doing IP classful subnetting.
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For securing 40 ip addresses per subnet, we have to use 255.255.192.0 or (/26) subnet mask which gives
us 62 valid addresses.

No. Of Hosts Network Address BroadCast Address Net Mask

40 172.16.128.0 172.16.128.63 255.255.255.192 (/26)

30 172.16.128.64 172.16.128.127 255.255.255.192 (/26)

20 172.16.128.128 172.16.128.191 255.255.255.192 (/26)

2 172.16.128.192 172.16.128.254 255.255.255.192 (/26)

2 172.16.129.0 172.16.129.63 255.255.255.192 (/26)

2 172.16.129.64 172.16.129.127 255.255.255.192 (/26)

2. Classful using the whole subnet:

The number of required subnets is 6. As we already know we can only devide our address block
to 2,4,8,16… subnets. So the closest number of subnets to it is 8 subnets. The following table shows
how we can devide oue address into 8 subnets:

No. Of Hosts Network Address BroadCast Address Net Mask

40 172.16.128.0 172.16.143.255 255.255.240.0 (/20)

30 172.16.144.0 172.16.159.255 255.255.240.0 (/20)

20 172.16.160.0 172.16.175.255 255.255.240.0 (/20)

2 172.16.176.0 172.16.191.255 255.255.240.0 (/20)

2 172.16.192.0 172.16.207.255 255.255.240.0 (/20)

2 172.16.208.0 172.16.223.255 255.255.240.0 (/20)

0 172.16.224.0 172.16.239.255 255.255.240.0 (/20)

0 172.16.240.0 172.16.255.255 255.255.240.0 (/20)

2. Network Topology

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Before we start to configure the above network, we need to create the topology in our Packet Tracer
simulation tool.

First, lets add our routers to topology area. In this example we have used Cisco 2811 model.

Now if you click on a router, a window will pop up which shows the physical statsus of the router. As the
following figure shows, the device is “On” and there is no interface card added to it.

1. Add interfaces

In order to connect routers to eachother witch “Serial” cables, we need to add an appropriate module
with serial interfaces on it.

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In order to add modules to router, the router should be switched off. So, by clicking on the button you
can switch off the device.

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One of the modules that can be used here is “WIC-2T” which has 2 serial interfaces. You can drag this
module and drop into one of the four available slots on router.

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Remember to switch on the router after you added the module.

After adding serial interface to routers, we can use serial cables to connect routers to eachother.

2. Add connections

You can choose between two types of serial cables (DCE and DTE). Between two connected routers one
should be DCE and the other would be DTE. DCE router is responsible for clocking. If you select DCE cable,
the first router you are connecting the cable would be the DCE router and the other end DTE.

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After connecting routers and switches, we add multiple PCs to make our topology more realistic. Also we
add information about subnets to have an overview of IP addresses to be used in our network.

Following figure shows the complete topology of our network.

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3. Configuration

1. Accessing CLI

After you clicked on a router, go to “CLI” tab and you can access the command line interface of router.

Answer “NO” to “ Continue with configuration dialog?” in order to configure the router manually.

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2. Hostname

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3. Interface configuration

1. Show interface

Using show interface command, you can check the status of router’s interfaces. Since no configuration
has been applied on router, interfaces are down. Following figure shows the status of Fastethernet 0/0.

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Following figures show configuration needed to bring the interface up.

2. FastEthernet 0/0

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3. Show Controller

As mentioned above, router’s interface is either DCE or DTE. By issueing “Show Controller” command, you
can figure out if the interface is DCE or DTE. Knowing this information is important, because for
DCE interfaces additional command is needed to set the clock rate. Otherwise the connection wouldn’t
be up and running.

4. Serial 0/0/0

Below, the configuration of serial interface 0/0/0 is shown. Remember that if the clock rate has not been
set on DCE interface, you have to configure it using “Clock Rate” command.

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4. Save the running configurations

Finally, we save the running configuration to NVRAM so the router can load the configuration
automatically next time when power on.

After assigning IP addresses to all three routers according to your address plan, all the links would come
up and be finctional. Green dots on routers interfaces show that links are up and running.

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