GC University, Lahore
DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS
Final Term Examination
Course Title: Statistical Physics Course Code: PHY-4104
Year: Fall 2023 Semester: 5 B.Sc Hons. Year III
Subjective Type
Time Allowed: 155 minutes Maximum Marks: 40
Attempt Any four questions. All questions carry equal marks.
Q.No. 2: (a) State equipartition of energy. Consider a gas molecule of mass m and let its energy due to its
motion in x-direction be quadratic in the momentum px. Prove that mean value of energy,
̅ 𝑥 = 1 𝑘𝑇, where T is the temperature of the assembly, and k represents the Boltzmann
∈ 2
constant. 1, 6
(b) Seven systems a, b, c, d, e, f, and h distributed over three sheets with two systems in sheet
1, there systems in sheet 2, and two systems in sheet 3. The weights of sheets are 4, 5, and 6
respectively. Calculate the possible arrangements corresponding to the given configuration
in the classical case, where the systems are completely distinguishable. 3
Q.No. 3: (a) Derive the equation of Fermi Dirac distribution. Why is fermi function used? 6, 2
(b) Consider a gram atom of solid element containing NA atoms, where NA is Avogadro’s
number. If each atom is considered to behave as a two-dimensional harmonic oscillator
there will be a total of 4NA degrees of freedom. Calculate the specific heat at constant
volume per gram atom of the solid element. 2
Q.No. 4: (a) Determine the Planck Radiation law for the special distribution of the energy radiation inside
a constant temperature enclosure. Also deduce Wein’s Rayleigh Jean’s laws from Planck
radiation law. 4, 2, 2
(b) If “gs” is weight of sheet “s” and “ns” denotes the occupation number in Bose Einstein
distribution, write the equation of the number of distinguishable arrangements of the
systems within the sheet “s”. 2
Q.No. 5: (a) Define entropy and prove that S = klnW. 1, 3
(b) Derive the thermodynamic properties of canonical ensemble; mean energy of an assembly,
free energy, and entropy. 6
Q.No. 6: (a) Differentiate between canonical and grand canonical ensemble. 2
(b) Determine the thermodynamic functions of an open assembly; energy, free energy, and
Gibb’s free energy. Also calculate the relation between chemical potential and 𝛼 (Lagrange
undetermined multiplier). 8
