COLLEGE FINAL YEAR PROJECT SYNOPSIS

1. Student Details
Name: Prasad Jadhav
Roll No.: 12
Class & Division: TY.B.Sc. (IT)
Project Guide: [Enter Guide’s Name]

2. Project Title
CALCULATOR PROGRAM IN JAVA

3. Project Overview
The project aims to design and implement a fully functional desktop calculator using
Java Swing for the GUI and object-oriented programming principles for internal logic.
The calculator supports basic arithmetic and can be extended with advanced
mathematical operations.
Key goals:
Provide a clean and intuitive interface.
Demonstrate MVC architecture.
Ensure robust input validation and error handling.

4. Proposed System Architecture

The application follows the Model–View–Controller (MVC) pattern:

Layer Role
Model Encapsulates calculation logic and stores current state.
View GUI created using Swing components (JFrame, JButton, JTextField).
Controlle Handles user interactions, event listeners, and communication between
r View and Model.
5. Major Modules (Detailed)
5.1 User Interface (UI) Module
Purpose: Build the main calculator window, layout buttons and display field. Key
Classes: CalculatorFrame, ButtonPanel.
Flowchart (Textual Description): Start → Initialize JFrame → Create text display →
Create digit & operator buttons → Set GridLayout → Attach ActionListeners → Display
window.
Pseudocode:
initUI(): frame = new JFrame("Calculator") display = new JTextField()
buttons = createButtons(["0-9", "+", "-", "*", "/", "=", "C"]) for b in
buttons: addActionListener(b, this) frame.add(display,
BorderLayout.NORTH) frame.add(buttonPanel, BorderLayout.CENTER)
frame.setVisible(true)

5.2 Input Handler Module

Purpose: Capture and validate button or keyboard input. Key Classes: InputHandler,
ActionListener.
Flowchart: Start → Wait for button/keyboard input → Identify type
(digit/operator/control) → Validate → Send to Controller.
Pseudocode:
onActionPerformed(event): input = event.getSource().getText() if input
is digit or operator or control: controller.processInput(input)

5.3 Arithmetic Operations Module

Purpose: Execute core operations—addition, subtraction, multiplication, division.
Flowchart: Receive operands & operator → Perform calculation → Return result →
Update display.
Pseudocode:
calculate(a, b, operator): switch(operator): case '+': return a + b
case '-': return a - b case '*': return a * b case '/':
if b == 0: throw DivideByZeroException else return a / b

5.4 Advanced Operations Module (Optional/Scientific)

Handles square root, percentage, power, etc.
Flowchart: Check function type → Perform corresponding Java Math operation →
Return result.
Pseudocode:
advancedCalculate(op, value): if op == "sqrt": return Math.sqrt(value)
if op == "pow": return Math.pow(base, exponent) if op == "%": return
value/100

5.5 Display & Formatting Module

Purpose: Update result screen, manage formatting/precision.
Flowchart: Receive result → Format to required decimal places → Display on text field.
Pseudocode:
updateDisplay(result): formatted = String.format("%.2f", result)
display.setText(formatted)

5.6 Memory Function Module

Implements MC (Memory Clear), MR (Memory Recall), M+ (Add to memory), M–
(Subtract from memory).
Pseudocode:
memoryStore = 0memoryAdd(value): memoryStore += valuememorySubtract(value):
memoryStore -= valuememoryRecall(): return memoryStorememoryClear():
memoryStore = 0
5.7 Error Handling Module
Validates inputs and catches runtime errors like divide-by-zero.
Flowchart: Try operation → If error, show alert message and reset state.
Pseudocode:
try: result = calculate(a, b, op)except DivideByZeroException:
showMessage("Cannot divide by zero") resetCalculator()

5.8 Data Persistence/Settings Module (Optional)

Saves user preferences such as last theme or previous calculation to a small properties
file.
Pseudocode:
saveSettings(theme, lastCalc): props = new Properties()
props.put("theme", theme) props.put("lastCalculation", lastCalc)
props.store(new FileOutputStream("settings.properties"))

6. Technologies Used
Language: Java (JDK 17 or later)
GUI: Swing / AWT
IDE: IntelliJ IDEA / Eclipse / NetBeans
Build Tool: Maven or Gradle
Testing: JUnit
Version Control: Git/GitHub
OS: Windows / Linux / macOS

7. Expected Outcome
A stand-alone Java desktop calculator capable of basic and optional scientific
calculations with a user-friendly GUI.
8. Future Enhancements
Full scientific calculator (trigonometric/logarithmic functions).
Port to Android using Java/Kotlin.
Add voice input/output features.

Suggestions to Reach 20 Pages

Create separate pages for each module, embedding:
Flowchart images from draw.io or MS Visio.
Pseudocode blocks with explanations.
Add screenshots of the running calculator GUI.
Include UML Class & Sequence diagrams.
Provide test cases and sample outputs.
Write a conclusion and a future scope section in detail.

Would you like me to package this into a Word (docx) template with placeholders for
your actual flowchart images and screenshots?
You said:
Include UML Class & Sequence diagrams.
Below is an extended synopsis section with UML Class and Sequence diagram
details you can include in your 20-page final report for the Calculator Program in
Java. Because UML diagrams are visual, I’m providing:
Descriptions of the diagrams (to guide you when drawing them in a tool such as
draw.io, Lucidchart, StarUML, or MS Visio).
PlantUML/mermaid code snippets you can paste into any UML generator to produce
actual diagrams.
9. UML Diagrams
9.1 UML Class Diagram
Purpose: Represents the static structure of the calculator application—its classes,
attributes, methods, and relationships.
Main Classes & Responsibilities:

Class Key Attributes Key Methods Notes

CalculatorFrame displayField:JTextField, initUI(), Main GUI
buttons:JButton[] actionPerformed() container;
implements
ActionListener.
CalculatorController model:CalculatorModel, processInput(String Handles events
view:CalculatorFrame input) and mediates
between View
and Model.
CalculatorModel currentValue:double, calculate(double, Performs
operator:String double, String), reset() arithmetic and
stores state.
MemoryModule memoryValue:double add(double), Optional
subtract(double), memory
recall(), clear() functions.
AdvancedOperation – sqrt(double), Optional
s power(double,double), advanced math.
percentage(double)
ErrorHandler – handleDivideByZero(), Manages error
handleInvalidInput() messages and
exceptions.

Relationships:
CalculatorFrame ↔ CalculatorController: Association (Controller listens to UI events).
CalculatorController → CalculatorModel: Association (calls calculate methods).
CalculatorModel → AdvancedOperations and MemoryModule: Optional dependency.
PlantUML Code for Class Diagram (paste into plantuml.com/plantuml):
@startumlclass CalculatorFrame { - JTextField displayField - JButton[]
buttons + initUI() + actionPerformed(ActionEvent)}class
CalculatorController { - CalculatorModel model - CalculatorFrame view
+ processInput(String)}class CalculatorModel { - double currentValue -
String operator + calculate(double,double,String) + reset()}class
MemoryModule { - double memoryValue + add(double) + subtract(double)
+ recall() + clear()}class AdvancedOperations { + sqrt(double) +
power(double,double) + percentage(double)}class ErrorHandler { +
handleDivideByZero() + handleInvalidInput()}CalculatorFrame -->
CalculatorControllerCalculatorController -->
CalculatorModelCalculatorModel ..> AdvancedOperationsCalculatorModel ..>
MemoryModuleCalculatorController ..> ErrorHandler@enduml

9.2 UML Sequence Diagram

Purpose: Shows the runtime interaction among objects when the user performs a
sample operation—e.g., press “8 + 2 =”.
Participants: User → CalculatorFrame (View) → CalculatorController →
CalculatorModel → CalculatorFrame.
Step-by-Step Flow:
User clicks “8” → CalculatorFrame sends processInput("8") to CalculatorController.
Controller sets the current operand in CalculatorModel.
User clicks “+” → Controller stores operator in the model.
User clicks “2” → Controller sets second operand.
User clicks “=” → Controller calls calculate() on CalculatorModel.
Model returns result to Controller.
Controller updates CalculatorFrame to display the result.

PlantUML Code for Sequence Diagram:

@startumlactor UserUser -> CalculatorFrame : click "8"CalculatorFrame ->
CalculatorController : processInput("8")CalculatorController ->
CalculatorModel : setOperand(8)User -> CalculatorFrame : click
"+"CalculatorFrame -> CalculatorController :
processInput("+")CalculatorController -> CalculatorModel :
setOperator("+")COLLEGE FINAL YEAR PROJECT SYNOPSIS1. Student DetailsName:
Prasad JadhavRoll No.: 12Class & Division: TY.B.Sc. (IT)Project Guide: [Enter
Guide’s Name]2. Project TitleCALCULATOR PROGRAM IN JAVA3. Project OverviewThe
project aims to design and implement a fully functional desktop calculator
using Java Swing for the GUI and object-oriented programming principles for
internal logic. The calculator supports basic arithmetic and can be extended
with advanced mathematical operations.Key goals:Provide a clean and intuitive
interface.Demonstrate MVC architecture.Ensure robust input validation and
error handling.4. Proposed System ArchitectureThe application follows the
Model–View–Controller (MVC) pattern:Layer RoleModel Encapsulates
calculation logic and stores current state.View GUI created using Swing
components (JFrame, JButton, JTextField).Controller Handles user
interactions, event listeners, and communication between View and Model.5.
Major Modules (Detailed)5.1 User Interface (UI) ModulePurpose: Build the main
calculator window, layout buttons and display field.Key Classes:
CalculatorFrame, ButtonPanel.Flowchart (Textual Description):Start →
Initialize JFrame → Create text display → Create digit & operator buttons →
Set GridLayout → Attach ActionListeners → Display window.Pseudocode:initUI():
frame = new JFrame("Calculator") display = new JTextField() buttons =
createButtons(["0-9", "+", "-", "*", "/", "=", "C"]) for b in buttons:
addActionListener(b, this) frame.add(display, BorderLayout.NORTH)
frame.add(buttonPanel, BorderLayout.CENTER) frame.setVisible(true)5.2 Input
Handler ModulePurpose: Capture and validate button or keyboard input.Key
Classes: InputHandler, ActionListener.Flowchart:Start → Wait for
button/keyboard input → Identify type (digit/operator/control) → Validate →
Send to Controller.Pseudocode:onActionPerformed(event): input =
event.getSource().getText() if input is digit or operator or control:
controller.processInput(input)5.3 Arithmetic Operations ModulePurpose: Execute
core operations—addition, subtraction, multiplication,
division.Flowchart:Receive operands & operator → Perform calculation → Return
result → Update display.Pseudocode:calculate(a, b, operator):
switch(operator): case '+': return a + b case '-': return a - b
case '*': return a * b case '/': if b == 0: throw
DivideByZeroException else return a / b5.4 Advanced Operations
Module (Optional/Scientific)Handles square root, percentage, power,
etc.Flowchart:Check function type → Perform corresponding Java Math operation
→ Return result.Pseudocode:advancedCalculate(op, value): if op == "sqrt":
return Math.sqrt(value) if op == "pow": return Math.pow(base, exponent)
if op == "%": return value/1005.5 Display & Formatting ModulePurpose: Update
result screen, manage formatting/precision.Flowchart:Receive result → Format
to required decimal places → Display on text
field.Pseudocode:updateDisplay(result): formatted = String.format("%.2f",
result) display.setText(formatted)5.6 Memory Function ModuleImplements MC
(Memory Clear), MR (Memory Recall), M+ (Add to memory), M– (Subtract from
memory).Pseudocode:memoryStore = 0memoryAdd(value): memoryStore +=
valuememorySubtract(value): memoryStore -= valuememoryRecall(): return
memoryStorememoryClear(): memoryStore = 05.7 Error Handling ModuleValidates
inputs and catches runtime errors like divide-by-zero.Flowchart:Try operation
→ If error, show alert message and reset state.Pseudocode:try: result =
calculate(a, b, op)except DivideByZeroException: showMessage("Cannot divide
by zero") resetCalculator()5.8 Data Persistence/Settings Module
(Optional)Saves user preferences such as last theme or previous calculation to
a small properties file.Pseudocode:saveSettings(theme, lastCalc): props =
new Properties() props.put("theme", theme) props.put("lastCalculation",
lastCalc) props.store(new FileOutputStream("settings.properties"))6.
Technologies UsedLanguage: Java (JDK 17 or later)GUI: Swing / AWTIDE: IntelliJ
IDEA / Eclipse / NetBeansBuild Tool: Maven or GradleTesting: JUnitVersion
Control: Git/GitHubOS: Windows / Linux / macOS7. Expected OutcomeA stand-alone
Java desktop calculator capable of basic and optional scientific calculations
with a user-friendly GUI.8. Future EnhancementsFull scientific calculator
(trigonometric/logarithmic functions).Port to Android using Java/Kotlin.Add
voice input/output features.Suggestions to Reach 20 PagesCreate separate pages
for each module, embedding:Flowchart images from draw.io or MS
Visio.Pseudocode blocks with explanations.Add screenshots of the running
calculator GUI.Include UML Class & Sequence diagrams.Provide test cases and
sample outputs.Write a conclusion and a future scope section in detail.Would
you like me to package this into a Word (docx) template with placeholders for
your actual flowchart images and screenshots?You said:Include UML Class &
Sequence diagrams.ChatGPT said:Below is an extended synopsis section with UML
Class and Sequence diagram details you can include in your 20-page final
report for the Calculator Program in Java.Because UML diagrams are visual, I’m
providing:Descriptions of the diagrams (to guide you when drawing them in a
tool such as draw.io, Lucidchart, StarUML, or MS Visio).PlantUML/mermaid code
snippets you can paste into any UML generator to produce actual diagrams.9.
UML Diagrams9.1 UML Class DiagramPurpose:Represents the static structure of
the calculator application—its classes, attributes, methods, and
relationships.Main Classes & Responsibilities:Class Key Attributes Key
Methods NotesCalculatorFrame displayField:JTextField, buttons:JButton[]
initUI(), actionPerformed() Main GUI container; implements
ActionListener.CalculatorController model:CalculatorModel,
view:CalculatorFrame processInput(String input) Handles events and mediates
between View and Model.CalculatorModel currentValue:double, operator:String
calculate(double, double, String), reset() Performs arithmetic and stores
state.MemoryModule memoryValue:double add(double), subtract(double),
recall(), clear() Optional memory functions.AdvancedOperations –
sqrt(double), power(double,double), percentage(double) Optional advanced
math.ErrorHandler – handleDivideByZero(), handleInvalidInput() Manages
error messages and exceptions.Relationships:CalculatorFrame ↔
CalculatorController: Association (Controller listens to UI
events).CalculatorController → CalculatorModel: Association (calls calculate
methods).CalculatorModel → AdvancedOperations and MemoryModule: Optional
dependency.PlantUML Code for Class Diagram (paste into
plantuml.com/plantuml):@startumlclass CalculatorFrame { - JTextField
displayField - JButton[] buttons + initUI() +
actionPerformed(ActionEvent)}class CalculatorController { - CalculatorModel
model - CalculatorFrame view + processInput(String)}class
CalculatorModel { - double currentValue - String operator +
calculate(double,double,String) + reset()}class MemoryModule { - double
memoryValue + add(double) + subtract(double) + recall() +
clear()}class AdvancedOperations { + sqrt(double) + power(double,double)
+ percentage(double)}class ErrorHandler { + handleDivideByZero() +
handleInvalidInput()}CalculatorFrame -->
CalculatorControllerCalculatorController -->
CalculatorModelCalculatorModel ..> AdvancedOperationsCalculatorModel ..>
MemoryModuleCalculatorController ..> [email protected] UML Sequence
DiagramPurpose:Shows the runtime interaction among objects when the user
performs a sample operation—e.g., press “8 + 2 =”.Participants:User →
CalculatorFrame (View) → CalculatorController → CalculatorModel →
CalculatorFrame.Step-by-Step Flow:User clicks “8” → CalculatorFrame sends
processInput("8") to CalculatorController.Controller sets the current operand
in CalculatorModel.User clicks “+” → Controller stores operator in the
model.User clicks “2” → Controller sets second operand.User clicks “=” →
Controller calls calculate() on CalculatorModel.Model returns result to
Controller.Controller updates CalculatorFrame to display the result.PlantUML
Code for Sequence Diagram:@startumlactor UserUser -> CalculatorFrame : click
"8"CalculatorFrame -> CalculatorController :
processInput("8")CalculatorController -> CalculatorModel : setOperand(8)User -
> CalculatorFrame : click "+"CalculatorFrame -> CalculatorController :
processInput("+")CalculatorController -> CalculatorModel :
setOperator("+")User -> CalculatorFrame : click "2"CalculatorFrame ->
CalculatorController : processInput("2")CalculatorController ->
CalculatorModel : setOperand(2)User -> CalculatorFrame : click
"="CalculatorFrame -> CalculatorController :
processInput("=")CalculatorController -> CalculatorModel :
calculate()CalculatorModel --> CalculatorController :
result=10CalculatorController --> CalculatorFrame :
updateDisplay(10)@endumlUser -> CalculatorFrame : click "2"CalculatorFrame ->
CalculatorController : processInput("2")CalculatorController ->
CalculatorModel : setOperand(2)User -> CalculatorFrame : click
"="CalculatorFrame -> CalculatorController :
processInput("=")CalculatorController -> CalculatorModel :
calculate()CalculatorModel --> CalculatorController :
result=10CalculatorController --> CalculatorFrame : updateDisplay(10)@enduml

10. Testing Strategy

10.1 Testing Objectives
Verify that the calculator performs correct calculations for all supported operations.
Ensure the GUI behaves as expected, with accurate input handling.
Validate error handling (e.g., divide-by-zero, invalid characters).
Confirm that optional modules (memory, advanced functions) work correctly.
10.2 Types of Testing
Test Type Description Tools/Method
Unit Testing Test individual classes and methods (e.g., JUnit
calculate(), memoryAdd()).
Integration Testing Verify correct interaction among Model, Manual +
View, Controller. JUnit
System Testing Ensure the complete application meets Manual
functional requirements.
GUI/Usability Testing Check layout, button responsiveness, and Manual
user experience.
Boundary & Edge Input extremes like large numbers, Manual/JUnit
Case Testing decimals, negative numbers.

10.3 Test Environment

Hardware: Standard PC (Windows/Linux/Mac).
Software: JDK 17+, IntelliJ/Eclipse, JUnit 5, GitHub for version control.
Dependencies: Java Swing for GUI.

11. Sample Test Cases

TC Test Scenario Input Expected Output Actual Statu
ID Result s
TC- Addition of integers 8+2= 10 10 Pass
01
TC- Subtraction 5–9= -4 -4 Pass
02 producing negative
TC- Multiplication with 2.5 × 4 = 10.0 10.0 Pass
03 decimals
TC- Division normal 10 ÷ 2 = 5 5 Pass
04
TC- Division by zero 8÷0= Error message Same Pass
05 “Cannot divide by
zero”
TC- Memory Add/Recall M+ after 15; 15 15 Pass
06 MR
TC- Chained operation 5+3×2= 11 (operator 11 Pass
07 precedence handled)
TC- Clear function Press C Display resets to 0 0 Pass
08 after input
TC- Large number 999999 × 9.99998E11 (approx) Same Pass
09 boundary 999999 =
TC- Advanced function: √16 4 4 Pass
10 square root

(Add extra columns like “Tester Name” or “Execution Date” if required.)

11.1 Unit Test Example (JUnit)

@Testpublic void testAddition() { CalculatorModel model = new
CalculatorModel(); assertEquals(10.0, model.calculate(8, 2, "+"), 0.0001);}

11.2 Integration Test Example

Scenario: Enter 8 + 2 = Steps:
Simulate button clicks “8”, “+”, “2”, “=”.
Verify that the CalculatorController passes correct operands to CalculatorModel.
Check that the display updates with “10”.

11.3 Bug Tracking & Reporting

All failed test cases are recorded in a Defect Log with severity, steps to reproduce, and
fix status.
Bugs are retested after fixes.

12. Limitations and Future Scope

12.1 Current Limitations
Limited Mathematical Functions
 The current version primarily supports basic arithmetic (addition, subtraction,
multiplication, division) and a few advanced operations such as square root and
percentage.
No built-in trigonometric (sin, cos, tan) or logarithmic functions.
Lacks complex number support.
Desktop-Only Deployment
Designed as a stand-alone Swing desktop application.
Cannot be accessed via a browser or mobile platform without significant modification.
Single-Threaded Design
Heavy or long-running calculations (e.g., large power/exponent computations) could
momentarily freeze the UI, as the program currently runs on the Event Dispatch Thread.
Minimal Data Persistence
Stores only temporary data (e.g., memory values) during a single session.
No history log of calculations once the program is closed.
User Interface Constraints
Basic look and feel provided by Swing; lacks modern responsive design.
No customization for accessibility features like screen readers or high-contrast mode.
Error Reporting
Error messages are simple and generic (e.g., “Error” for divide-by-zero).
No detailed diagnostic messages for more complex input issues.
Testing & Validation Scope
While JUnit unit tests exist, formal stress testing and security testing (e.g., malicious
input handling) have been limited.

12.2 Future Scope and Enhancements

Advanced Mathematical Capabilities
Incorporate scientific calculator features: trigonometric, logarithmic, exponential, and
statistical functions.
Add complex number operations and matrix calculations.
Cross-Platform and Web Integration
Re-engineer the application using JavaFX, Spring Boot, or a RESTful API for web-
based deployment.
Provide a mobile version using Android (Java/Kotlin) or a progressive web app.
Enhanced UI/UX
Implement a modern, responsive interface with themes and dark mode.
Add touchscreen and gesture support for tablets and hybrid devices.
Introduce accessibility features, such as keyboard shortcuts, voice input, and screen-
reader compatibility.
Performance Improvements
Employ multi-threading or background workers to handle heavy computations without
freezing the UI.
Optimize algorithms for high-precision arithmetic.
Data Persistence & History
Enable a calculation history log, allowing users to view, search, and reuse previous
calculations.
Provide an option to export history to files (CSV, PDF).
Cloud Synchronization
Offer user accounts and cloud-based storage so calculation history and preferences are
accessible across devices.
Security Enhancements
Validate and sanitize all inputs to guard against injection attacks when the calculator is
extended to the web.
Provide secure preference storage if user accounts are implemented.
Integration with Other Systems
API support for embedding the calculator into educational platforms, point-of-sale
systems, or financial applications.
Artificial Intelligence Features
Voice-activated calculations using natural language processing.
Intelligent error correction (e.g., “Did you mean 2^3 when you typed 23?”).
Conclusion
By recognizing these limitations and planning for the outlined future enhancements, the
Calculator Program can evolve from a simple academic project into a feature-rich,
enterprise-grade application suitable for real-world deployment across multiple
platforms.