Class 9 Computer – Full Detailed Notes (50 Marks
Exam)
1. Types of Hardware
• Hardware = Physical components of a computer which we can touch and see.
• Categories: Input devices, Output devices, Storage devices, Processing devices.
• Input Devices: Keyboard, Mouse, Scanner, OCR, MICR, Barcode Reader, Webcam,
Microphone.
• Output Devices: Monitor (CRT, LCD, LED), Printers (Inkjet, Laser, Dot Matrix), Speakers,
Headphones, Plotter, Projector.
• Storage Devices: Primary (RAM, ROM), Secondary (HDD, SSD), Optical (CD, DVD, Blu-ray),
Portable (Pen drive, Memory card).
• Processing Devices: CPU = ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit), CU (Control Unit), Registers, Cache.
2. Types of Software
• Software = Set of instructions/programs that tell the hardware what to do.
• System Software: Controls hardware. Includes Operating System (Windows, Linux, macOS,
Android) and Utility Software (Antivirus, Backup, File Compression).
• Application Software: Helps perform specific tasks. Examples: Word Processors (MS Word,
Writer), Spreadsheets (Excel, Calc), Presentation tools (PowerPoint, Impress), Browsers
(Chrome, Firefox).
• Programming Software: Used for writing programs. Examples: Compilers, Interpreters,
Assemblers, IDEs (Eclipse, NetBeans).
3. [Link]
• Open-source office suite similar to MS Office.
• Writer: Word processor for documents, reports. Features: Bold, Italic, Tables, Page layout, Mail
Merge.
• Calc: Spreadsheet for numerical data. Features: Formulas (=A1+B1), Functions (SUM,
AVERAGE, MAX, MIN), Charts.
• Impress: Presentation software. Features: Slides, Templates, Animations, Transitions.
• Base: Database application. Components: Tables, Queries, Forms, Reports.
• Draw: Graphics tool for flowcharts, diagrams.
• Math: Equation editor for mathematical formulas.
4. Computer System
• A Computer System = Combination of hardware, software, peopleware, and data.
• IPO Cycle: Input → Processing → Output → Storage.
• Components: Hardware (physical parts), Software (programs), Peopleware (users), Data (facts
and figures).
5. Basics of Operating System
• Operating System (OS) = System software that acts as interface between user and hardware.
• Functions: File Management, Memory Management, Process Management, Device (I/O)
Management, Security, User Interface, Networking.
• Types of OS: Batch (jobs in batches), Time-Sharing (multiple users share CPU), Real-Time
(immediate response e.g. traffic control), Distributed (uses multiple interconnected computers),
Multiprogramming (multiple programs run), Mobile OS (Android, iOS).
• Examples: Desktop (Windows, Linux, macOS), Mobile (Android, iOS), Server (UNIX, Red Hat
Linux, Windows Server).
Exam Writing Tips
• Always write definitions + examples.
• Use diagrams (IPO cycle, Computer system) wherever possible.
• For OpenOffice, write component name + main use.
• Write answers in bullet/point form for clarity.
