DNA FINGERPRINTING
SIMULATION
INDEX
INTRODUCTION
PRINCIPLE
MATERIALS REQUIRED
PROCEDURE
OBSERVATION
RESULT
CONCLUTION
APPLICATION
INTRODUCTION
DNA fingerprinting, also known as DNA
profiling, is a technique used to identify
individuals by characteristics of their
DNA. It is used extensively in forensic
science, parental identification, and
biodiversity studies. The original method
involves restriction enzymes and gel
electrophoresis. In this project, we
simulate the method using paper and
markers for educational purposes.
PRINCIPLE
Each individual has a unique DNA sequence. DNA
fingerprinting involves breaking the DNA into
fragments using restriction enzymes and separating
these fragments based on size using gel
electrophoresis. These create banding patterns which
can be compared to identify individuals or determine
genetic relationships.
In this project, we stimulate:
Restriction fragment patters using color bands on
paper.
Electrophoresis lanes using vertical strips.
DNA comparison using visual analysis.
MATERIALS REQUIRED
White chart paper or A4 sheets
Colored markers/sketch pens
Scissors
Pencil and ruler
Glue or tape
Labels(for lanes: crime scene, suspect A,B,etc)
PROCEDURE
1.Prepare the Gel Background:
Draw a large rectangle (symbolizing the gel) on
chart paper.
Segment it into 5–6 vertical lanes using a ruler.
Label the lanes: Crime Scene, Suspect A, Suspect
B, etc.
2. Create DNA Sample Strips:
Cut small strips of paper (approximately 1 inch
wide).
Use different colored markers to create 3–6 bands
at varying heights (positions) on each strip.
3. Paste the Strips:
Attach each DNA strip to its corresponding lane on
the gel background.
Ensure the strips are aligned at the top, as the
bands depict DNA fragments moving through the
gel.
4.Match the Patterns:
Visually examine each suspect’s band pattern
against the crime scene DNA pattern. The
individual whose DNA pattern aligns with all the
bands is identified as a match.
OBSERVATION TABLE
S.No Sample Band pattern Match with
crime scene
1 Crime scene Red,Green, Blue -
2 Suspect 1 Red, Blue,Green Yes
3 Suspect 2 Red,Blue,Yellow No
4 Suspect 3 Red,Green,Pink No
Result
The DNA fingerprint of Suspect A matches exactly
with the Crime Scene DNA, indicating that Suspect A
is the likely individual involved in the case.
Conclusion
This simulation successfully demonstrates the process
of DNA fingerprinting. By comparing DNA fragment
patterns, we can identify individuals with high
accuracy. The model clearly shows how this powerful
technique is used in real-life forensic investigations
and genetic analysis.
