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CLIMAX COLLEGE OF EDUCATION

NEAR BAUCHI MEAT FACTORY RAILWAY, BAUCHI

A HAND OUT ON:

CSC124
METHOD OF TEACHING COMPUTER SCIENCE

BY:

MALAM SHU’AIB BAWAH

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INTRODUCTION TO THE TEACHING PROFESSION

Brief Historical Background of Teaching: Teaching is one of the oldest professions in

the world. In traditional African societies, education was informal and centered around
the family and community. Elders and religious leaders served as teachers. With the
advent of Western education, formal systems of teacher training emerged, and teaching
became more structured and institutionalized.

In Nigeria, teacher training institutions such as Teacher Training Colleges, Colleges of

Education, and Faculties of Education in universities were established to produce
qualified teachers for the education system.

Meaning of the Teaching Profession

The teaching profession refers to the occupation or career of individuals who are trained,
qualified, and committed to educating and facilitating learning among students. It is a
noble, service-oriented, and knowledge-based profession that plays a vital role in the
personal, intellectual, and moral development of individuals and society at large.

Teaching profession is the foundation of all other professions. It requires not only
academic qualifications but also moral integrity, emotional intelligence, and a genuine
passion for helping others grow. Teachers are indispensable in the quest for a better
society and national development. Investing in the training, welfare, and recognition of
teachers is essential for the progress of any nation.

Teaching is not just a job; it is a calling that requires passion, dedication, and a sense of
responsibility. Teachers are responsible for shaping the future of learners by equipping
them with the necessary knowledge, skills, values, and attitudes needed for life and work.

Characteristics of a Profession
The teaching profession shares many characteristics with other recognized professions
such as law, medicine, and engineering. These characteristics include:
1. Specialized Knowledge: Teachers possess expertise in subject matter and
pedagogy.
2. Professional Training: Teachers undergo formal education and training in colleges
of education or universities.
3. Code of Ethics: Teachers are guided by professional codes of conduct that ensure
ethical behavior.
4. Commitment to Service: Teaching is service-oriented and focused on the growth
and development of others.

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5. Autonomy and Responsibility: Teachers make informed decisions in their

classrooms and are accountable for learners' progress.
6. Continual Professional Development: Teachers engage in lifelong learning to
improve their skills and knowledge.

Roles and Responsibilities of Teachers

Teachers play multiple roles in the educational system and society. These include:
1. Instructional Role: Planning and delivering lessons to facilitate learning.
2. Mentoring Role: Guiding and advising students on academic and personal matters.
3. Moral Role: Modeling and instilling good values, discipline, and character in
students.
4. Administrative Role: Keeping records, assessing students, and managing
classrooms.
5. Community Role: Participating in community development and acting as agents of
change.

Qualities of a Good Teacher

To be effective, a teacher must possess certain qualities, such as:
1. Mastery of Subject Matter
2. Effective Communication Skills
3. Classroom Management Skills
4. Patience and Tolerance
5. Integrity and Honesty
6. Empathy and Compassion
7. Creativity and Innovation
8. Professionalism and Dedication

Professional Ethics in Teaching

The Code of Ethics for Nigerian Teachers, developed by the Teachers Registration
Council of Nigeria (TRCN), outlines the expected conduct of teachers. Key ethical
principles include:

1. Respect for students’ rights and dignity.

2. Commitment to excellence and continuous learning.
3. Avoiding any form of abuse or discrimination.
4. Maintaining confidentiality and professionalism.
5. Promoting fairness, honesty, and justice.

Importance of Teaching Profession

1. Teachers produce doctors, engineers, leaders, and other professionals.

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2. Teachers promote social justice, equity, and responsible citizenship.

3. By imparting skills and knowledge, teachers contribute to a skilled workforce.
4. Teachers inculcate values, norms, and civic responsibilities in learners.

Challenges of Teaching Profession

1. Low salaries and benefits affect motivation and retention.
2. Many schools lack basic teaching and learning materials.
3. Teacher-student ratios are often high.
4. Teaching is sometimes viewed as less prestigious.
5. Frequent changes in education policies can affect the profession.

Agencies Regulating the Teaching Profession in Nigeria

1. Teachers Registration Council of Nigeria (TRCN): Registers and licenses qualified
teachers.
2. National Commission for Colleges of Education (NCCE): Supervises and regulates
Colleges of Education.
3. Universal Basic Education Commission (UBEC): Oversees basic education
implementation.
4. Federal and State Ministries of Education: Responsible for policy formulation and
implementation.

Pathways to Becoming a Professional Teacher

To become a qualified teacher in Nigeria, one must:
1. Enroll in a recognized teacher training institution.
2. Obtain a relevant teaching qualification such as:
o Nigeria Certificate in Education (NCE)
o Bachelor of Education (B.Ed.)
o Postgraduate Diploma in Education (PGDE)
3. Register with TRCN and obtain a professional license.
4. Engage in continuous professional development.

TEACHING METHODS AND THEIR STRATEGIES

1. Lecture Method: The lecture method involves the teacher delivering content verbally
to a large group of students. It’s a teacher-centered approach where information is
presented directly.

Strategies:
1. Use clear, structured presentations.
2. Incorporate visual aids (slides, charts).

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3. Pause to ask questions and check understanding.

4. Summarize key points at the end.
Example: A history teacher explains the causes of World War I am using a PowerPoint
presentation and occasionally asks questions to keep students engaged.

2. Discussion Method: This method encourages interaction between teacher and students
or among students themselves to explore ideas, clarify concepts, and develop critical
thinking.
Strategies:
1. Pose open-ended questions.
2. Encourage students to express opinions and argue points.
3. Facilitate balanced participation.
4. Summarize main ideas from the discussion.

Example: In a literature class, the teacher asks students to discuss the theme of justice in
a novel, encouraging debate and sharing perspectives.

3. Demonstration Method: The teacher shows the process or technique while students
observe. This is useful for skills-based learning.
Strategies:
1. Break down the process into clear steps.
2. Use visual aids or real objects.
3. Allow students to observe closely.
4. Follow up with practice opportunities.
Example: A science teacher demonstrates a chemical reaction experiment before students
perform it themselves.

4. Cooperative/Collaborative Learning: Students work in small groups to achieve a

common goal, helping each other learn through interaction and teamwork.
Strategies:
1. Assign roles within groups.
2. Set clear group goals and tasks.
3. Monitor group dynamics and intervene if necessary.
4. Encourage peer teaching and feedback.

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Example: Students in a math class work in groups to solve complex word problems,
discussing different approaches.

5. Inquiry-Based Learning
Students learn by asking questions, investigating, and discovering answers themselves,
fostering curiosity and problem-solving skills.
Strategies:
1. Encourage questioning and exploration.
2. Provide resources and guidance, not direct answers.
3. Promote hypothesis formulation and testing.
4. Guide reflection on findings.
Example: In biology, students investigate the impact of pollution on local water sources by collecting
samples and analyzing data.

6. Problem-Based Learning (PBL): Students learn through the experience of solving an

open-ended problem, which develops critical thinking and practical skills.
Strategies:
1. Present a realistic problem scenario.
2. Facilitate student-led research and discussion.
3. Encourage multiple solution pathways.
4. Assess both process and outcomes.
Example: Engineering students work on designing a water filtration system for a
community without clean water.

7. Role Play/Simulation: Students act out roles or simulate real-life situations to

understand concepts, practice skills, or explore perspectives.
Strategies:
1. Define clear roles and scenarios.
2. Provide background information.
3. Debrief after the activity to reflect on learning.
4. Encourage empathy and critical thinking.
Example: In a civics class, students role-play a town hall meeting debating a new law.

8. Use of Technology: Incorporating digital tools and multimedia resources to enhance

teaching and learning.

Strategies:
1. Use videos, animations, and interactive software.
2. Integrate online quizzes and polls.
3. Encourage use of educational apps and platforms.

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4. Facilitate virtual collaboration.

Example: Using an online platform for students to submit assignments, participate in
forums, and watch tutorial videos.
9. Individualized Instruction Tailoring teaching to meet the individual needs, pace, and
learning style of each student.
Strategies:
1. Assess students’ prior knowledge.
2. Provide personalized tasks and feedback.
3. Use adaptive learning technologies.
4. Allow self-paced learning.
Example: A teacher provides extra reading materials and exercises for advanced
students, while offering remedial help to others.
Teaching Method Key Strategy Example
Lecture Clear presentation, Q&A History lesson with slides
Discussion Open-ended questions Literature theme debate
Demonstration Step-by-step showing Science experiment demo
Cooperative Learning Group roles and tasks Group math problem solving
Inquiry-Based Learning Student questioning Biology water pollution study
Problem-Based Learning Real-life problem solving Engineering water filter design
Role Play/Simulation Acting roles Civics town hall simulation
Use of Technology Multimedia and apps Online quizzes and videos
Individualized Instruction Personalized tasks and pace Differentiated reading support

TEACHING METHODS AND STRATEGIES IN COMPUTER SCIENCE

1. Lecture Method
Strategy:
1. Explain fundamental theories, concepts, and algorithms.
2. Use slides with code snippets and diagrams.
3. Include live coding demonstrations.
Example: A teacher lectures on data structures, explaining arrays, linked lists, and
trees, showing example code on the projector.

2. Discussion Method
Strategy:
1. Discuss pros and cons of different programming languages or technologies.

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2. Debate ethical issues in AI or data privacy.

Example: Students debate the ethical implications of facial recognition technology in a
cybersecurity class.

3. Demonstration Method
Strategy:
1. Show step-by-step coding of algorithms or software tools.
2. Demonstrate debugging and testing techniques.
Example: Teacher demonstrates how to write and test a sorting algorithm in Python,
explaining each step live.

4. Cooperative/Collaborative Learning
Strategy:
1. Assign group projects to develop software or apps.
2. Peer code reviews and pair programming.
Example: Students form groups to build a simple web application, dividing roles into
frontend, backend, and testing.

5. Inquiry-Based Learning
Strategy:
1. Students research emerging technologies or programming paradigms.
2. Explore “how does blockchain work?” or “what is quantum computing?”
Example: Students investigate how blockchain secures transactions by researching
online and presenting findings.

6. Problem-Based Learning (PBL)

Strategy:
1. Present real-world computing problems.
2. Encourage students to design and implement solutions.
Example: Students tasked with creating an algorithm to optimize delivery routes for a
logistics company.

7. Role Play/Simulation
Strategy:
1. Simulate network security attacks and defenses.
2. Role-play client-developer interactions for requirement gathering.
Example: In a cybersecurity class, students simulate a penetration testing exercise
where some act as hackers and others as defenders.

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8. Use of Technology
Strategy:
1. Use coding platforms like GitHub, repl.it, or Jupiter Notebooks.
2. Integrate simulation tools, online IDEs, and version control.
Example: Students use GitHub to collaborate on a coding project, learning version
control and collaborative development.

9. Individualized Instruction
Strategy:
1. Provide extra challenges for advanced coders.
2. Offer remedial sessions on foundational programming skills.

Example: A student struggling with loops gets extra exercises and one-on-one tutoring,
while an advanced student works on building a mini game.

Summary Table for Computer Science:

Teaching Method Strategy Example

Lecture Theory + live coding Explaining sorting algorithms in
Python
Discussion Debate tech ethics Facial recognition ethical implications
Demonstration Step-by-step coding demo Writing and debugging code live
Cooperative Learning Group software development Building a web app in teams
Inquiry-Based Research tech concepts Investigate blockchain mechanics
Learning
Problem-Based Solve real-world computing Optimize delivery routes algorithm
Learning problems
Role Play/Simulation Network attack-defense Penetration testing exercise
simulation
Use of Technology Use coding platforms and tools Collaborating via GitHub
Individualized Tailored exercises and help Extra coding practice for struggling
Instruction students

EFFECTIVE INTEGRATION OF TEACHING METHODS, STRATEGIES, AND

TECHNOLOGY IN INSTRUCTIONAL DELIVERY OF COMPUTER STUDIES
The instructional delivery of Computer Studies requires a dynamic approach that
effectively blends diverse teaching methods, instructional strategies, and modern
technology to cater to the varied learning needs of students. Given the rapidly evolving
nature of computer technology and its applications, educators must adopt innovative and
engaging pedagogical practices to ensure that learners not only grasp theoretical concepts
but also develop practical skills necessary for the digital age.

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TEACHING METHODS IN COMPUTER STUDIES

Several teaching methods are vital for delivering computer studies content effectively:
1. Lecture Method: Useful for introducing new theoretical concepts such as
programming languages, computer architecture, and networking principles. Lectures
help provide foundational knowledge efficiently to large groups.
2. Demonstration Method: Essential for showing practical steps such as software
installation, coding techniques, or hardware troubleshooting. It allows students to
observe processes before practicing independently.
3. Discussion Method: Engages students in critical thinking about computer ethics,
cybersecurity issues, or emerging trends, fostering deeper understanding through
shared perspectives.
4. Collaborative Learning: Encourages group projects such as developing software
applications or conducting network simulations, enhancing teamwork and problem-
solving skills.

Instructional Strategies for Computer Studies

Instructional strategies further refine how teaching methods are applied:
1. Students work on real-world computing problems (e.g., debugging code or designing
databases), promoting active learning and critical thinking.
2. Students explore topics like artificial intelligence or machine learning through
guided research and experimentation.
3. Complex tasks such as programming are broken into manageable steps, with support
gradually reduced as students gain competence.
4. Tailors content and activities to accommodate diverse skill levels, ensuring both
beginners and advanced learners remain engaged.

Role of Technology in Instructional Delivery

Technology is a cornerstone in teaching computer studies, enabling hands-on practice and
interactive learning:
1. Computers and Software: Access to programming environments, simulation tools,
and productivity software enables practical experience and skill acquisition.
2. Multimedia Presentations: Videos, animations, and tutorials illustrate abstract
concepts like data flow or algorithms, making learning more accessible.
3. Online Learning Platforms: Learning Management Systems (LMS) such as
Moodle or Google Classroom facilitate resource sharing, assessments, and
communication beyond the classroom.
4. Virtual Labs and Simulations: Allow students to experiment safely with
networking setups, operating systems, or hardware configurations.

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5. Coding Platforms and IDEs: Tools like Visual Studio Code or Replit offer
immediate feedback and collaboration features that enhance programming learning.

Integrating Methods, Strategies, and Technology

The effective integration of teaching methods, instructional strategies, and technology
creates a rich, engaging, and productive learning environment:

1. Start with a concise lecture on a concept (e.g., loops in programming), followed by

a live demonstration in an Integrated Development Environment (IDE). Students
then engage in problem-solving exercises individually or in groups using coding
platforms.
2. Use collaborative tools like Google Docs or GitHub for group projects where
students develop software or websites. Facilitate online discussions to deepen
understanding of project requirements or challenges.
3. Utilize LMS analytics to identify students needing extra support. Offer
supplementary video tutorials and interactive quizzes to reinforce difficult topics
while providing advanced challenges for high-achieving learners.
4. Assign research-based projects where students use online databases and AI tools to
explore emerging computer science fields. Use flipped classroom models where
students review content at home and apply knowledge during class with instructor
support.
5. Employ automated grading tools for coding assignments, complemented by teacher
feedback. Use polls and quizzes during lessons to gauge understanding and adjust
teaching pace.

Benefits of Effective Integration

1. Students remain motivated through diverse and interactive learning activities.
2. Visual and hands-on experiences deepen conceptual grasp.
3. Practical use of technology builds competencies needed for the workforce.
4. Differentiated instruction ensures all learners progress effectively.
5. Collaborative and problem-based tasks simulate workplace scenarios.

EFFECTIVE INTEGRATION OF TEACHING METHODS, STRATEGIES, AND

TECHNOLOGY IN INSTRUCTIONAL DELIVERY OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
EDUCATION
Computer Science Education involves teaching foundational concepts like algorithms,
data structures, programming, and computational thinking, alongside practical skills such
as software development and system design. To prepare students for both academic
advancement and industry demands, educators must integrate diverse teaching methods,
instructional strategies, and technological tools effectively.

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Teaching Methods in Computer Science Education

1. Lecture Method: Used to introduce core theoretical topics such as algorithm
complexity, data structures, or software engineering principles.
2. Demonstration Method: Essential for illustrating programming syntax,
debugging processes, or software tools through live coding or walkthroughs.
3. Discussion Method: Enables students to debate ethical issues in AI, software
privacy, and cybersecurity, developing critical thinking.
4. Collaborative Learning: Students work in teams on coding projects, version
control exercises, or system design, reflecting real-world software development
practices.

Instructional Strategies for Computer Science

1. Problem-Based Learning (PBL): Students solve realistic computing problems
like building an app or optimizing code, encouraging critical analysis and
creativity.
2. Inquiry-Based Learning: Students investigate topics such as machine learning
algorithms or network security through research and experimentation.
3. Scaffolding: Complex concepts like recursion or multithreading are taught
stepwise, supporting mastery before moving to advanced topics.
4. Differentiated Instruction: Activities are tailored for different skill levels,
from novice programmers to advanced coders, ensuring appropriate challenges
and support.

ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY IN COMPUTER SCIENCE EDUCATION

1. Programming Environments (IDEs): Platforms like Visual Studio Code,
PyCharm, or Jupiter Notebooks provide interactive coding spaces with
debugging tools.
2. Version Control Systems: Tools such as Git and GitHub teach collaboration
and code management skills essential in the software industry.
3. Online Coding Platforms: Websites like LeetCode, HackerRank, and
Codecademy offer practice problems and tutorials with immediate feedback.
4. Virtual Labs and Simulators: Enable students to experiment with network
configurations, operating systems, or cloud computing resources.
5. Learning Management Systems: Moodle, Canvas, or Blackboard help
organize course content, assignments, and facilitate communication.

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Integrating Methods, Strategies, and Technology

1. Combining Theory and Practice: Begin lessons with concise lectures on data
structures, followed by live coding demos. Students then practice solving
algorithmic challenges on platforms like HackerRank.
2. Collaborative Development: Assign group projects where students use GitHub to
collaborate on coding tasks, mimicking industry workflows.
3. Personalized Learning: Use LMS data to identify students who struggle with
recursion or other topics, offering tailored tutorials and coding exercises.
4. Inquiry and Exploration: Encourage students to research emerging fields such as
quantum computing or AI ethics, presenting findings through multimedia projects.
5. Continuous Feedback: Implement auto-graded coding assignments supplemented
with instructor reviews and peer code critiques.

Benefits of Effective Integration

1. Engages students actively, making abstract concepts tangible.
2. Develops both theoretical understanding and practical software development
skills.
3. Encourages collaboration and communication, mirroring professional
environments.
4. Supports learners at different levels, fostering confidence and mastery.
5. Prepares students for rapidly evolving technological careers.

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