VRF installation InJoseLuisChinchayB

Installation Guide for Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF) Systems

 GUIDE FOR INSTALLING VRF SYSTEMS

Introduction to the installation

2. Installation of the units

2.1. Installation of the indoor unit

2.2. Installation of the outdoor unit

3. Refrigerant piping engineering

3.1. Processing of refrigerant pipes

3.2. Tightness test

3.3. Vacuum drying

3.4. Refrigerant recharge

4. Drainage pipe engineering

5. Pipe engineering

6. Thermal insulation engineering

7. Electrical Engineering

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 1. Installation Introduction

1.1 Select the cooling pipe for a V4+ modular type

1.1.1 Allowed length and vertical height in the refrigerant pipe:

Review the selection software and the manuals for each equipment to check the limitations of each system (mini
VRF V5x; VRF Heat recovery; VRF Water
Note: Each BRANCH equals 1.64 ft (0.5 m) of pipe length.

Note: All bifurcated tubes must be purchased from Midea; otherwise, the system will tend to fail.

1.1.2 Select the refrigerant pipe

Selection and verification of the branches.

In order to recalculate the Branches, the following table must be considered.

The total capacity of the

indoor units Branch
(× 100 W)
A < 166 FQZHN-01C
166 ≤ A < 230 FQZHN-02C
230 ≤ A < 330 FQZHN-02C
330 ≤ A < 460 FQZHN-03C
460 ≤ A < 660 FQZHN-03C
660 ≤ A < 920 FQZHN-04C
920 ≤ A < 1350 FQZHN-05C
1350 ≤ A FQZHN-05C

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 When there are several outdoor units in parallel, refer to the following table:
Amount of
Diameter of the unit pipe Bifurcated tube
units of Example plan
exterior in (mm) outdoors
exteriors

g1
2 8, 10 HP: 1(Φ 25.4)/1/2(Φ 12.7);
FQZHW-02N1C
12 ~ 16 HP: 1-1/4(Φ 31.8)/5/8(Φ 15.9)

g1
8, 10 HP: 1(Φ 25.4)/1/2(Φ 12.7);
L + M:
3 12 ~ 16 HP: 1-1/4(Φ 31.8)/
FQZHW-03N1C
5/8 (Φ 15.9);
G1: 1-1/2(Φ 38.1)/3/4(Φ 19.1)

g1
8, 10 HP: 1(Φ 25.4)Φ/12.7;
12 ~ 16 HP: L + M + N:
4
1-1/4(Φ 31.8)/5/8(Φ 15.9); FQZHW-04N1C
G1: 1-1/2(Φ 38.1)/3/4(Φ
19.1); G2: 1-5/8(Φ
41.3)/7/8(Φ 22.2)

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 1.2 Installation procedure

1.2.1 Importance of the installation operation

Effects of installation problems on the equipment:

Refrigerant pipe leak

Insufficient refrigerant Operation Compressor failure

Overcoate ntado

Blockage of the pipe

of soda with dirt

As a result of the chemical reaction between ice or water of

Moisture in the pipe
accelerated parts and the refrigerant damages the insulation of the
of soda
compressor motor

Poor heat dissipation of the outdoor unit

Installation Exchange effect of chello

r Degraded efficiency or
incorrect degradation of unit in interior abnormal protection

There is no space to serve icio

m
which makes the understanding to
difficult

There is no insulation test for the line.

power supply
Damaged electrical parts

Cross connection between the cable of

power supply and signal

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 1.2.2 General procedure
Realization of the pre-installation of the piping Ensure that the water drainage pipe slopes downward.

Installation of the indoor unit I will check the model to avoid an incorrect installation.

Refrigerant Piping Engineering Keep the refrigerant pipes straight, clean, and sealed.

Engineering of drainage water pipes Downward inclination

Air duct engineering Ensure sufficient ventilation.

Thermal insulation engineering............................Make sure there is no space between the materials of the
thermal insulation

Electrical engineering ...................................................................... Select the correct power cables

signal cable use armored cables with 3 cores

Configuration on the site ............................... Follow the wiring diagram (to avoid an incorrect installation)
Construction work for the outdoor unit Avoid short-circuiting the ventilation and ensure enough space for
service

Installation of the outdoor unit

Tightness test ....................................... Check if the air pressure is maintained at 4.0 MPa (R410a)
after making the correction within 24 hours

Vacuum drying Use an empty bomb with a vacuum of less than -775 mmHg

Refrigerant recharge ................................. Record the amount of refrigerant to be recharged in the unit.
exteriors and document it

Installation of the decorative panel ............................. Ensure there is no space between the decorative panel and the ceiling

Testing and commissioning operation. .....Make the indoor units work one by one to check.
o installed pipe cable
if there is any incorrectly

Deliver the operating instructions Deliver the materials related to providing instructions
operation to the user

Note: The general procedure for the refrigerant machine is subject to changes according to the
situation

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 1.2.3 Procedure to install indoor units
Confirm the position Label positioning Install the units
uninstallation uninstallation Install the hooks interiors

Note: 1. The hook must be strong enough to support the weight of the indoor unit.
2. Check the indoor unit models before installation.
3. Pay attention to the main devices, such as the piping.
Leave enough room for maintenance.
1.2.4 Refrigerant piping procedure
Install the units
of interiors Install plumbing Weld Add nitrogen

Temporary piping Wash Pressure test Vacuum drying

1.2.5 Drainage pipe procedure

Install the drives of Connect the plumbing Check for leaks

interiors drainage of water

Thermal insulation of the drainage pipe y

test operation

Note: There is no need to insulate the drain pipe if you choose a plastic pipe.
1.2.6 Electrical wiring
Select the power supply for the indoor and outdoor units separately. Both
indoor and outdoor units must be properly grounded.
The power supply must have a specified bypass circuit with a circuit breaker.
differential and manual switch.
Place the connective wiring system between the indoor unit and the outdoor unit along with the
refrigerant piping system.
The power wiring must be carried out by a professional electrician and must comply with the
national electrical standards.
The power supply, the residual current device, and the manual switch of all the units of
Interiors that connect to the same outdoor unit must be universal. (Connect all the
power supplies for indoor units of a system on the same circuit.
It is suggested to use a three-core shielded cable as a signal cable between the units of
interiors and exteriors, multi-core cable cannot be used. Pay attention to the
uniformity. When the signal cable runs parallel to the power cable, maintain sufficient
distance (at least about 300 mm) to avoid interference.
The power cable and the signal cable cannot be linked together.

1.2.7 Layout of interior pipes

Note: Place the air outlet reasonably to avoid a short circuit in the airflow. Check that
the static pressure is within the permissible range. The air filters must be removable and washable.
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 easily. Perform a pressure test on the pipes.

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 1.2.8 Heat insulation procedure
Pipe work Check the part with Test of Work of
of soda thermal insulation pressure thermal insulation

Note: For the welding part, widen the section and the branching tube; the heat insulation work.
It should be carried out after the pressure test is completed.

1.2.9 Install outdoor unit

Note: 1. The gutter must be placed around the foundations to drain condensation water.
2. When installing the outdoor units on the roof, check the roof's strength and pay attention.
Attention not to destroy the roof waterproofing.

1.2.10 Refrigerant recharge procedure

Calculate the added volume according to the Reload

length of the liquid pipe Soda

Note: Calculate the additional amount of refrigerant of

according to the formula we provided, and the result
the calculation must be correct

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 1.2.11 Main points of testing and commissioning operations
Check the following points before turning on the power:
Vacuum drying: Ensure that the vacuum level meets our requirement
Wiring: Includes power wiring and communication wiring; check
again the connection according to our corresponding wiring diagrams.
Especially, remember that our communication cable has polarity; this means that it must
connect the communication cable correctly to the terminal block.
Additional refrigerant charge: Check the calculation formula again and recalculate the
total recharge volume according to the provided formula.
Open the shut-off valve of the gas and liquid pipes with an Allen key; check for leaks.
for leaks with soapy water. Confirm if the outdoor unit has been connected to the power supply
for 12 hours before starting the test operation.
Testing operation: Turn on all indoor units in cooling mode and set the
temperature at 17 degrees with a high fan speed first, then after the system operated,
test the following operational parameters of the system, including the parameters of the units of
interiors and the exterior units.

1.3 Installation Preparation

1.3.1 Audit of construction plans

Before installation, carefully read the related plans to understand the design intent, audit
the plans and then develop a detailed engineering organization plan, it is recommended to corroborate with
Midea software.
1. Ensure that pipe diameters and bifurcated pipe models comply with the
technical specifications.
2. Slope quotient, drainage mode, and thermal insulation of condensate water.
3. Construction of the duct and the air opening, and organization of the air ventilation.
4. Construction specifications, model, and control mode of the power cables.
5. Construction, total length, and control mode of the control cable.
The engineering construction personnel must strictly follow the construction plans during the
construction. If any changes are required, such changes must be approved by the design department and
it must be documented.

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 1.3.3. Engineering for the pre-installation of the pipes
Operating procedure
Communicate the requirements to the civil works sector and coordinate → Determine the position, size and
number of machines and the pre-installation of ducts → Check the pre-installation results
Piping layout
1. The condensation water pipe must have a downward slope (the slope must be for the
minus 1/100.
2. The diameter of the through hole for the refrigerant pipe must match the thickness of the material of the
thermal insulation that is considered (it is recommended to trace the gas and liquid pipes in two
separated columns).
3. Keep in mind that sometimes a through hole is not allowed due to the structure of the beam.

Viga D

L≥3× The part of the

Rod ≥ 150 mm (R1,R2) beam that doesn't
can
to spend
Var R1, R2 ≤ D/3

Important considerations:
1) When selecting the parts to be pre-installed, make sure that the weight of the ...
accessories.
2) In a situation where metal parts cannot be pre-installed, use expansion bolts and the same
make sure a sufficient load capacity.
Caution: The figure above is for reference only. It is not recommended to make holes in the beam or the wall.
of cutting. If such an operation is indeed required, consult the owner (or manager) of the property and the sector.
of civil works, and obtain written permission from the competent authority.
1.3.4 Warning
Ensure that only trained and qualified service personnel install, repair, or perform service.
to the team.
Incorrect installation, repair, or maintenance can cause electric shocks,
short circuits, leaks, fires, or other damage to the equipment.
Install strictly according to these installation instructions.
If the installation is defective, it will cause water leaks or fire from electric shock.

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 When installing the unit in a small room, take measures to prevent concentration of
refrigerant exceed the permissible safety limits in the case of a refrigerant leak. Contact
with the seller for more information. Excess refrigerant in a closed environment can
produce oxygen deficiency.
(4) Use the attached accessory parts and the specified parts for installation. Otherwise,
it will cause the system to fail, there will be water leakage, fire due to electrical shock.
Install in a sturdy and firm location that can support the weight of the assembly.
If the resistance is not sufficient or the installation is not done properly, the assembly will fall down and
(8) Before accessing the terminals, all power circuits must be disconnected. (9) The
The device must be positioned so that the plug is accessible.
The cabinet of the device must be labeled with words or symbols indicating the direction of fluid flow.
For electrical work, follow the wiring standards, regulations, and installation instructions.
local nationals. An independent circuit and a single outlet must be used.
If the capacity of the electrical circuit is insufficient or there are defects in the electrical installation, it will cause
fire due to electric shock.
Use the specified cable and connect it securely, ensuring that there is no external force.
in the terminal.
If the connection or the fastening is not perfect, it will cause heating or fire in the connection.
(13) The wiring layout must be configured correctly so that the cover of the panel
control is correctly fixed.
If the control panel cover is not properly secured, it will cause heating at the point of
terminal connection, fire or electrical shock.
If the power cord is damaged, it must be replaced by the manufacturer or their service agent or a
equally qualified person to avoid risks.
A disconnection switch for all poles must be connected to the fixed wiring with a
separation of contact of at least 3 mm at the poles.
(16) When connecting the pipes, be careful not to allow substances or air to enter the circuit.
of cooling.
Otherwise, it will cause reduced capacity, abnormally high pressure in the circuit of
cooling, explosion, and injuries.
Do not modify the length of the power cable or use an extension cord, and do not share the
outlet with other electrical devices.
Otherwise, it will cause fire or electric shock.
Carry out the installation work after considering strong winds, typhoons, or earthquakes.
Incorrect installation work can lead to equipment failure and cause accidents.
Warning: Not following a warning can result in death.

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 1.3.5 Caution
Connect the air conditioner to ground.
Do not connect the ground wire to gas or water pipes, lightning rods, or a telephone ground wire.
Incomplete grounding can cause electric shocks.
Make sure to install a ground fault circuit breaker.
Not installing a ground fault circuit interrupter can cause electric shocks.
Connect the cables of the outdoor unit, and then connect the cables of the indoor unit.
The air conditioner must not be connected to the power source until it has been
the wiring and pipes of the air conditioner have been completed.
(4) By following the instructions in this installation manual, install the drainage pipes to ensure a
proper drainage and insulating the pipes to prevent condensation.
Improper drainage pipes can cause water leaks and property damage.
(5) Install the indoor and outdoor units, the power supply wiring and the connection cables to
at least 1 meter away from televisions or radios to avoid interference in the image or noise. Depending on
Radio waves, a distance of 1 meter may not be enough to eliminate noise.
The device is not designed to be used by children or disabled individuals without supervision.
Children must be supervised to ensure that they do not play with the device.
Do not install the air conditioner in the following locations:
Where there is petrolatum.
Where there is salty air around (near the coast).
Where there is caustic gas (sulfuric, for example) in the air (near a spring).
In buses or shop windows.
In kitchens full of oil vapor.
Where there are strong electromagnetic waves.
Where there is flammable material or gas.
Where there are acidic or alkaline liquids evaporating.

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 2. Installation of the units

2.1. Installation of the indoor unit

2.1.1 Installation procedure
Determine the location of the installation → Trace and location → Suspension installation → Installation
from the interior unit
2.1.2 Precautions for installation and checking
1) Plan verification: Confirm the specifications, model, and installation instructions of the assembly.
Height: Make sure it is snug against the ceiling.
3) Resistance to suspension: The suspension must be strong enough to support twice
the weight of the interior unit to ensure that no vibrations or abnormal noises are generated when
make the set work.
4) When installing the indoor unit, make sure there is enough space available to install the
condensate water pipe.
5) Horizontal angle: It must be within ± 1°.
Purpose: To ensure a smooth drainage of condensation water. Also, to ensure stability of
machine body to reduce the risks caused by vibration and noise.
Problemas ocultos de una operación incorrecta:a. Fuga de agua; b. vibración y ruidos anormales
6) Ensure that there is sufficient service and maintenance (keep a maintenance hole open)
sufficiently large, typically 400 × 400 mm.
7) Avoid short-circuiting the ventilation.
Purpose: Ensure sufficient heat exchange of the indoor unit and good effect
air conditioning.
Risk of incorrect operation: Effect of poor air conditioning; abnormal protection of
set.
Hole
of
Diffuser
verification Box
electric

≥ 500 mm Return air intake

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 2.2. Installation of the outdoor unit
2.2.1. Acceptance and Unpacking
1. After the machine arrives, check if it was damaged during shipping. If the surface or the side
The interior of the machine is damaged, please send a written report to the shipping company.
2. Check if the model, specifications, and quantities of the equipment are in accordance with the contract.
3. After removing the outer packaging, keep the instructions in good condition.
operation and count the accessories.

2.2.2. Raising of the outdoor unit

Do not remove any packaging before hoisting the load. Use two ropes to lift the machine.
keep the machine balanced, and then lift it safely and steadily. In case there is no
packaging or if it is damaged, use plates or packing material to protect it. When moving and
Raise the outdoor unit, keep it upright, ensure that the tilt does not exceed 30º and
keep safety in mind.
2.2.3. Select an installation position
1. Make sure that the outdoor unit is installed in a dry and well-ventilated place.
2. Make sure that the noise or the ventilation from the outdoor unit does not affect the
neighbors of the property owner or the adjacent vents.
3. Make sure that the outdoor unit is installed in a well-ventilated location as close as possible to the
indoor unit.
4. Make sure that the outdoor unit is installed in a cool place without direct sunlight exposure or
direct radiation from a high temperature heat source.
5. Do not install the outdoor unit in a dirty or heavily polluted place to avoid blockage of the
heat exchanger of the outdoor unit.
6. Do not install the outdoor unit in an area with oil, salt, or high contamination.
harmful gases such as sulfur gas.

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 2.2.4. Base for the outdoor unit
A solid and correct foundation can:
1) Prevent the outdoor unit from sinking.
2) Avoid the abnormal noise generated due to the base.
2. Types of base
1) Steel structure base
2) Concrete base (see the figure below for the general construction method)

Outdoor unit

Pernode
expansion F
10
Rug of
Basement
rubber testing
concreto a = 200
of blows
mm
Soil o
ceiling
firm

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 Observation:
The key points for making the base:
The base of the master unit must be made on solid concrete ground. Please refer to the diagram.
for detailing the concrete base structure, or for making field measurements later.
To ensure that each point makes contact equally, the base must be completely
leveled.

3) If the base is located on the roof, the debris layer is not needed, but the concrete surface must
be flat. The standard mixing proportions of concrete are cement 1 / sand 2 / gravel (carpolite) 4, and
steel reinforcement bars of Φ10 are added; the surface of the cement and sand plasma must be flat;
the edge of the base must have an oblique angle.
4) To drain the dripping around the equipment, a discharge trench must be constructed around the base.
5) Check the roof's resistance to ensure the load capacity.

2.2.5. Important aspects of the installation for the outdoor unit

1. Install an isolator or a vibration isolation pad between the assembly and the base according to the
design specifications.
2. Ensure proximity between the outdoor unit and the base, or vibrations and noise may occur.
significant.
3. Make sure that the outdoor unit is well supported on the ground.
4. Before commissioning, do not open the gas or liquid pipeline valves of the outdoor unit.
5. Make sure there is enough space for maintenance available at the installation site.

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 2.2.6. Installation space for the outdoor unit.
A line:

1 m

Front Front
100-500mm

2) Two rows

1m

Front Front

Front Front
100-500 mm

More than two rows

1 m

Front Front

Front Front

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 When the outdoor unit is lower than the obstacle surrounding it,
Consult the arrangement used when the outdoor unit is higher than the obstacle that surrounds it. Without
embargo, to prevent the cross-connection of hot outside air from affecting the exchange effect of
heat, add an air deflector on the exhaust hood of the outdoor unit to facilitate the
heat dissipation. See the figure below. The height of the air duct is AD (called A-a). Make the
director in the place.

1 m

Front Front
100-500mm

For limited installation space

If various items are piled around the outdoor unit, these items must be 800 mm away.
underneath the top part of the outdoor unit. Otherwise, a device must be added
mechanical escape.

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 2.2.8. Arrangement of outdoor units
If more than two outdoor units are combined in the system, these outdoor units must be
arranged in descending order of their cooling capacity, and the outdoor unit with
The greatest cooling capacity should be located in the first branching pipe. In addition, the
the outdoor unit with the highest cooling capacity should be established as the master unit, and
the others as slave units.
The following case takes a system of exterior units of 40 HP (10 HP + 14 HP + 16 HP) as an example:
1) Locate the 16 HP outdoor unit next to the bifurcation pipe (see the figure below)
2) Arrange the outdoor units in descending order of cooling capacities; namely,
16 HP, 14 HP and 10 HP.
3) Set the 16 HP outdoor unit as the master unit and the outdoor units of
14 HP and 10 HP as slave units.
16 HP 14 HP 10 HP

Unit of
outdoors
(40 HP)

The ra
1 pipe unit of Unit of Unit of
forked interiors A interiors B interiors C

Observation: All outdoor units must be installed at the same level, or you can
causing an imbalance in the distribution of refrigerant and causing failures in the compressors. Although
The outdoor units V4+ can automatically balance the load due to their operation
system without master unit, it is still recommended to install the largest unit near the first bifurcation and
also establish it as a master unit.

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 3. Engineering of refrigerant pipes
3.1. Processing of refrigerant pipes
3.1.1 Basic requirements
Operating procedure
Determine the layout and size of the pipes according to the construction plans → Make and install it.

bracket, the suspender and the support → Arrange the pipe accessories → Recharge the nitrogen gas

para protección → Soldadura de latón → Drenaje de las tuberías → prueba de hermeticidad → Aislamiento

thermal → Vacuum drying

Three principles for refrigerant pipes
Item Reasons Countermeasure

Dry The rain enters/The water of

The process of the pipes
implementation enters/Water
it must be done with judgment
Cleaning by blowing Empty
of condensation
produced in the pipe

There is rust produced by Load nitrogen gas to prevent while welding

Cleaning welding\dust Cleaning by blowing
exterior miscellany Attention to cleanliness during the process of the
pipes
what enters

Use a suitable welding electrode for welding.

Imprecise welding Meet the criteria for the welding operation

Hermeticity hermeticity no
Tightness test
qualified Meet the criteria for the connection operation of
bell openings

Meet the criteria of the interface operation

Caution: Remove the copper oil pipe from a system that uses R410A
For the system using R410A, oil-free copper pipes must be selected (they can also be made of...
the measure). If common copper pipes (with oil) are used, they should be cleaned with a damp cloth with a
Perchloroethylene solution.
Objective of cleaning the copper pipe: Remove the lubricant (industrial oil used during processing of the
copper pipe) attached to the internal wall of the copper pipe. The ingredients of this lubricant are
different from the lubricant used by the refrigerant R410A, and will produce deposition by reaction, which will cause
complicated system failures.
Special note: Never use CCl4 for cleaning and draining pipes, or the system will suffer severe damage.

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 Support for the refrigerant pipe
1. Fixing of the horizontal pipe
When the air conditioner is running, the refrigerant pipe will deform (for example, it will shorten/
it will expand or tilt downward). To avoid damage to the pipe, use a suspender or support for
support it (see the table below for the criteria).
Diameter of the pipe (mm) Less than Ф 20 F 20-40 More than Ф 40

Distance between support points 1 1.5 2

(m)

In general, gas and liquid pipes should be suspended in parallel, and the distance between points of
Support should be selected according to the diameter of the air pipe. Since the temperature of the
The flowing refrigerant will change when the operating and working conditions change, which will result in
expansion due to heat and contraction due to cold of the refrigerant pipe, the pipe with thermal insulation does not
it must be held tightly; otherwise, the copper pipe may break due to concentration
of tensions.

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 2. Fixing of the vertical pipe
Fix the pipe next to the wall according to the piping layout. A circular trunk should be used in the clamp.
of the piping to replace the thermal insulating material; the U-shaped piping must be fixed on the outside of the
trunk, and the trunk must have anti-corrosion treatment.
Pipe diameter (mm) Less than Ф 20 F 20-40 More than Ф 40
Distance between support points 1. 5 2.0 2.5

3. Local fixation
To avoid stress concentration due to the expansion and contraction of the pipe, it is usually
requires local fixing between the through holes of the wall of the bifurcation pipe and the pipe of
point.
Requirements to install The Branch
When arranging the subset of the branching pipe, pay attention to the following:
Do not replace the branch pipe with a T pipe.
Follow the construction drawing and installation instructions to confirm the subset models.
of branch piping, as well as the diameters of the main and branch pipes.
3) Sharp curves (90º angle) and connections to another subset of piping are not allowed.
bifurcation at locations 500 mm away from the bifurcation pipe subset.
4) Try to install the fork pipe subset in a location that facilitates welding (if this is
impossible, it is recommended to prefabricate the subset.
5) Install the vertical or horizontal branch joints, and ensure that the horizontal angle is
within 10º. See the figure below:

U-shaped bifurcated pipe

View in direction A

Incorrect
Correct
o

Surface
horizontal

To prevent oil accumulation in the outdoor unit, install the branching pipes.
correctly.

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 7) To ensure correct refrigerant distribution, pay attention to the distance between the
subset of branching pipe and the horizontal straight pipe.
a. Ensure that the distance between the curve of the copper pipe and the section of horizontal straight pipe is
the adjacent branch pipe shall be greater than or equal to 1 m.
b. Ensure that the distance between the sections of horizontal straight pipes of the two pipes is
the adjacent bifurcation should be greater than or equal to 1 m.

c. Ensure that the distance between the branching pipe and the straight horizontal pipe section used for
connect the indoor unit to be greater than or equal to 0.5 m.

1m 0.5 m
>1m

Unit of
interior Unit of Unit of
interiors interiors

3.1.2. Storage and maintenance of copper pipe

Transport and storage of the pipe
1. Prevent the pipe from bending or deforming during transport.
2. Seal the openings of the copper tubing with plugs or adhesive tape during storage.
3. Position the coil vertically to avoid deformation due to its own weight.
4. Use a wooden support to ensure that the copper pipe is higher than the floor, so that the
the pipe is dust and water resistant.
5. Take dust and water-proof measures at both ends of the pipe.

Proper sealing of the openings

There are two ways to seal openings:
Seal with a cover or adhesive tape (suitable for short-term storage)
Sealing welding (suitable for long-term storage)
Caution: The openings of the copper pipe must be sealed throughout the construction.
Sealing method with cover or adhesive tape
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 Insert

Pipe Cover Take adhesive tape in the joint

discover unlock to screw tightlyf

Extremo
a beer o
Belt Take the tape up
PVC Aplaster initial extreme Wrap in ribbon

Pipe
discover

It is recommended to seal the openings of the pipe with a cover and adhesive tape.
Sealing welding method
Desoldering area
Pipe with a can
discover

2. Special attention:
1) When putting the copper pipe through the hole in the wall (it's easy for dirt to enter the pipe).

The end of the

the pipe must be
sealed

Interiors The tuberose

spare part
Exteriors it must also
being starry

When the copper pipe exits the wall, ensure that rainwater cannot enter the pipe.
particularly when the pipe is located vertically.
3) Before completing the pipe connection, seal the pipe openings with covers.
4) Locate the openings of the pipe vertically or horizontally.

Enter garbage (impurity) or moisture

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 Tube
Cover soda

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 Before putting the pipe outside the wall, seal the pipe opening with a cover.

Wall Bag cover Wall

plastic

Bell ringer Enter arena

(Flexible)

Do not place the pipe directly on the floor, or avoid it rubbing against the floor.

Cover or plastic bagca Arena

Do not touch Enter the pipe
Bell ringer
the floor
Soil Soil

7) When installing piping on a rainy day, remember to seal the openings first.
pipe.
Plastic lid or bag Rainwater enters the piping

Bell ringer (flexible)

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 Filled with nitrogen to protect the copper during brass welding
Purpose: To prevent rust from appearing on the inner wall of the copper pipe at high temperatures.
2. Risks of welding without protection:
If sufficient nitrogen is not fed into the refrigerant tube being welded, oxides will be generated in the
internal wall of the copper pipe. These oxides will block the refrigerant system, which will lead to
any type of failures such as compressor burnout or poor cooling efficiency. To avoid
these problems, continuously load nitrogen into the refrigerant line during welding with
bronze, and ensure that the nitrogen passes through the operating point until the welding is complete
and the copper pipe cools completely. The schematic diagram for the nitrogen charging is
show below.

part of copper tube

welding with from 1/4 in valve
brass

oxygen

pipe
high-pressure nitrogen load flexible tubing
of
charging connector of
copper
nitrogen
pipe connector of
copper

3. Performing the pipe joint for nitrogen charging

When soldering the pipe joint, connect the nitrogen charging joint to the connectors of the pipe to be
soldiers.
The nitrogen charging manifold is shown below:

the pipe connected to the nitrogen gas tank

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Jose Luis Chinchay B.
 4. Precautions for welding pipe connectors
1) Use a transition pipe.
2) Load nitrogen on the short pipe side, as the short distance can result in an effect
correctable nitrogen substitution.

soldering part with tin

nitrogen

direct connection board of

of piping pipe of
copper attendance

brass welding part

pipe elbows e
copen

pipe joint d e
attendance

5. Standard brass welding operation

welding piece copper tube valve of

with brass from 1/4 in valve decompression

oxygen nitrogen

pipe
of cwork high flexible pipe
connectors of nitrogen charge connector pressure
pipeline of
copper nitrogen gas tank

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Jose Luis Chinchay B.
 6. Important aspects
1) Ensure that the nitrogen pressure is around 3-4 psi during welding.
2) Ensure that the gas is nitrogen; oxygen will easily lead to an explosion, so it is prohibited.
3) Use a pressure reducing valve, and ensure that the charged nitrogen pressure is
approximately 3 psi
4) Select a correct position to charge nitrogen.
5) Ensure that the nitrogen passes through the welding points.
If the pipe between the nitrogen loading position and the welding point is quite long, ensure
that the nitrogen is loaded for enough time to remove all the air from the welding point.
7) After completing the welding, continuously load nitrogen until the pipe cools down.
completely.

8) Try to weld downwards or horizontally to avoid welding while looking down.

delaton welding

welding
side
welding big event
big party

down above

7. Precautions
Take fire prevention measures when welding (ensure that a fire extinguisher is available next to the
operation position.
2) Avoid getting burned.

Pay attention to the fitting hole of the position where the pipe is inserted.

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 3.1.5 Pipe cleaning
Copper pipe cleaning
1. Function: Use pressurized gas to wash the pipe (raw material or welded assembly) to remove dust,
garbage and humidity. Solid impurities are difficult to wash, so special attention must be paid to
the protection of the copper pipe during construction.
2. Purpose
Remove the rust dust or the layer of rust from the copper pipe.
2) Help to expel dirt and moisture from the pipe.
3. Risk in case of not washing:
If the solid impurities and the remaining moisture in the pipe could not be effectively removed,
Serious failures can occur, such as ice blockage, earth blockage, or the compressor getting stuck.
Washing procedure
1. Mount the pressure adjustment valve on the nitrogen gas tank. The applied gas must be
nitrogen. If polytetrafluoroethylene or carbon dioxide is used, there is a risk of condensation. If used
oxygen, there is a risk of explosion.
2. Use an inflation tube to connect the output of the pressure adjustment valve and the input to
the liquid pipe side of the outdoor unit.

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Jose Luis Chinchay B.
 pipe
of liquid
pipe
of gas
unit of
exteriors

nitrogen gas tank

Unit A Unit B

3. Use a blind plug to block all connectors on the copper line side of the liquid side.
(including unit B) safely, excluding interior unit A.
4. Open the nitrogen gas tank valve, and then gradually pressurize to 71 PSI.
through the adjustment valve.
5. Check if nitrogen has passed through the liquid line of the unit side.
interiors A. Cover the connector on the body side of the indoor unit with adhesive tape to prevent
let it enter the ground.

3.1.5.3. Detailed steps for washing

1. Keep the appropriate blocking material (such as a bag and cotton) to push against the opening.
from the main pipe on the gas side of the indoor unit.
2. When increasing the pressure to the point that the hands can no longer push against the opening, release.
quickly the opening (first wash).
Repeat step 1 and step 2 to wash again and expel the dirt (washing several times)

air pressure 0.5 MPa

Block of
side of the calico
wood

3. During the wash, place a piece of white cotton in the opening of the pipe to check, and
you may find some occasional dampness.
The way to properly dry the tubing is as follows:
Use nitrogen gas to wash the inside of the pipe until there is no dirt or moisture.
2) Perform the vacuum drying operation (see the vacuum drying of the refrigerant pipe)
MDV in detail).
3) Close the main nitrogen valve.
4) Repeat the operations above in the connected copper pipes of all units.
interiors.
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 5) Washing sequence: once the pipe is connected to the system, the washing sequence is from farthest to closest.
closer, that is, from the main unit, wash first from the furthest pipe opening to the
main unit (for example 1)-2)-3)-4)-5)-6)).

⑥ ⑤ ④ ③ ①

Caution: When washing a pipe opening, block all pipe openings connected to it.
opening.
6) Once the washing is finished, securely seal all openings connected to the atmosphere to
prevent dust, dirt, and moisture from entering.
3.1.6 Important aspects of the piping system installation
The piping between the outdoor units must be installed horizontally, the connecting piping of the
The space between said pipes cannot have a vertical drop.
2) The pipes between outdoor units cannot be higher than the outlets of the units. The type
of correct installation:

The type of incorrect installation:

3.2. Tightness test

3.2.1 Purpose and operating procedure of the tightness test
Purpose
Search for leak sources, ensure that there are no leaks in the system to prevent system failures.
due to refrigerant leaks.
Tips for the operation
Subsection detection, global pressure maintenance, pressurization adjustment.
Operating procedure
1. After the pipes of the indoor unit have been connected, weld the hole of the
Installation 110 3

Jose Luis Chinchay B.

 high-pressure side piping.
2. Weld the low pressure pipe side with the connector for the pressure gauge.
3. Slowly charge nitrogen into the gauge connector to perform the leak test.
4. After ensuring that the airtightness test has been passed, weld a low-pressure ball valve.
on the low pressure pipe side and connect a high pressure valve to the high pressure side of the
pipe.
Note: Nitrogen should not be allowed to be loaded through the ball valve after connecting the side.
from the low-pressure pipe, that is, the ball valve is not allowed to be pressurized directly; in case
Otherwise, the ball valve will get damaged and nitrogen will leak into the outdoor unit system.
through the ball valve.

1 4

Connect the liquid pipeline

(accessory, field installation)
Connect the gas pipe
3 Oil balance
5 Measurement point
Low pressure ball valve

3.2.2 Operation of the leak test

Operation procedure
1. When carrying out the leak test, ensure that the gas pipe and the liquid pipe are
keep completely closed; otherwise, nitrogen may enter the circulation system
from the outdoor unit. Both the gas valve and the liquid valve must be adjusted before the
pressurization.
2. Each refrigerant system must be pressurized slowly for both sides of the gas pipes and
liquid.
3. Use dry nitrogen as a medium to carry out the tightness test. The control diagram
The phases of pressurization are as follows:
Phase No. (pressure increase in phases) Criteria
1 Phase 1: a large leak appears after more than three minutes of pressurization at 42.5 There is none

2 Phase 2: a large leak appears after more than three minutes of pressurization with 213
fall of
3 Phase 3: a small leak appears after 24 hours of pressurization with R410A: 568
PSI pressure

4. Caution
The tightness test is carried out with pressurized nitrogen (R410A System: 40 kgf/cm). 2
2) Adopting oxides, flammable gas, or toxic gas is not allowed for carrying out the tightness test.
3) Before taking the maintenance pressure reading, let it rest for several minutes until
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Jose Luis Chinchay B.
 let the pressure stabilize, in order to record the temperature and the pressure value for future variations.
4) After the pressure maintenance is completed, lower the system pressure to 5 ~ 8 kgf/cm and 2
then I carried out pressure and storage maintenance.

3.3. Vacuum drying

3.3.1 Purpose and important aspects of vacuum drying
Purpose and important aspects of vacuum drying
1. Dehumidify the system to prevent ice blockage and corrosion. Ice blockage can cause
abnormal operation, while the collection can damage the compressor.
2. Remove the non-condensable gas from the system to prevent the components from oxidizing, fluctuations of the
system pressure, and inadequate heat exchange during the operation of the system.
3. Detect the source of the reverse rotation leak.
Vacuum pump selection

2. The vacuum pump discharge must be more than 4 l/s.

The precision of the vacuum pump must be more than 0.02 mmHg.

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Jose Luis Chinchay B.
 Important aspects of the R410A system:
After the vacuum process of the R410A refrigerant circuit has been completed, the vacuum pump stops
it will work and the vacuum pump lubricant will flow back into the air conditioning system, since the
the soft pipe is in vacuum. Also, the same will happen if the pump stops suddenly during
the operation. At this moment, different oils are mixed, which causes the system of
refrigerant circulation is not functioning correctly, so it is recommended to use a one-way valve
to prevent backflow of oil in the vacuum pump.

3.3.2 Vacuum operation procedure

The special vacuum drying procedures are as follows:

• Vacuum values 400-500 microns
• Empty time Minimum 2 hours (if there are doubts in the reading, it should be maintained on average)
in 12 hours).
• A triple empty must be generated

Note: It is required to be able to register at least 400 - 500 microns in the third vacuum.

3.4. Refrigerant recharge

3.4.1 Operating procedure for refrigerant recharging
Operation procedure
Calculatethevolumeofrefrigerantrequiredwiththelengthoftheliquidline→refrigerantrecharge.
The factory refrigerant volume does not include the refill amount for the extended piping.
Detailed steps for refrigerant recharge
1. Make sure that the vacuum drying has qualified before recharging the refrigerant.
2. Calculate the volume of refrigerant required by the diameter and the length of the liquid pipe.
3. Use an electronic scale or a fluid infusion device to weigh the volume of refrigerant.
reloaded.
4. Use a soft hose to connect the coolant tank, the pressure gauge, and check the valve of the
outdoor unit. and recharge in liquid mode. Before recharging, remove the air in the soft pipe and
in the manometer.
5. After finishing the refill, use a gas leak detector or soapy water to check for leaks.
refrigerant in the expansion section of the indoor and outdoor units.
6. Note the volume of refrigerant recharged on the indicator plate of the outdoor unit.
Caution
1) The refrigerant volume must be calculated according to the formula in the technical reference of the unit.
from outdoors. It is not allowed to calculate with the flow rate, with the pressure or the temperature, since the flow rate and
The pressure changes due to variations in temperature and length of the pipe.
In cold environments, use warm water and hot air to heat the refrigerant tank. Do not heat.
directly with llama.
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 Recharge of refrigerant R410A
If R410A refrigerant is used, the tool must be different. Please consider the following items before.
to recharge:
The different vacuum pump with a one-way valve.
The different manometer: the connector nut and the manometer are different.
3) Different soft tubing and connector.
4) The charging method is different. Recharge the outdoor unit with liquid phase.
The different leak detector.

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Jose Luis Chinchay B.
 3.4.2 Calculation of the volume of recharged refrigerant
Calculate the volume of refrigerant replenished with the length and diameter of the liquid line of the
indoor units
R410A
Equivalent refrigerant Equivalent refrigerant
Diameter of the Pipe diameter
for the length of the for the length of the
pipe of of liquid
pipe pipe
liquid
1 ftoz/ft 1 ftoz/ft
1/4" (6.4mm) 0.247(0.023) F 3/4 in(F 19.1) 31.247(0.270)
Diameter 3/8” (Diameter 9.5mm) 0.645(0.060) F 7/8 in(F 22.2) 43.977(0.380)
Diameter 1/2” (Diameter 12.7mm) 1.291(0.120) F 10 in(F 25.4) 60.179(0.520)
F5/8" (F15.9mm) 1.828(0.170) F1-1/8 in(F28.6) 78.695(0.680)
Calculation formula (R410A):
Therechargedvolume:R(oz)=(L1×0.247oz/ft)+(L2×0.645oz/ft)+(L3×1.291oz/ft)+(L4×1.828oz/ft)+(L5×
(31.247 oz/ft) + (L6 × 43.977 oz/ft) + (L7 × 60.179 oz/ft) + (L8 × 78.695 oz/ft)
Total real length of the liquid pipe of Ф1/4 in (in);
F 3/8 in (in);
L3 Total actual length of the liquid pipe of Ф1/2 in (in); L4: Total actual length of the liquid pipe of
F 5/8 in (in);
Total actual length of the liquid pipe of Ф3/4 in (in)
F 7/8 in (in);
Total actual length of the liquid pipe of Ф10 in (in);
F-1/8 in (in);

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Jose Luis Chinchay B.
 4. Drainage pipe engineering
4.1 Important aspects of drainage pipe installation
4.1.1. Principles of drainage pipe installation:
Slope
4.1.2. Important aspects of the drainage pipe installation:
1. Before installing the condensate water pipe, determine its layout and elevation to avoid
intersection with other pipes and ensure that the slope is smooth and straight.
2. Ensure that the two horizontal fluid pipes do not meet, and avoid reverse flow and
difficulties in drainage.
a. Correct connection:
drainage pipe drainage pipe

T of T of
drainage drainage

b. Incorrect connection:
drainage Drainage T e

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Jose Luis Chinchay B.
 Advantages of a correct connection:
There is no backflow in the pipe.
The slope of both pipes can be adjusted independently.
Disadvantages of an incorrect connection:
Interference in drainage.
2. The side of the bifurcation pipe with a large amount of fluid will flow towards the side with less.
amount, causing it to return water.
3. Distance between hangers:
Generally, the horizontal distance is from 0.8 m to 1 m and the vertical distance is from 1.5 m to 2.0 m. Each
the vertical pipe must be equipped with no less than two hangers. A distance between hangers is very
large for the horizontal pipe will create warping, resulting in resistance with the air.
4. The highest point of the drainage pipe must be designed with a hole to ensure that the water
the condensation drains smoothly. The air outlet hole should point downwards to
prevent dirt from entering the pipe.

5. After completing the connection, conduct a water flow test and an overflow test to
test the pipes to check the drainage flow and the leakage of the piping system.
6. Use specific glue to bond the seams of thermal insulation materials, and then a
with rubber or plastic adhesive tape. The width of the adhesive tape should not be less than
50 mm to ensure fit and avoid condensation.
7. The air conditioner's drainage pipe must be installed separately from others.
drainage pipes of the building.
8. The slope of the drainage pipe must be greater than 1/100.

(1 cm/1
m)
more than
1/100

9. In case a slope of 1/100 cannot be applied, consider using a larger pipe.

size and use its diameter to create the slope.
10. The flow to the horizontal pipe should come from above as much as possible. If it comes from a route
transversal, it is easy for reflux to occur.

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Jose Luis Chinchay B.
 4.1.3. Caution
1. The diameter of the drainage pipe must meet the drainage requirement of the unit.
interiors.
2. The air outlet ventilation cannot be installed near the lift pump of the indoor unit.
3. Check if the condensation water pump can be started and stopped normally.
putting water in the container tray of the indoor unit and turning it on.
4. All joints must be tight (particularly those of PVC pipes).
5. The drainage pipe is not allowed to have a negative slope, be horizontal, or have bends.
6. The dimensions of the drainage pipe must not be less than those of the drainage pipe inlet.
from the interior unit.
7. Work on the thermal insulation of the drainage pipe; otherwise, it is easy to produce
condensation. Thermal insulation processes must be continued up to the connection with the unit
of interiors.
8. Indoor units with different drainage patterns should not share the same pipe.
drainage.
9. The discharge of condensate water should not affect the normal life and work of other people.
10. If there is a long drainage pipe, a bolt should be used to hang it to ensure a
slope of 1/100 without bending the PVC pipe.
The support distance of the horizontal pipe is 0.8-1.0 mm. If the distance is too large,
It will produce bending and air resistance. Air resistance could seriously influence the flow smoothness.
of water and cause an abnormal water level. As shown in the following figure:

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 very large distance

gas bubble

4.2 Water storage elbow of the drainage pipe

4.2.1. In the indoor units with a large negative pressure at the tray outlet
water container, the drainage pipe must be equipped with a storage elbow.
Function of the water storage elbow:
When the indoor unit is operating, avoid generating negative pressure which will cause difficulty in
the drainage will either push water out through the air outlet.

Installation of the water storage elbow:

1. Install the water storage code as shown in the following figure: A (height) must be above
above 1-31/32 ft (50 mm).
Install a water storage elbow for each unit.
3. When installing, consider that it should be convenient for cleaning in the future.

unit of
interior s
stopper

4.3.4. Process of concentrated drainage operation

Install the indoor unit → connect the drainage pipe → perform passage and overflow tests
from water → thermally insulate the drainage pipe

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Jose Luis Chinchay B.
 Caution:
Increase the drainage point as much as possible and reduce the number of indoor units.
connected, to ensure that the main horizontal drainage pipe is not too long.
2) Units with a drainage pump and those with natural drainage must converge in different
separate drainage systems.
Add two elbows at the air outlet, and ensure that the opening points downward to prevent anything from entering.
land to the pipe and I covered it.

vent

gradient of 1/100 or greater

4.4 Elevation of the drainage pipe (for the unit with lift pump)
4.4.1. Installation of the lift pipe
1. When connecting the drainage pipe to the indoor unit, use a fastener included with the unit to
Fix it. Using glue to ensure the comfort of repairs is not allowed.
2. To ensure a slope of 1/100, the total elevation height of the drainage pipe (A) depends on
the pump of the indoor unit. Do not place the ventilation pipe in the pipe section of
elevation. After raising vertically, immediately place a pipe inclined downwards. In
otherwise, this will cause incorrect operation of the switch in
the water pump. The connection method is as follows:

≤ 150 mm
Fixation code
Set the height A, consult
the data of the unit

PVC32

Flexible pipe ≤ 300 mm

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Jose Luis Chinchay B.
 Note: The air outlet cannot be installed in the lifting part; otherwise, water will drain out.
on the roof or it will not be discharged.
4.5 Overflow and water passage test
4.5.1. Water overflow test
After completing the construction of the drainage pipe system, fill the pipe with water and keep it for
24 hours to check for leaks in the joints.
4.5.2. Water passage test
Natural drainage mode
Fill the water container tray with more than 600 ml of water through the inspection opening, and
Observe the clear hard pipe at the drain outlet to confirm if it can discharge water.
2. Drainage method with pump
1) Remove the plug from the water level switch, take off the water cover, and slowly fill the tray.
water container with around 2000 ml of water through the opening. Avoid touching the motor of the
drainage pump.

2) Turn on the air conditioner and let it run in cooling mode. Check the status of
operation of the pump, and then turn on the water level switch. Check the
safe operation of the pump and observe the transparent hard pipe to confirm if it discharges
water. (Taking into account the length of the drainage pipe, the water must be discharged after a
delay of about 1 minute
3) Stop the operation of the air conditioner, turn off the power supply and put on the cover.
of water in its place.
a. After turning off the air conditioning, check if there is anything unusual after 3 minutes.
after. If the drainage pipes have not been distributed correctly, backflow water can cause
The alarm indicator on the remote receiver panel may flash and even overflow from the tray.
container.
b. Continuously add water until reaching the alarm water level; check if the drainage pump.
can quickly drain the water. If the water level does not decrease in response to a warning of level of
Water 3 minutes later will cause the unit to shut down. When this situation occurs, it must be handled
a normal startup by turning off the power supply and removing the accumulated water.
Note: The drainage plug of the main water collecting tray is used to remove accumulated water.
when performing maintenance on the air conditioner. During normal operation, the plug must be
fill to prevent leaks.

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Jose Luis Chinchay B.
 6. Thermal insulation engineering.
The insulation of the refrigerating equipment and its pipes is carried out using general methods of
insulation, in which insulating material with multiple holes is added to the equipment and its pipes that have in
it accounts for waterproofing and protection measures. It is referred to as insulating structure. The shape of the
The insulating structure will be different depending on the various insulating materials.

6.1 Insulation of the refrigerant pipe

6.1.1. Operational procedure for refrigerant pipe isolation
Construction of the cooling pipe → insulation (without the connection section) → testing of
hermeticity → isolation of the connection section
Connection section: in this case, the construction of the insulation can only be carried out after
the leak test is passed in the welding area, in expansions and in flange joints.
6.1.4. Thickness of the insulating layer
1. When the outer diameter of the copper pipe (d) is less than or equal to 1/2 (Φ 12.7 mm), the thickness of the
The insulating cover (ä) must be greater than 15 mm.
When the outer diameter of the copper pipe (d) is greater than or equal to 5/8 (Φ 15.9 mm), the thickness of
the insulating layer (ä) must be greater than 25/32 in (20 mm).
2. In a hot and humid environment, the recommended value above should be increased once. Note: The
outdoor piping must be protected by a metal cover to reflect sunlight, protect from
rain and air erosion, and prevent damage from external forces or human-caused damage.
6.1.5. Installation and important aspects of insulation construction
1. Example of incorrect operation: The gas pipe and the liquid pipe are insulated together; this causes
that the air conditioning operation is deficient.
2. Example of correct operation:
a. The gas pipe and the liquid pipe are separately insulated for heat.

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Jose Luis Chinchay B.
 Liquid pipe Isolated material Pipe
Degas
Ligature Tubera Material
exterior liquid isolated Pipe
degas

OK Incorrect, it cannot be linked here.

Note: After the gas pipe and the liquid pipe are insulated separately for heat, tie them together.
with tape. If they are over-tightened, the insulation splice joint will be damaged.
b. The surroundings of the pipe connection section must be completely insulated.

make sure there is no space here

machine

Important considerations:
There should be no gap in the joint of the insulating materials.
If the joint of the insulating materials is joined late and the tape is very tight, it can produce
easily contraction and leakage which will create dew drops. A tape that is too tight can enter
air to the material, producing a decrease in the insulating effect in this part; at the same time the tape can
to degrade quickly and fall.
3. In protected indoor areas, it is not necessary to tie the insulation to avoid affecting its effect.
of isolation.
Correct method for repairing insulating cotton: (see the figure below)

direct copper pipe connection

pipe
of copper
cotton

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Jose Luis Chinchay B.
 repair the insulating cotton repair the insulating cotton

6.2. Insulation of the condensate water pipe

6.2.1. Insulation of the condensate water pipe
1. Select a rubber/plastic tube with a fire retardant rating of B1.
The thickness of the insulating layer is usually greater than 10 mm.
The insulating material at the water outlet of the unit's body must be glued with adhesive to the
body of the unit, to prevent dew and dripping.
4. The pipes installed in a wall do not need insulation.
5. Use specific glue to stick the seam of the insulating material and then one with fabric tape.
The width of the tape should not be less than 5 cm. Ensure that it is secure and avoid the formation of dew.

7. Electrical Engineering
Important aspects of the electrical installation
The wiring, the parts, and the purchased materials must comply with local regulations and
nationals.
All field wiring construction must be carried out by a qualified electrician.
3. The air conditioning unit must be grounded in accordance with regulations.
local and national electrical.
4. A differential circuit breaker must be installed (select a differential circuit breaker taking into account
1.5-2 times the total nominal load current.
5. When connecting the wiring and the cable tube, use cable clamps to secure and make sure that it does not
the cables are left exposed.
6. The refrigerant piping system and the wiring system of the indoor units and
exteriors belong to different systems.
7. Do not connect the power cable to the signal cable terminal.
8. When the power cable runs parallel to the signal cable, put each cable in its own conduit.
and maintain the appropriate distance (the current capacity of the power cable is:
10 A below 0.98 ft (300 mm), 50 A below 1.64 ft (500 mm).
9. The voltage difference between the power cable terminal (transformer side) and the voltage at the
The extreme (side of the unit) must be less than 2%. If the length cannot be shortened, widen it.
power cable. The voltage difference between phases must not exceed 2% of the nominal value and the
The difference in current between the higher and lower phase must be less than 3% of the nominal value.
Wiring selection
1. The selection of the wiring section must be in accordance with the requirements below:
1) The voltage drop of the cable must meet the voltage requirements at the terminal for operation and
normal starts.
2) The current carrying capacity of the wiring determined by the installation method and the environment must not
be less than the maximum current of the unit.
The wiring must be protected against movement and heating.
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Jose Luis Chinchay B.
 4) The smallest section should meet the requirements of mechanical resistance.
The area of the core line section to phase S The smallest area of the PE line section
(mm) S ≤ 16 (m 2 S
16 < S ≤ 35 16
S > 35 S/2
When the ground protection line (called the PE line) is made of the same material as the phase line,
the smallest cross-sectional area of the PE line must comply with the following regulation: The area of the
core line section to S phase (mm) The smallest 2cross-sectional area of the
PE line (mm) 2
Important aspects of distribution wiring
1. When distributing the wiring, select wires with different colors for the phase line, neutral line and
land in accordance with the relevant regulations.
The power cable and the control cable should not be connected to the refrigerant pipe. It is necessary
pass them through a conduit for cables and distribute them separately. The distance between the control line and the
The power cable must be at least 500 mm.
3. When distributing wiring through a conduit, the following should be noted:

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Jose Luis Chinchay B.
 Metal conduit can be used for cables indoors and outdoors but not in corrosive environments.
acid-base.
Generally, plastic tubing for cables is used indoors and in corrosive places, but it is not
suitable for resisting mechanical damage.
3) The conduit for cables must not have ends with joints. If joints must be used, a junction box must be installed.
of connections in the corresponding place.
4) Wiring with different voltages should not run through the same cable conduit.
The total cross-sectional area of the wiring that passes through the cable conduit must not exceed 40% of the area.
of the canal fill.
6) The fixation point of the support for the cable tube must follow the standards below:
Nominal diameter of the tube for Greater distance between fixed points of the cable tube
(mm) Metal channel Plastic canal
15-20 1.5 1
25-32 2 1.5
40-50 2.5 2
Nominal diameter of the tube for cables Greater distance between fixed points of the tube for cables
Control system and installation
Important aspects of the control line connection (RS-485 communication)
1. The control line must be shielded cable. Using another type of wiring will create interference and lead to
to errors in the operation.
The end connected to the shielding network of the shielded cable must be grounded.
Note: The shielding must be grounded at the wiring terminal of the outdoor unit.
the entry and exit of the indoor communication cable network must be connected directly and
not grounded, and create an open circuit in the shielding network of the final indoor unit.
3. The control cable should not be tied to the refrigerant pipe or the power cable. When the
power cable and control cable run in parallel, keep a distance between them
greater than 0.98 ft (300 mm) to avoid signal interference.
4. The control cable should not form a closed circuit.
5. The control cable has polarity, be careful when connecting it.

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Jose Luis Chinchay B.