Asphalt Primer
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ScribdTranslationsAsphalt Primer
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ScribdTranslationsRoad Engineering
ASPHALT PRIMER
1. DESCRIPTION
It consists of the application of an asphalt spray on the surface of a properly prepared base.
prepared, with the purpose of receiving an asphalt pavement layer or for waterproofing
and to prevent the disaggregation of the constructed base, in accordance with these specifications and from
compliance with the Project.
Include sand application when required.
2. FUNCTIONS:
Waterproof the surface
Close the capillary spaces
Revert and paste the loose particles onto the surface
Harden the surface
Facilitate maintenance
Promote adhesion between the surface on which it is placed and the first layer of
asphalt mixture placed on it
PROFESSIONAL SCHOOL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
Highway Engineering
3. MATERIALS
The bituminous material to be applied in this work will be as follows:
Slow-curing Asphalt Emulsions (CSS-1, CSS-1h), mixed for the
priming, according to the texture of the Base and that meets the requirements of the
Table 1
The use of liquid asphalt, grades MC-30, MC-70, or MC-250 could be accepted that
meet the requirements of Table 2.
CSS-1h Asphalt Emulsions
It is a slow-breaking asphalt emulsion, a mixture of asphalt cement and
water through the action of a cationic emulsifier, which is used in the industry of the
cold road paving.
Table 1: Specifications for cationic emulsions
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HIGHWAY ENGINEERING
The type of material to be used must be established in the Project. The material must be
applied just as it comes from the plant, without adding any solvent or material that alters its
characteristics.
The amount per m2 of bituminous material should be between 0.7-1.5 l/m2 for
a penetration within the support granular layer of 5mm to 7mm at least, for the
case of diluted asphalts, and from 5.0 to 7.5mm for the case of emulsions, being verified
this every 25 m.
Before the start of the work, the Supervisor will approve the quantity per meter of material.
bituminous
Table 2: Specifications for liquid asphalts
(*)
TYPE AND QUANTITY OF MATERIAL TO BE USED AS PRIMER RAINING
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HIGHWAY ENGINEERING
3. TEAM
Additionally, the following must be met:
For priming jobs, mechanical cleaning elements are required.
primer truck and water tanker.
The cleaning equipment will consist of a mechanical sweeper and/or a
mechanical blower. The first will be of the rotary type and both will be operated by
push or drag with a tractor. Additional equipment such as compressors can be used,
brooms and other implements with the approval of the Supervisor.
The tanker truck primer for bituminous materials must meet requirements.
minimums that guarantee the uniform and constant application of any material
bituminous, without being affected by the load, the slope of the track or the direction of the
vehicle. Its irrigation devices must provide a distribution
appropriate transverse of the binder. The vehicle must be equipped with a speedometer.
calibrated in meters per second (m/s), visible to the driver, to maintain speed
constant and necessary that allows the uniform application of asphalt in the direction
longitudinal.
The tanker truck must apply the asphalt product under pressure and evenly.
For this, you will need a pumping pump, powered by a motor and equipped
of a pressure gauge. It should also be equipped with a thermometer for the
binder, whose sensitive element cannot be found near a heating element.
For areas inaccessible to the irrigation equipment and for touch-ups and minimal applications, it
will use a portable watering boiler, with its pressure irrigation elements, or a
extension of the tanker truck with an expansion nozzle that allows for irrigation
uniform. The use of showers or other application devices will not be allowed.
gravity manual.
4. CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
4.1 Climate
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The primer coat should be applied when the surface is dry, which
the ambient temperature is greater than 6°C, that the weather conditions are
appropriate and without the presence of rain, requiring the approval of the Supervisor.
4.2 Surface preparation
The surface of the base to be primed (waterproofed) must be in
compliance with the alignments, gradients, and typical sections shown in the
project plans and the requirements of the specifications regarding the Base
Granular.
Before applying the primer coat, all loose or foreign materials must be removed.
to be removed and eliminated by means of a mechanical sweeper and/or a blower
mechanic, as needed.
4.3 Application of the primer layer
During the execution of the work, the Contractor must take the necessary precautions.
to avoid accidents with the use of materials, equipment, and personnel.
The bituminous primer material must be applied over the base completely.
clean, with a pressure distributor that meets the indicated requirements
previously. The Contractor will have approved insulating material.
Supervisor, to avoid overlapping of risks, on an already primed area. The
material must be applied uniformly at the temperature and at the speed of
specified and approved regime by the
Supervisor. In general, the regime should be between 0.7 to 1.5 l/m, depending on
how to find the surface texture of the base.
The temperature of the bituminous material at the time of application must be
understood by the viscosity-temperature, which must be approved by the
Supervisor.
When applying the primer layer, the distributor must be driven along a
staked wire to maintain a straight line of application. The Contractor must
determine the application rate of the binder and make the necessary adjustments.
If traffic conditions allow, the application should only be made in the middle.
of the width of the surface to be printed. Care must be taken to place the amount
correct application of bituminous material along the resulting longitudinal joint.
Immediately after applying the primer layer, it must be
protected by signs and barricades that prevent transit during the curing period
that establishes the Project and is approved by the Supervisor.
4.3 Protection of adjacent structures
The surface of all structures and trees adjacent to the area being treated,
they must be protected in such a way as to prevent splashes or stains. In case of
that these occur, the Contractor; on their own account; will remove the material and repair it
all damage caused.
4.4 Opening to traffic and maintenance
The primed area must be aired out, without being sanded for a period of 24 hours, unless
that the Supervisor orders it in another way. If the weather is cold or if the material of
PROFESSIONAL SCHOOL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
HIGHWAY ENGINEERING
the primer has not fully penetrated the surface of the base, a period
longer time may be necessary. Any excess bituminous material that
It must be removed from the surface after such a period using sand or another method.
approved material that absorbs it and as instructed by the Supervisor, before it
resume traffic.
The application of primer irrigation must be coordinated with the construction work.
of the asphalt layer, so that the binder has not lost its effectiveness as
joining element.
The Contractor must satisfactorily maintain the primed surface until
the surface layer is to be placed. The conservation work must include extending
any additional amount of sand or other approved material needed to prevent the
adhesion of the primer layer to the vehicle tires and patching them
breaks in the printed surface with bituminous mix. In other words,
any primed surface area that has lost its adhesive effectiveness,
damaged by vehicle traffic or by another cause, it must be repaired beforehand
that the surface layer will be placed, at the Contractor's expense, cost, and risk and
approved by the Supervisor.
5. FACTORS AFFECTING UNIFORM APPLICATION
Asphalt Spraying Temperature:
Asphalt distributors have insulated tanks to maintain the temperature.
of the material and are equipped with heaters to achieve the temperature of
appropriate application
Pressure of the Liquid along the Spraying Bar
Spraying Angle of the Holes
Spray Height of the Holes on the Surface
Velocity of the Primer Truck
6. ACCEPTANCE OF THE WORKS
6.1 Criteria
a. Controls
During the execution of the work, the Supervisor will carry out the following
main controls:
Verify the implementation for each phase of the work
Check the status and operation of all the equipment used by the
Contractor.
Verify that the asphalt and crushing plants are equipped with filters.
dust catchers, sludge sedimenters and other attachments that the
Supervisor considers adequate and necessary to prevent emissions of
particulate elements and gases that may affect the environmental context.
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Check that the materials to be used meet all the requirements of
required quality
Supervise the correct application of the accepted method as a result of
test section, regarding the preparation and handling of the aggregates, thus
such as manufacturing, transportation, placement, and compaction of the
asphalt treatments and mixtures.
Carry out mixing control tests, density tests of the samples
reference, of the density of the compacted asphalt mixture in situ, of
asphalt extraction and granulometry; as well as temperature control of
mixed, downloading, extending, and compaction of the mixtures (the requirements
temperature are only applicable to mixtures made hot.
Perform mixing control tests, asphalt extraction, and granulometry.
in asphalt mortars.
Conduct tests to verify the design in surface treatments, thus
like the granulometry of those.
Conduct tests to verify the binder dosages in league irrigation.
primers, if the Project does not establish the measurement method, it will be
proposed by the Contractor and approved by the Supervisor.
Monitor the consistency in the production of aggregates and mixes or mortars
asphalt, during the execution period of the works.
Conduct tests to verify the efficiency of the enhancement products.
adherence, as long as they join in.
Take the necessary measurements to determine thicknesses, raise profiles,
measure the surface texture and check the uniformity of the surface,
whenever appropriate.
The Contractor will immediately fill in with asphalt mix, at their own expense and cost
risk, all the holes made for the purpose of measuring densities in the ground and
it will compact the material in such a way that its density meets the requirements
indicated in the respective specification. It will also cover, at no cost to the
contracting entity, the areas in which the Supervisor carries out verifications of the
dosage of priming and bonding water, surface treatments and mortars
asphaltic.
b. Quality of the asphalt material
Upon the arrival of each truck transporting the asphalt material to be used in the
Before priming, the Contractor must provide the Supervisor with a quality certificate.
of the product. Such certificate does not exempt the execution of tests of
verification by the Supervisor, nor does it imply acceptance of the delivery. The
The supervisor will not accept the use of asphalt material that does not have the
product quality certification.
In the case of using liquid asphalt, the Supervisor will verify by
representative samples (at least one sample for every 40 m or earlier if the volume
the delivery is lower), the kinematic viscosity of the product; for the case
asphalt emulsion, its type, water content, and penetration will be checked
residue.
c. Rate of application
The application rate of the primed areas should not vary by more than 10%.
regarding the approved design.
PROFESSIONAL SCHOOL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
HIGHWAY ENGINEERING
7. MEASUREMENT
Execution of priming and bonding sprays, sand-asphalt seals, treatments
superficial and asphalt mortars. The unit of measurement will be the square meter (m2),
rounded to the whole number, of all work performed with the Supervisor's approval, of
according to the requirements set out in the respective specification.
The area will be determined by multiplying the actual length, measured along the axis of
work, for the width specified in the approved plans. No area will be measured
beyond such limits.
Execution of dense and open mixtures in cold and hot.
The unit of measurement will be the cubic meter (m3), rounded to the tenths of a cubic meter.
of mix provided and compacted on site with the approval of the Supervisor, of
agreement with what is required by the respective specification.
The volumetric will be determined by multiplying the actual length measured along the axis of the
work, for the width and thickness specified in the approved plans.
No volume will be measured outside of such limits.
Execution of pothole repairs or patching with asphalt mix.
The unit of measurement will be the square meter (m2), rounded to the tenth of a meter.
square, of patching or patched with asphalt mixture executed, according to the
required by the respective specification.
The indicated area will be determined by multiplying the two dimensions of each patching or
patch.
The price includes the application of sand when necessary.
8. PAYMENT
Irrigation, surface treatments, emulsions, mortars and sealants, asphalt and patching
the patched with asphalt mixture
Payment will be made at the respective unit price of the contract, per square meter (m2), for
all the work executed in accordance with the project, the present specifications and approved by
the Supervisor.
The unit price must cover all acquisition costs, obtaining permits and
exploitation rights or rental of material sources and quarries; obtaining of
environmental permits for soil and aggregate exploitation; the facilities
provisional; the costs of repair or construction of access roads to the sources and
quarries; the preparation of the areas to be exploited, as well as all the exploitation costs,
selection, crushing, washing, loading, unloading, and transportation within the areas of
production, storage, classification, waste, mixing, placement, leveling and
compaction of the materials used; and those for extraction, pumping, transportation of water
required and its distribution.
The unit price must also include the execution costs of the test sections.
and, in general, all costs related to the proper execution of the respective layer
PROFESSIONAL SCHOOL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
HIGHWAY ENGINEERING
It should also include the costs of defining the Work Formula.
In all cases, the price must include on-site supply, storage,
waste and application of water and adhesion enhancing additives and control
breakage that is required; the protection of all elements adjacent to the area of the
jobs that may be affected by asphalt risks.
Asphalt mixtures
The payment will be made at the respective unit price of the contract, per cubic meter (m3), for all
work carried out in accordance with the project, these specifications and approved by the
Supervisor.
The unit price must cover all acquisition costs, obtaining permits and
exploitation or rental rights of material sources and quarries; obtaining of
environmental permits for the exploitation of soils and aggregates; the facilities
provisional; the costs of repair or construction of access roads to the sources and
quarries; the preparation of the areas to be exploited, as well as all the exploitation costs,
selection, crushing, washing, loading, unloading, and transportation within the areas of
production, storage, classification, waste, mixing, placement, leveling and
compaction of the materials used; and those for extraction, pumping, transportation of water
required and its distribution.
The unit price must also include the costs of executing the test sections.
and, in general, any cost related to the correct execution of the respective layer.
It should also include the costs of defining the Work Formula.
In all cases, the price must include delivery on-site, storage,
waste and application of bituminous material, water and enhancing additives
adhesion and break control that are required; the protection of all elements
surrounding the area of the works and that may be susceptible to being affected by the risks of
asphalt.
Include the price of the sand that would be necessary.
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HIGHWAY ENGINEERING
ANNEXES
PROFESSIONAL SCHOOL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
ROAD ENGINEERING
TYPICAL ASPHALT DISTRIBUTOR
STEPS TO PERFORM ASPHALT PRIMING
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ROAD ENGINEERING
Surface preparation for priming Sweeping of the surface to be primed
Mechanical sweeper cleaning the surface Trace the width of the surface to
from the base layer print
The width of the area where asphalt primer will be applied is marked.
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League irrigation in areas where the primer tank cannot enter, and it is done with a hose.
of application
The primer truck is guided by the marks left on the surface to be primed.
The height of the bar is very important. Sanding of the primed surface
of spraying
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