Monographic Work The Harp
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ScribdTranslations"Year of Good Service to the Citizen"
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION
REGIONAL EDUCATION DIRECTORATE AYACUCHO
PUBLIC HIGHER SCHOOL OF ARTISTIC TRAINING
CONDORCUNCA OF AYACUCHO
MONOGRAPHIC WORK
THE MUSICAL INSTRUMENT 'HARP'
PROFESSOR
OTTO CAMPOS
AUTHOR
Meyer Aparicio Flores
AYACUCHO - PERU
2017
THE HARP
The harp is astringed instrument composed of a frame
resonant and a variable series of strings tensioned between the lower section and the
superior. The strings can be plucked with the fingers or with a pick.
oplectrumIn addition to the classical harp, currently used in theorchestras,
There are other types, such as the Celtic harp and the Paraguayan harp.
The harp is the national musical instrument ofIreland, Paraguay, Perubetween
others.
HISTORY
Although there are very ancient instruments similar to the harp, it must be taken into account
tells that the Hornbostel classification andSachsdistinguish between the
stringed instruments such as harp (with a neck that closes the arch) and arc instruments (which do not)
they have that mast). Thus, several of the primitive harps that are
They are literally described in the history of the instrument as musical bows. They have
there have existed different forms, in different parts of the world, just like in
different eras. It belongs to the group of chordophones. It was already known in the
ancientAssyriaIsraelyEgypt, from where he went to Greece. They used the term
griegoki thárarapara
PARTS OF THE HARP
2.
1. Harp medieval (of origin Irish) also known
like a harpbardic.
Celtic harp (of Welsh origin), can be up to 105 cm tall,
34 strings and with the possibility of incorporating semitone systems.
APPEARANCE DEL ARPA ORCHESTRA
The medieval harp wasdiatonic, and the modern harp, on the contrary, was born with
the first attempts ofchromatismthat the evolution of Western music
demanded. The first attempts came from the workshops of Irish luthiers in
the16th century, which provided the harp with a double row of strings. In thecentury
Seventeena third row is added, the 1st and the 3rd row were diatonic (29 strings)
each row) while the 2nd row, with 20 strings, was reserved for the
semitones.
At the end of the 17th century,luthierBávaro built the first pedal harp that
located on both sides of the instrument support, they were connected to the
fixed hooks of the console through a transmission system. There were seven of them.
pedals, corresponding to the seven degrees of the musical scale and for which
instrumentMozarthe wrote his Concerto for flute and harp1778As a result of
numerous outlandish ideas were inspired by the discovery for
broaden the possibilities of the harp (as was the placement of double number of
pedals andmute), but the greatest success was achieved by S. Erard in1811. Erard
he presented the model called 'double action' which, with slight modifications
later, is the one that is normally used today.
The pedals are connected to some strips ofsteelthat are introduced into the
column, these end in a mechanism located in the console that, in turn,
is made up of several layers of sycamore and rowan. This mechanism, very
elaborate, it has two fork systems, discs with screws
adjustable through which the rope passes. When a pedal - called double
action - it is released (resting position in the upper notch), the string passes
free between the screws (flat); hooked in the intermediate notch, the pedal
it applies a partial revolution to the discs that produces the 1st semitone
(beveled); hooked in the lower notch, the pedal causes the continuation
of the movement, which gives rise to the 2nd semitone (sharp). Each of the
seven pedals act on all octaves of the same scale, being able to
to be triggered twice, successively raising a semitone in all the
notes of the same tonality.
Now the number of strings rises to 47 and they are of different classes. There are 26
in the average recording that are of tripe ofram10 and 11 in the sharp register
what son ofnylon, in so much what the 12 remaining son
ofalpacaocopper(steel hooped) for the low register. The extension
It is 6 and a half octaves (from do1 (modifiable by manual tuning)
asol#6): after theorganand thepianothe harp is the instrument with
theextensionmore broadens.
