Programming and Software Notes
4. Programming and Software
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1. Basics of C, C++, Java, and Python:
- C: Procedural language, fast execution, used in system programming.
- C++: Object-oriented programming (OOP), used in gaming and applications.
- Java: Platform-independent, used in web applications and Android development.
- Python: Easy syntax, widely used in AI, machine learning, and data science.
2. Flowcharts and Algorithms:
- Flowcharts: Diagrammatic representation of logic using symbols.
- Algorithms: Step-by-step instructions to solve a problem efficiently.
3. Data Structures:
- Array: Collection of elements stored in contiguous memory locations.
- Stack: LIFO (Last In, First Out) structure used for backtracking.
- Queue: FIFO (First In, First Out) structure used in scheduling tasks.
- Linked List: Collection of nodes where each node points to the next.
4. Database Management System (DBMS):
- SQL: Structured Query Language for managing databases.
- Types of Databases:
- Relational Databases (MySQL, PostgreSQL) use tables with relationships.
- NoSQL Databases (MongoDB) store data in JSON-like format.
- Normalization: Organizing data efficiently to reduce redundancy.
These topics are essential for BPSC Computer Science preparation.
