📘 Conjunction – Detailed Notes
🔹 What is a Conjunction?
A conjunction is a joining word that connects:
Words (Ali and Ahmed)
Phrases (in the room or on the roof)
Clauses (I was tired, but I finished my work.)
🔹 Types of Conjunctions
1. Coordinating Conjunctions
They connect words, phrases, or independent clauses (complete sentences) of equal importance.
Common Coordinating Conjunctions (FANBOYS):
Conjunction Use Example
For reason I stayed home, for it was raining.
And addition I like tea and biscuits.
Nor negative addition He doesn’t smoke, nor does he drink.
But contrast She is rich but humble.
Or choice Do you want tea or coffee?
Yet contrast He is young, yet wise.
So result It was hot, so we turned on the fan.
2. Subordinating Conjunctions
They join an independent clause and a dependent (subordinate) clause.
Conjunction Use Example
because reason I left early because I was tired.
although contrast Although it was raining, we played.
if condition We’ll go if it doesn’t rain.
when time Call me when you arrive.
since time/reason I haven’t seen her since Monday.
while time/contrast While I was eating, he called.
after time We went home after the movie ended.
3. Correlative Conjunctions
These are paired conjunctions used together.
Correlative Conjunctions Example
either...or You can either stay or leave.
neither...nor Neither the boy nor the girl was present.
both...and She is both smart and hardworking.
not only...but also He is not only a teacher but also a writer.
whether...or I don't know whether he will come or not.
Common Subordinating Conjunctions:
Type Examples
Time when, while, before, after, until, since
Cause because, as, since
Condition if, unless, in case
Contrast although, though, even though, whereas
Purpose so that, in order that
🔍 Conjunctions in Urdu ()اردو میں وضاحت
Conjunction جملوں یا خیالات کو آپس میں جوڑتا ہے۔،وہ لفظ ہوتا ہے جو دو یا زیادہ الفاظ
📌 مثالیں:
( ع ل یاور احمد کھیل رہے ہیں۔and)
( وہ آیا لیکن کچھ نہیں بولا۔but)
( کیا تم چائے یا کافی لوگے؟or)
( میں نہیں آیا کیونکہ میں بیمار تھا۔because)
✏️Practice Sentences
Fill in the blanks with the correct conjunction:
1. I wanted to go, ___ I was busy. (but/so)
2. She is not only beautiful ___ also intelligent. (and/but)
3. He didn’t eat anything ___ he was full. (because/or)
4. We can go out ___ it stops raining. (if/but)
5. ___ Ali ___ Ahmed will join us. (Either...or / But...yet)
