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ICS 29.060.20
PIESA 1012:2004
ISBN 0-626-16025-1
Edition 1

SPECIFICATION

CABLE TERMINATIONS AND LIVE

CONDUCTORS WITHIN AIR-INSULATED
ENCLOSURES (INSULATION
CO-ORDINATION) FOR RATED A.C.
VOLTAGES OF 7,2 kV AND UP TO AND
INCLUDING 36 kV
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This specification is issued by

the Technology Standardization Department (TSD), Eskom
on behalf of the
PIESA Board
and is not a standard as contemplated in the Standards Act, 1993 (Act No. 29 of 1993)

Table of changes
Change No. Date Text affected

Correspondence to be directed to Printed copies obtainable from

PIESA Standards South Africa

PO Box 1049 Private Bag X191
Rivonia 2128 Pretoria 0001
South Africa South Africa

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by Standards South Africa
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PIESA 1012:2004

Foreword
The Power Institute for East and Southern Africa (PIESA) is a regional power utility association that
was established in 1998 to co-ordinate information and technology sharing in the specialized areas
of

a) technology and engineering support,

b) applied research,

c) standardization,

d) technical development and training, and

e) environmental management.

PIESA primarily aims to develop technological capacity in the region’s distribution networks by
promoting a spirit of experience sharing. Membership of PIESA comprises electric power utilities in
East and Southern Africa that wish to participate in the sustainable development of power systems
in these areas.

PIESA 1012 was prepared by the Standardization Working Group of PIESA and was approved by
the PIESA Board for use by supply authorities in the East and Southern African region.

The working group comprised the following members:

PA Johnson (WG Convenor) Eskom, South Africa

A Bekker Eskom, South Africa
LDM de Wet (Observer) AMEU
N Kalundi SNEL, Democratic Republic of Congo
A Kaponda ESCOM, Malawi
CGK Kasonkomona ZESCO, Zambia
PK Luutu UEB, Uganda
M Mabika SNEL, Democratic Republic of Congo
C Muzamwese ZESA, Zimbabwe
H Ndzimande SEB, Swaziland
T Phate Lesotho Electricity Corporation
JL Sempemba UEDC
D Sichela ZESCO, Zambia
S Tikoe Lesotho Electricity Corporation

Except as noted below, this specification is an adoption of the technical requirements of the first
edition of NRS 012, as approved by the ESLC for application in the ESI in South Africa.

The following differences are noted between NRS 012 and this specification:

Subclause 4.3.1.4: Pollution levels specified as medium for indoor enclosures and heavy for
outdoor enclosures (to be consistent with creepage distances specified in table 2 in 4.2.2).
NRS 012 indicates light pollution level for indoor enclosures and medium pollution level for outdoor
enclosures.

Subclause 4.3.1.13: Provision for warning signs according to the requirements of specific
purchasers.

Subclause 4.3.6: Provision for the stick-on label required in the case of enclosures with reduced
height to be in a national language other than English if so required.
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PIESA 1012:2004

Subclause 5.2: Provision for the purchaser to specify the type test specification for cable
terminations (with a note that NRS 053 might be used).

Subclause 5.5: Tests for assessment of painted surfaces by reference to PIESA 1102.

Annex A forms an integral part of this specification. Annexes B and C are for information only.

Introduction
The requirements for termination of cables in compound or resin-filled boxes are well established in
other specifications, one important example being BS 2562, which, in addition, attempts to deal with
cables terminated in air but only at rated voltages of up to 3,6 kV.

This specification has been prepared to establish design guidelines and uniform requirements for
insulation co-ordination within air-insulated enclosures. Although the focus of this specification is
cable terminations within air-insulated enclosures, it is applicable to any live conductors within air-
insulated enclosures, for example metal-clad and metal-enclosed switchgear.

This specification for air-insulated enclosures, for rated a.c. voltages of 7,2 kV and up to and
including 36 kV, enables the purchasers to acquire the specified equipment, without the need for
detailed and extensive contract documents, most often as a part or feature of some other
equipment, for example switchgear or transformers.

The PIESA Board expresses the wish that, in the common interest of electricity utilities in the East
and Southern African region, all supply authorities adopt the requirements of PIESA 1012 insofar as
their particular conditions will permit and that the use of any conflicting specifications be
discontinued. Any differences between the requirements of this specification and the corresponding
purchaser's requirements should, as far as possible, be clearly indicated in schedules A and B,
which may be compiled using the draft schedules set out in annex C and should, where
appropriate, be submitted for consideration in future revisions of this specification.

Keywords
cables, cable terminations, conductors, electric cables, enclosures, insulation coordination, live
working, specification.
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1 PIESA 1012:2004

Contents
Page

1 Scope ..................................................................................................................................... 3

2 Normative references ............................................................................................................. 4

3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations ..................................................................................... 5

4 Requirements ......................................................................................................................... 7

4.1 Rated insulation levels .................................................................................................. 7

4.2 Insulation co-ordination within air-filled enclosures ...................................................... 7
4.3 Enclosures for cable terminations in air ........................................................................ 9
4.4 Rating plate ................................................................................................................... 14

5 Tests ...................................................................................................................................... 15

5.1 Type test requirements for enclosures ......................................................................... 15

5.2 Type test requirements for cable terminations .............................................................. 15
5.3 Routine performance tests ............................................................................................ 15
5.4 Post-installation tests .................................................................................................... 15
5.5 Tests on painted surfaces ............................................................................................. 15

Annex A (normative) Illustrations of enclosures and live conductors .................................... 16

Annex B (informative) Guide to purchasers on preparing an enquiry ...................................... 24

Annex C (informative) Model form for schedules A and B ....................................................... 26

Bibliography .................................................................................................................................... 28
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PIESA 1012:2004 2

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3 PIESA 1012:2004

CABLE TERMINATIONS AND LIVE CONDUCTORS WITHIN AIR-

INSULATED ENCLOSURES (INSULATION CO-ORDINATION) FOR
RATED A.C. VOLTAGES OF 7,2 kV AND UP TO AND INCLUDING 36 kV

1 Scope
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for enclosures for the termination of cables and
housing of live conductors in air, for use indoors or outdoors, at rated a.c. voltages of 7,2 kV and up
to and including 36 kV.

1.2 Detailed requirements for the design and construction of the enclosures are in general not
specified. It is expected that these will be covered by the requirements specified for the equipment
(e.g. the switchgear or transformer to which the enclosure is connected or of which the enclosure
will form part, where appropriate), or, alternatively, they will be left to the manufacturer. The
parameters and leading dimensions to be considered are, however, specified and may be applied
to enclosures which either form an integral part of major equipment or are similar to cable boxes as
specified in BS 2562.

1.3 In the case of cable termination enclosures associated with transformers, bushings constitute
the terminal fixing point for the cable. Where cables are terminated within switchgear enclosures,
the fixing point can be bushings, post insulators or connections to current transformers. In the case
of cable junction boxes, post insulators constitute the terminal fixing point for the cable.

1.4 The method of cable termination and terminal fixing cannot be ignored when the requirements
for cable termination enclosures are being determined. This specification deals with the
requirements for the following types of termination within enclosures:

a) type 1 termination: air insulated (see air-insulated termination in 3.1);

b) type 2 termination: shrouded (see shrouded insulation termination in 3.1);

c) type 3 termination: unscreened separable connectors (see unscreened separable connector

termination in 3.1); and

d) type 4 termination: dead break screened separable connectors (see screened separable
connector termination in 3.1).

1.5 Since the insulation co-ordination requirements for bare or insulated live conductors supported
by post insulators or other insulating materials within an enclosure are considered to be the same
as those for type 1 and type 2 terminations, this specification serves as a general design guide for
air-insulated enclosures.
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PIESA 1012:2004 4

1.6 The enclosures covered in this specification are not intended for use in hazardous
atmospheres.

NOTE 1 Protection against exposure to dust and moisture is specified in this standard, but requirements for
usage in extreme environments and atmospheres are not specified.

NOTE 2 A guide to purchasers on preparing an enquiry is given in annex B.

NOTE 3 A model form for schedules A and B is given in annex C.

2 Normative references
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute
provisions of this specification. All documents are subject to revision and, since any reference to a
document is deemed to be a reference to the latest edition of that document, parties to agreements
based on this specification are encouraged to take steps to ensure the use of the most recent
editions of the documents listed below. Information on currently valid national and international
standards can be obtained from the appropriate national standards organization.

NOTE Some of the international/regional standards that have been referenced might have been adopted as
national standards by one or more national standards organizations. When users of this specification need to
access copies of any of the referenced international/regional standards, they are encouraged to check for the
availability of equivalent national standards, in particular, where applicable, those available at the time of
preparation of this specification. South African national standards are indicated as such in brackets after each
entry.

BS 2562, Specification for cable boxes for transformers and reactors.

EN 50180, Bushings above 1 kV up to 36 kV and from 250 A to 3,15 kA for liquid filled
transformers.

EN 50181, Plug-in type bushings above 1 kV up to 36 kV and from 250 A to 1,25 kA for equipment
other than liquid filled transformers.

IEC 60055-2, Paper-insulated metal-sheathed cables for rated voltages up to 18/30 kV (with copper
or aluminium conductors and excluding gas-pressure and oil-filled cables) – Part 2: General and
construction requirements.

IEC 60060-1, High-voltage test techniques – Part 1: General definitions and test requirements.
[SANS 60060-1 (SABS IEC 60060-1)]

IEC 60137, Insulated bushings for alternating voltages above 1 000 V. [SANS 60137]

IEC 60273, Characteristics of indoor and outdoor post insulators for systems with nominal voltages
greater than 1 000 V. [SANS 60273 (SABS IEC 60273)]

IEC 60502-2, Power cables with extruded insulation and their accessories for rated voltages from
1 kV (Um = 1,2 kV) up to 30 kV (Um = 36 kV) – Part 2: Cables for rated voltages from
6 kV (Um = 7,2 kV) up to 30 kV (Um = 36 kV).

IEC 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code). [SANS 60529
(SABS IEC 60529)]

IEC/TR 60815, Guide for the selection of insulators in respect of polluted conditions. [SANS 60815
(SABS IEC 60815)]

IEC 62271-200, High-voltage switchgear and controlgear – Part 200: AC metal-enclosed

switchgear and controlgear for rated voltages above 1 kV and up to and including 52 kV.
[SANS 62271-200]

PIESA 1102, Corrosion protection of new mild steel fabricated equipment.

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5 PIESA 1012:2004

SANS 97 (SABS 97), Electric cables – Impregnated paper-insulated metal-sheathed cables for
rated voltages 3,3/3,3 kV to 19/33 kV (excluding pressure assisted cables).

SANS 1213 (SABS 1213), Mechanical cable glands.

SANS 1339, Electric cables – Cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) insulated cables for rated voltages
3,8/6,6 kV to 19/33 kV.

SANS 1700 (SABS 1700), Fasteners (all parts).

NOTE SANS 1700 is a compilation of ISO standards covering a large range of fasteners (e.g. nuts, bolts and
washers).

3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations

For the purposes of this specification, the following terms and definitions apply.

NOTE All terms used in this specification are generally consistent with the definitions given in IEC 60050-441
and IEC 60050-461.

3.1 Terms and definitions

air-filled enclosure
metallic enclosure designed to protect the ends of the cables, bushings, current transformers or live
conductors

air-insulated termination
air-filled enclosure within which the cable cores are electrically terminated by stress control
appropriate to the cable design and voltage with air being the sole insulation for the terminal
connections

armour clamp
fitting for gripping the armour of a cable at its termination to the gland body, and capable of
retaining the armour in position for fault currents within the design parameters

bushing
structure carrying one or more conductors through a partition (such as a wall or a tank) and
insulating it therefrom, including the means of attachment (flange or other fixing device) to the
partition

cable gland
device to seal and secure the sheath and to secure the armour of an electric cable, where provided,
to the terminal equipment, by means suitable for the type and description of cable for which it is
designed, including provision for making electrical connection to the sheath and to the armour

creepage distance
shortest distance along the surface of an insulator between two conductive parts

explosion vent
normally closed opening, which will rupture or open in the case of an internal arc fault to release
overpressure in a controlled manner to the atmosphere

flange
mounting plate connecting the enclosure to the equipment

impulse
intentionally applied aperiodic transient voltage or current, which usually rises rapidly to a peak and
then falls more slowly to zero

NOTE Such an impulse is in general well represented by the sum of two exponentials.
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PIESA 1012:2004 6

insulation level
combination of the following:

a) the rated short duration power-frequency withstand voltage; and

b) the rated lightning impulse withstand voltage

lightning impulse
impulse that has a front duration of less than a few tenths of a microsecond to less than one
microsecond

mechanical cable gland

metallic bush that seals and secures the cable to the enclosure by mechanical means

(number of) poles

(number of) conducting paths between the interior of the enclosure and the electrical equipment
(e.g. a transformer), which may be one, two, three or four, depending on the number of bushings

post insulator
<air-filled enclosures> structure supporting one or more conductors, and insulating it or them from
the point on the enclosure to which the structure is attached, including the means of attachment

NOTE It follows that such an enclosure might be self-contained and removable; it might also be a
compartment of the connected equipment and therefore an integral feature of that equipment; it might also be a
stand-alone item of equipment, for example a junction box.

rated voltage
highest r.m.s. phase-to-phase voltage of the supply for which the equipment is designed

screened separable connector

separable connector which has a fully screened external surface

screened separable connector termination

air-filled enclosure within which the cable cores are terminated with screened separable connectors

separable connector
fully insulated termination permitting the connection and disconnection of a cable to other
equipment

shrouded conductor
conductor in an air-filled enclosure that has additional, unscreened, local insulation enhancement

shrouded insulation termination

air-insulated termination that has additional, unscreened, local insulation enhancement typically
consisting of bushing protection or taping along with a suitable heat shrink, cold shrink or slip-on
cover at the terminal connections

unscreened separable connector

separable connector which does not have an external screen

unscreened separable connector termination

air-insulated termination that is fitted with unscreened separable connectors

wiping gland
non-ferrous metal bush fitted to an enclosure to which the metal sheath of the cable is plumbed, to
which the armour is clamped and which seals and secures the cable to the enclosure
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7 PIESA 1012:2004

3.2 Abbreviations
Not applicable

4 Requirements
4.1 Rated insulation levels
The rated insulation level of an enclosure on equipment shall be as specified in table 1. The
standard waveshape for the impulse test shall be 1,2/50 µs.

NOTE The front time is 1,2 µs and a time to half-value is 50 µs resulting in a 1,2/50 waveshape.

Table 1 — Rated insulation level of enclosures

1 2 3 4
Rated lightning impulse Rated short-duration power
Rated voltage Um
withstand voltage frequency withstand voltage
r.m.s. Peak r.m.s.
List 2 List 3
7,2 60 75 20
12 75 95 28
24 125 150 50
36 170 200 70
NOTE 1 List 2 insulation levels apply in general to equipment in non-exposed
installations (such as those connected to cable networks).
NOTE 2 List 3 insulation levels apply in general to equipment in exposed
installations.

4.2 Insulation co-ordination within air-filled enclosures

4.2.1 Types of cable termination and live conductor

4.2.1.1 Cable terminations shall be made onto the appropriate terminal fixing point for the cable
using one of the following arrangements:

a) type 1 termination: lugs connected onto bushings or post insulators, uninsulated at the fixing
point (see figure A.4 in annex A). A cable termination shall provide suitable stress control below
the terminal fixing point;

b) type 2 termination: lugs connected onto bushings or post insulators with a shrouded insulation
termination (see figure A.5 in annex A). A cable termination shall provide suitable stress control
below the terminal fixing point;

c) type 3 termination: unscreened separable connector terminations (see figure A.6 in annex A). A
cable termination shall provide suitable stress control below the separable connector; and

d) type 4 termination: dead break screened, separable connector terminations.

NOTE 1 A type 4 termination is suitable for connecting cable that has paper/extruded insulation that is
circular (e.g. certain cables in accordance with IEC 60055-2 or SANS 1339).

NOTE 2 Screened separable connectors cannot be used with impregnated-paper cables that have sector-
shaped cores (e.g. certain cables in accordance with SANS 97).

NOTE 3 Stress control is provided within the separable connector.

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PIESA 1012:2004 8

4.2.1.2 The arrangement of live conductors within an air-filled enclosure can be categorized in a
similar manner to that for cable terminations, that is:

a) type 1 arrangement: uninsulated conductors connected to bushings or supported by post

insulators (see figure A.7 in annex A);

b) type 2 arrangement: shrouded conductors connected to bushings or supported by post insulators

(see figure A.8 in Annex A).

4.2.2 Creepage distances

The minimum specific creepage distances for bushings, post insulators and other MV insulating
components in an air-filled enclosure, for cable terminations or for live conductor arrangements,
shall comply with table 2.

Table 2 — Minimum specific creepage distance

1 2 3

Minimum specific creepage

(from IEC/TR 60815:1986 table II)
Cable termination or live mm/kV
conductor arrangement Enclosure located Enclosure located
indoors outdoors
20 25

4.2.3 Clearances

4.2.3.1 The minimum clearances ‘a’ to ‘d’ indicated in figures A.4 to A.8 in annex A are as follows:

a) Clearance ‘a’ is the minimum distance from any live bare metal (e.g. bushing, post insulator live
conductor, lug, fitting) to any live bare metal of an adjacent phase.

b) Clearance ‘b’ is the minimum distance from any live bare metal (e.g. bushing, post insulator live
conductor, lug, fitting) to earth.

c) Clearance ‘c’ is the minimum distance from any unscreened, shrouded, live metal (e.g.
separable connector, cable cores) to any unscreened, shrouded, live metal of an adjacent
phase.

d) Clearance ‘d’ is the minimum distance from any unscreened, shrouded, live metal (e.g.
separable connector, cable cores) to earth.

4.2.3.2 Cable terminations or live conductor arrangements in air-filled enclosures shall comply with
the minimum clearances ‘a’ and ‘b’ given in table 3.

4.2.3.3 Cable terminations or live conductor arrangements in air-filled enclosures shall comply with
the minimum clearances ‘c’ and ‘d’ given in table 4.

4.2.3.4 Where screened separable connectors (type 4 termination) are used, the phase-to-phase
and phase-to-earth clearances are based purely upon the mechanical requirements of the
connectors. It is recommended that bushing centres of > 100 mm be used between phases and
> 50 mm between bushing centres and the enclosure sides.
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9 PIESA 1012:2004

Table 3 — Clearances for air-insulated cable terminations (type 1)

or live conductors within air-insulated enclosures

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Clearance
Symbols for mm
clearances Description of Voltage rating of enclosure
clearance kV
(see figures
A.4 and A.7 in 7,2 12 24 36
annex A)
List 2 List 3 List 2 List 3 List 2 List 3 List 2 List 3
a Distance between bare
metal phase-to-phase 90 120 120 160 220 280 320 380
b Distance between bare
metal and earthed metal 90 120 120 160 220 280 320 380
NOTE 1 Dimensions ‘a’ and ‘b’ are described in column 2 and can be identified in figures A.4, and A.7 in
annex A by the letter given in column 1. Columns 3 and 4 apply to an enclosure for a rated voltage of
7,2 kV. Columns 5 and 6 apply to a rated voltage of 12 kV, etc.
NOTE 2 Clearances between bare live metal, phase-to-phase and between bare live metal (i.e. a phase)
and earthed metal are in accordance with the recommendations of IEC 60071-1 and IEC 60071-2 for the
applicable lightning impulse withstand voltage, and are based on dielectric strength considerations.

Table 4 — Clearances for unscreened and shrouded cable termination

(types 2 and 3) and live conductors within air-insulated enclosures

1 2 3 4 5 6
Symbols for Clearance
clearances mm
(see figures A.4, Description of clearance Voltage rating of enclosure
A.5, A.6 and A.8 kV
in annex A)
7,2 12 24 36
c Distance between insulation covering live
metal phase-to-phase 40 55 110 165
d Distance between insulation covering live
metal and earth 35 50 100 150
NOTE 1 Dimensions ‘c’ and ‘d’ are described in column 2 and can be identified in figures A.4, A.5, A.6 and
A.8 by the letter given in column 1. Column 3 applies to an enclosure for a rated voltage of 7,2 kV, column 4
to a rated voltage of 12 kV, etc.
NOTE 2 Clearances between shrouded live metal, phase-to-phase and between shrouded live metal (i.e. a
phase) and earthed metal are in accordance with the recommendations of HD 428.2.2 S1 for the applicable
rated voltage. Clearances are based upon dielectric strength considerations for lightning impulse and a.c.
withstand voltage (i.e. corona and extinction).

4.3 Enclosures for cable terminations in air

4.3.1 Design considerations for cable termination enclosures

4.3.1.1 The enclosures shall be suitable for the termination in air of

a) impregnated-paper-insulated electric cables in accordance with SANS 97 and IEC 60055-2, and
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PIESA 1012:2004 10

b) cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) insulated electric cables in accordance with SANS 1339 and
IEC 60502-2,

and shall be suitable to form part of equipment such as switchgear or transformers, or to comprise
stand-alone equipment, for example, junction boxes, as specified in schedule A.

4.3.1.2 The purchasers will state the required type of cable termination (see 4.2.1.1) in schedule A.

4.3.1.3 The enclosure shall comply with the insulation co-ordination requirements in 4.2.

4.3.1.4 Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser in schedule A, the enclosures shall be suitable
for operating indoors or outdoors (or both) under the following environmental conditions:

a) altitude: not exceeding 1 800 m (see note);

b) ambient air temperature: −5 °C to 40 °C (see note);

c) relative humidity: 10 % to 95 %; and

d) pollution conditions within the enclosure: medium for indoor enclosures and heavy for outdoor
enclosures.

Alternatively, the environmental conditions shall be as specified for the equipment to which the
enclosure is to be connected.

NOTE Some areas of East and Southern Africa are at an altitude in excess of 1 800 m, up to 2 600 m.
Ambient temperature extremes could be from −10 °C to 50 °C.

4.3.1.5 The enclosures shall be based on the following parameters specified in schedule A:

a) the rated voltage;

b) the rated current;

c) the number of poles;

d) the number, type and size of cables and the number and size of glands;

e) the system fault level and the maximum protection operating time;

f) the types of bushings or post insulators required;

g) the earthing methods required; and

h) the list (see table 1) of the rated lightning impulse withstand voltage.

4.3.1.6 The enclosures shall be designed for cables entering from below. When specified in
schedule A, the design shall be modified to allow for cable entry from other directions.

4.3.1.7 Cable entry to the enclosures shall be through either cable wiping glands and armour
clamps that comply with the requirements of BS 2562 or mechanical cable glands that comply with
the requirements of SANS 1213. If other fixing arrangements are required, these shall be specified
in schedule A.

4.3.1.8 The enclosures, when ready for service on or in equipment, shall be capable of
withstanding the tests specified for the equipment to which they are attached.

4.3.1.9 Stand-alone equipment, for example junction boxes, shall be capable of withstanding the
insulation tests (see 5.1.2(a) and 5.1.2(b)) at the rated insulation level given in 4.1 and of
withstanding a short time current withstand test (see 5.1.2(d)) to the level specified in 4.3.1.5(e).
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11 PIESA 1012:2004

4.3.1.10 Steps shall be taken to minimize the effects of induced circulating currents or eddy
currents in enclosures for the termination of single-core cables.

4.3.1.11 Enclosures shall be so constructed as to minimize the danger of fragmentation in the

event of an internal arc fault. Explosion vents shall be fitted, if necessary, to ensure that the
enclosures comply with this requirement. Cast iron shall not be used. Enclosures shall be internally
arc fault tested (see 5.1.2(c)).

4.3.1.12 Enclosures shall be designed for ease of access to the cables for the purposes of
terminating and connecting. The particulars of the enclosure shall be stated in schedule B.

NOTE In the case of self-contained enclosures (i.e. enclosures with only bushings or post insulators), this can
best be achieved by making the gland plate removable, fitting the gland plate with a front flange, and providing
a separate front cover to the enclosure. The cover should be removable and bolted to the enclosure and the
gland plate. This arrangement is illustrated in figure A.1 of annex A. An alternative arrangement, illustrated in
figure A.2 in annex A, requires that the cable be threaded vertically through the gland plate opening.

4.3.1.13 When removable front covers are used, they shall only be removable using tools. In the
case of junction boxes, a warning notice that complies with the requirements of the purchaser as
specified in schedule A shall be fixed to the front cover.

NOTE For example, warning notices that comply with the requirements for type WW7 in SANS 1186-1 are
specified for South Africa.

4.3.1.14 When the purchaser, as specified in schedule A, supplies cable glands, the gland plate
shall be left undrilled, or shall be drilled as specified in schedule A.

4.3.1.15 Enclosures for outdoor applications shall provide a degree of protection of at least IP 54 in
accordance with IEC 60529. Suitable ventilation and drainage holes shall be provided to minimize
the possibility of condensation.

4.3.1.16 Enclosures for indoor applications shall provide a degree of protection of at least IP 3X in
accordance with IEC 60529.

4.3.1.17 When more than one cable is to be terminated, the depth of the enclosure shall allow for
tandem rather than parallel positioning of the cable glands, as shown in figure A.3 of annex A. This
is to avoid crossing of the cable cores of different phases.

4.3.1.18 Two-pole enclosures shall be the same design as the three-pole type, except that the
centre bushing or post insulator shall be omitted.

4.3.1.19 When four-pole enclosures are specified, the design shall be based on the three-pole
enclosure dimensions with regard to clearances etc.

4.3.1.20 If current transformers are mounted in the air-filled enclosure they shall

a) be rated for the appropriate highest system voltage, and comply with the minimum specific
creepage requirement in 4.2.2 and the enclosure dimensions shall be sufficient to maintain the
clearances required in table 3 and table 4 (as applicable), or

b) be rated for < 1 000 V and be positioned around a screened section of the cable or bushing. The
minimum distance from any point of the current transformer or secondary wiring to unscreened
cable insulation shall not be less than that required in table 4. In order to achieve correct
operation of the current transformers, care shall be taken to ensure that the earthing connection
does not result in the cancellation of go and return currents (see figures A.9 and A.10 of
annex A).
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PIESA 1012:2004 12

4.3.1.21 If voltage transformers are mounted in the air-filled enclosure they shall be rated for the
appropriate highest system voltage and shall comply with the minimum specific creepage
requirement in 4.2.2.

4.3.1.22 If a current transformer or voltage transformers are required in an enclosure, this shall be
stated in schedule A, together with the rated voltage of the transformers (see 4.3.1.20) and the
dimensions of the transformers.

4.3.2 Bushings and post insulators

4.3.2.1 The required minimum specific creepage shall be specified in schedule A. Although a lower
minimum specific creepage for bushings and post insulators might be specified in the specification
of the equipment to which the enclosure is to be attached, the minimum values given in table 2 shall
be used for the enclosure to comply with this specification.

4.3.2.2 Bushings shall comply with the requirements in table 5.

Table 5 — Bushing requirements

1 2 3

Termination/arrangement Specification Profile

Type 1 IEC 60137 IEC/TR 60815
Type 2 IEC 60137 IEC/TR 60815
Type 3 EN 50180 or EN 50181 EN 50180 or EN 50181
type C (M16×2)
Type 4 EN 50180 or EN 50181 EN 50180 or EN 50181
type C (M16×2) or type A

4.3.2.3 Post insulators shall comply with the requirements in table 6.

Table 6 — Post insulator requirements

1 2 3
Termination/arrangement Specification Profile
Type 1 IEC 60273 IEC/TR 60815
Type 2 IEC 60273 IEC/TR 60815

4.3.2.4 When bushings and post insulators are selected, due allowance shall be made for the
short-circuit forces which might be encountered in service.

4.3.2.5 Whether the bushings or post insulators are to be supplied by the manufacturer or whether
they are part of the connected equipment shall be specified in schedule A.

4.3.2.6 The preferred fixing method for screened separable connector terminations (i.e. plug-in or
bolted type) shall be specified in schedule A.

4.3.3 Mounting on equipment (self-contained cable termination enclosures)

4.3.3.1 The dimensions of flange facings that are provided for the purpose of mounting self-
contained enclosures on equipment shall be selected to suit the requirements of the manufacturer
of the equipment.

NOTE The flange fixing arrangements should comply with the requirements of BS 2562 where possible.
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13 PIESA 1012:2004

4.3.3.2 All mounting bolts, studs and nuts shall comply with the requirements of the relevant parts
of SANS 1700, and all steel bolts, studs, washers and nuts shall be corrosion resistant. When
specified in schedule A, or in the case of an outdoor enclosure, the mounting bolts or studs, nuts
and washers shall be stainless steel.

4.3.3.3 When the enclosure is to be attached to oil-filled equipment, an oil-resistant gasket shall be
fitted to the flange.

4.3.4 Earthing for cable termination enclosures

4.3.4.1 Means shall be provided for earthing core screens and cable shields or armouring (or both)
within the enclosure. Where the earth connection is made within the equipment to which the
enclosure is to be attached, provision shall be made for the earth lead to pass through the
enclosure through an insulated connection.

4.3.4.2 Where not covered in the specification of the equipment to which the enclosure is to be
attached, the earth terminal shall be a 30 mm long boss with an M12 thread throughout welded to
the enclosure. The boss shall be fitted with an M12 × 25 mm bolt, washer and spring washer. The
boss and the bolt shall be stainless steel.

4.3.4.3 Where an insulating gasket or joint between the enclosure flange and the equipment is
required, provision shall be made for the effective earthing of the enclosure to the equipment.

4.3.5 Height of cable termination enclosures

4.3.5.1 The distance between the centre line of terminals and the gland plate of an enclosure or
cable clamping bar (if applicable) shall be as specified in table 7. See figure A.1 and figure A.2 in
annex A for dimension ‘e’.

Table 7 — Distance from terminal centre line to gland plate or cable clamping bar
(if applicable)

1 2 3 4 5 6
Clearance
Symbol for
clearance mm
Cable type and size Voltage rating of enclosure
(see figures A.1 and kV
A.2 in annex A) 7,2 12 24 36
Single-core cables:
e All sizes 350 400 500 650
Three-core cables:
2
e Up to 95 mm 550 600 700 800
2 2
e 120 mm to 185 mm 600 650 750 900
2 2
e 240 mm to 400 mm 650 700 800 950
NOTE 1 The distance specified is adequate to allow for core crossings if
necessary to achieve correct phasing.
NOTE 2 Core crossing should preferably be performed where the cable cores
are screened.

4.3.5.2 Where an enclosure is to be equipped with current transformers rated < 1 000 V (see
4.3.1.20) and a three-core cable is used, the distance from the terminal centre line to the gland
plate or cable clamping bar (if applicable) shall generally have to be increased by 150 mm. The
additional length is required to allow for tri-furcating of the cores without mechanically overstressing
the cable crutch as well as to maintain the required clearances.
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PIESA 1012:2004 14

4.3.6 Reduced height of cable termination enclosures

Table 8 specifies the reduced distances between the centre line of terminals and the gland plate of
an enclosure or cable clamping bar (if applicable) in enclosures with limited space but which might
apply to other equipment under certain conditions. In particular,

a) no core crossings inside the enclosure are permitted,

b) the gland plate shall be wholly removable to allow for cable termination work outside the box,
and the fitting of the gland plate, gland and terminated cable in one action,

c) the enclosure shall not contain any current transformers, and

d) the box shall carry a stick-on label for the cable contractor, stating: “Core crossings inside this
box are not permissible”, or text with a similar meaning in another language as specified by the
purchaser in schedule A.

Table 8 — Reduced distance from terminal centre line to gland plate

or cable clamping bar (if applicable) for air-insulated termination
of three-core cables with limited space

1 2 3 4
Clearance
Symbols for
clearances mm
Cable type and size Voltage rating of enclosure
(see figures A.1 and kV
A.2 in annex A) 7,2 12
Three-core cables:
2
e up to 95 mm 400 500
2 2
e 120 mm to 185 mm 400 500
2 2
e 240 mm to 400 mm 500 600

4.3.7 Protection against corrosion

4.3.7.1 The coating system used by the manufacturer shall meet the tests stipulated in 5.5.

4.3.7.2 Special coating systems required by the user shall be specified in schedule A, by reference
to specifications in PIESA 1102.

4.3.7.3 The colour of the enclosure shall be specified in schedule A.

4.4 Rating plate

4.4.1 A rating plate for the enclosure shall be supplied when specified in schedule A. This plate
shall be of intrinsically corrosion-resistant material with the following details legibly and indelibly
marked thereon:

a) the manufacturer's name;

b) the product type number;

c) the voltage and current rating; and

d) the insulation level.

4.4.2 The method used to attach the rating plate shall be stated in schedule B.
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15 PIESA 1012:2004

5 Tests
5.1 Type test requirements for enclosures

5.1.1 The type tests for enclosures forming part of other equipment are generally covered by the
type tests for that particular equipment.

5.1.2 The type tests for enclosures (such as cable junction boxes) that are not intended to be
attached to any equipment shall be performed on a completely assembled enclosure, i.e. including
cable connections and live conductors. Carry out the tests as follows:

a) a lightning impulse voltage withstand test in accordance with IEC 60060-1;

b) a short-duration power-frequency voltage withstand test in accordance with IEC 60060-1;

c) an internal arc fault test in accordance with IEC 62271-200 on an air-insulated enclosure
complete with cables and bushings or post insulators. During the test the explosion vent shall
operate to protect the enclosure from serious distortion; and

d) a short time current withstand test to demonstrate that the complete assembly is capable of
handling the system fault level and maximum protection operating time specified in schedule A.

5.1.3 The type tests shall be performed on each type and size of enclosure or, alternatively, the
manufacturer shall supply a summary of test certificates that have been issued by an independent
accredited test facility (see B.5). Type tests on enclosures, bushings or post insulators similar to
those described above are acceptable as evidence of compliance with this specification unless
otherwise specified in schedule A.

5.2 Type test requirements for cable terminations

Cable terminations used within enclosures shall be suitably type tested in accordance with the
standards specified by the purchaser in schedule A.

NOTE It is intended that a PIESA specification for cable terminations will be prepared in the future. An
existing industry standard in use by some utilities in East and Southern Africa is NRS 053.

5.3 Routine performance tests

5.3.1 Routine performance tests are not required on the cable termination enclosures, unless the
enclosures are supplied as part of other equipment which requires these tests, or the tests are
specified in schedule A.

5.3.2 Routine tests on junction boxes are not required unless specified in schedule A.

5.4 Post-installation tests

5.4.1 A junction box shall be capable of withstanding the withstand voltages specified in 4.1, when
tested after all the cables have been connected for service.

5.4.2 Enclosures forming part of other equipment shall withstand the post-installation tests
performed on that equipment.

5.5 Tests on painted surfaces

The test measurements of the thickness of coatings in PIESA 1102 shall apply.
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PIESA 1012:2004 16

Annex A
(normative)

Illustrations of enclosures and live conductors

Figure A.1 – Typical self-contained termination enclosure (entry position of two three-core cables
shown as dotted circles)

Figure A.2 – Alternative self-contained termination enclosure showing vertical threading of cable
through gland plate opening

Figure A.3 – Correct method of connecting cables

Figure A.4 – Air-insulated termination (type 1)

Figure A.5 – Shrouded insulation termination (type 2)

Figure A.6 – Unscreened separable connector termination (type 3)

Figure A.7 – Air-insulated live conductor arrangement (type 1)

Figure A.8 – Shrouded live conductor arrangement (type 2)

Figure A.9 – Illustration of the correct earthing for ring type current transformers on each cable core
used for overcurrent and earth fault indication

Figure A.10 – Illustration of the correct earthing for ring type current transformer used for earth fault
indication
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17 PIESA 1012:2004

Annex A
(continued)

Figure A.1 — Typical self-contained termination enclosure (entry

position of two three-core cables shown as dotted circles)
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PIESA 1012:2004 18

Annex A
(continued)

Figure A.2 — Alternative self-contained termination enclosure showing

vertical threading of cable through gland plate opening
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19 PIESA 1012:2004

Annex A
(continued)

Figure A.3 — Correct method of connecting cables

Figure A.4 — Air-insulated termination (type 1)

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PIESA 1012:2004 20

Annex A
(continued)

Figure A.5 — Shrouded insulation termination (type 2)

Figure A.6 — Unscreened separable connector termination (type 3)

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21 PIESA 1012:2004

Annex A
(continued)

Figure A.7 — Air-insulated live conductor arrangement (type 1)

Figure A.8 — Shrouded live conductor arrangement (type 2)

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PIESA 1012:2004 22

Annex A
(continued)

Figure A.9 — Illustration of the correct earthing for ring type current transformers
on each cable core used for overcurrent and earth fault indication
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23 PIESA 1012:2004

Annex A
(concluded)

Figure A.10 — Illustration of the correct earthing for ring type

current transformer used for earth fault indication
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PIESA 1012:2004 24

Annex B
(informative)

Guide to purchasers on preparing an enquiry

B.1 General
A model form is given in annex C to provide the purchaser with a convenient aid to purchasing. The
use of this form is intended to obviate the need for preparing a detailed technical specification.

The purchaser need only specify compliance with this specification, provide the tenderers with
details of his particular requirements, and set out the information he requires the tenderers to
provide, as indicated below.

NOTE It is assumed that tenderers are in possession of this specification.

B.2 Schedules
B.2.1 General
The model form for purchasing schedules provides the purchaser with examples of a schedule A
and a schedule B. In his enquiry, the purchaser should provide his own schedule A and schedule B,
based on these examples.

NOTE It will be necessary to provide separate schedules A and B for each switchboard assembly, if more
than one is required.

B.2.2 Schedule A
Schedule A lists the requirements to be specified by the purchaser in enquiries and orders. These
requirements include references to the relevant subclauses in this specification, to assist in
compiling the schedules.

Where the text of any referenced standard stipulates that the purchaser shall indicate his
requirements, these requirements should also be specified in schedule A. The purchaser should set
out his particular requirements and choices in his own schedule A.

B.2.3 Schedule B
The purchaser should draw up his own schedule B (based on the schedule B in the model form in
annex C), and request the tenderer to fill in this schedule. By doing this, the tenderer will be stating
compliance with this specification and will be providing the information the purchaser has
requested.

NOTE 1 Where this specification allows the purchaser to make a choice, the example of schedule A (in the
model form in annex C) lists the preferred items/values/quantities. In the interests of standardization,
purchasers are encouraged not to deviate from these preferences.

NOTE 2 When preparing his own schedule A and schedule B from the examples in the model form in
annex C, the purchaser need include only the items he considers to be relevant or necessary.

NOTE 3 These schedules, when completed, become normative annexes to the enquiry specification.
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25 PIESA 1012:2004

Annex B
(concluded)

B.3 Commercial conditions

A purchaser will furthermore need to indicate the commercial conditions applicable and to draw up
a price schedule. Requirements for delivery, storage, packaging and marking should be included in
this part of the enquiry.

B.4 Quality assurance

This specification does not cover the purchaser's possible requirements in respect of quality
assurance, quality control, inspections, etc., since each purchaser needs to consider the criticality
of the application of each component and his own policy towards these matters. Purchasers are
referred to ISO 9001 for guidance.

B.5 Testing
Attention should be paid to the subject of testing and the related costs. Wherever possible, tests
should be carried out by an accredited laboratory and tenderers should be requested to provide
assurances in this regard. If an accredited laboratory is not readily available, the purchaser should
satisfy himself that the tests have been correctly performed. Price schedules should be so drawn up
and covering letters so worded that the costs of all services, such as tests, delivery and spares, are
declared and allowed for in the tender.

B.6 Revision of standards used as normative references

This specification, as has been indicated, is based on a set of defined standards, which might have
been revised or amended. Most purchasers would, in principle, wish to employ the latest standards.
The recommended approach is to secure an undertaking from a supplier to review the latest
versions and amendments and to incorporate these where possible and agreeable to both parties.
A blanket commitment to work to the "latest" versions of standards creates legal difficulties of
interpretation and risks for both parties, and should be properly assessed. This invariably cannot be
done in the time available.
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PIESA 1012:2004 26

Annex C
(informative)

Model form for schedules A and B

The model form is provided as a convenient aid to purchasing. Guidance on preparing an enquiry
using this form is given in annex B.

Schedule A: Purchaser's specific requirements

Schedule B: Guarantees and particulars of equipment to be supplied (to be completed by
tenderer)

Item Subclause Description Schedule A Schedule B

1 4.3.1.1 Enclosure to form part of equipment or to stand _________ xxxxxxxxx
alone?
2 4.3.1.2 Type (1-4) of cable termination required _________ xxxxxxxxx
3 4.3.1.4 Environmental parameters (if different from those _________ xxxxxxxxx
in 4.3.1.4)
4 4.3.1.5(a) Rated voltage kV _________ xxxxxxxxx
5 4.3.1.5(b) Rated current A _________ xxxxxxxxx
6 4.3.1.5(c) Number of poles _________ xxxxxxxxx
7 4.3.1.5(d) Number of glands _________ xxxxxxxxx
8 4.3.1.5(d) Size of glands _________ xxxxxxxxx
9 4.3.1.5(d) Number of cables to be terminated _________ xxxxxxxxx
10 4.3.1.5(d) Type of cable _________ xxxxxxxxx
2
11 4.3.1.5(d) Size of cable mm _________ xxxxxxxxx
12 4.3.1.5(e) System fault level kA _________ xxxxxxxxx
13 4.3.1.5(e) Maximum protection operating time ms _________ xxxxxxxxx
14 4.3.1.5(f) Type of bushing or post insulator to be used _________ xxxxxxxxx
15 4.3.1.5(g) Earthing method required _________ xxxxxxxxx
16 4.3.1.5(h) List of the rated lightning impulse withstand _________ xxxxxxxxx
voltage
17 4.3.1.6 Cable entry location (if not from below) _________ xxxxxxxxx
18 4.3.1.7 Other fixing arrangements of cable (if required) _________ xxxxxxxxx
19 4.3.1.12 Particulars of enclosures for ease of access xxxxxxxxx _________
20 4.3.1.13 Details of warning notice required _________ xxxxxxxxx
21 4.3.1.14 Will the purchaser supply cable glands? Yes/No xxxxxxxxx
22 4.3.1.14 Does the gland plate need to be drilled? Yes/No xxxxxxxxx
23 4.3.1.14 If yes, state details _________ xxxxxxxxx
24 4.3.1.22 Are current or voltage transformers to be mounted
in the enclosure? Yes/No xxxxxxxxx
25 4.3.1.22 Rated voltage CT and VT kV _________ xxxxxxxxx
26 4.3.1.22 Dimensions of CT and VT mm _________ xxxxxxxxx
27 4.3.2.1 Minimum specific creepage required mm _________ xxxxxxxxx
28 4.3.2.5 Are bushings or post insulators part of the
connected equipment or to be supplied by
manufacturer? _________ xxxxxxxxx
29 4.3.2.6 Details of screened separable connector fixing
method (i.e. plug-in or bolted type) _________ xxxxxxxxx
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27 PIESA 1012:2004

Annex C
(concluded)

Item Subclause Description Schedule A Schedule B

30 4.3.3.2 Are stainless steel bolts, studs, etc., required? Yes/No xxxxxxxxx
31 4.3.6(d) Language and text of stick-on label if not English _________ xxxxxxxxx
32 4.3.7.2 Are there special coating requirements? Yes/No xxxxxxxxx
33 4.3.7.2 If yes, provide the required corrosion protection
specification number as specified in PIESA 1102
(e.g. CPS 2) _________ xxxxxxxxx
34 4.3.7.3 Colour of the enclosure _________ xxxxxxxxx
35 4.4.1 Is a rating plate required? Yes/No xxxxxxxxx
36 4.4.2 If yes, method used to attach the rating plate xxxxxxxxx _________
37 5.1.3 Are type tests on similar equipment acceptable? Yes/No xxxxxxxxx
38 5.1.3 If no, other tests specified _________ xxxxxxxxx
39 5.2 Specification for type tests on cable terminations _________ xxxxxxxxx
40 5.3.1 Are routine tests required on cable termination
enclosures? Yes/No xxxxxxxxx
41 5.3.1 If yes, where are the tests specified? _________ xxxxxxxxx
42 5.3.2 Are routine tests required on junction boxes? Yes/No xxxxxxxxx
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PIESA 1012:2004 28

Bibliography
HD 428.2.2 S1, Three-phase oil-immersed distribution transformers 50 Hz, from 50 to 2 500 kVA
with highest voltage for equipment not exceeding 36 kV – Part 2: Distribution transformers with
cable boxes on the high-voltage and/or low-voltage side – Section 2: Cable boxes type 1 for use on
distribution transformers meeting the requirements of HD 428.2.1 S1.

IEC 60050-441, International electrotechnical vocabulary – Chapter 441: Switchgear, controlgear

and fuses. [SANS 60050-441 (SABS IEC 60050 (441))]

IEC 60050-461, International electrotechnical vocabulary – Chapter 461: Electric cables.

IEC 60071-1, Insulation co-ordination – Part 1: Definitions, principles and rules.

IEC 60071-2, Insulation co-ordination – Part 2: Application guide.

ISO 9001, Quality management systems – Requirements. [SANS 9001]

NRS 053, Accessories for medium-voltage power cables (3,8/6,6 kV to 19/33 kV).

SANS 1186-1, Symbolic safety signs – Part 1: Standard signs and general requirements.

© Standards South Africa