SEC – Methods in Geography
I. Designing of primary survey based on diverse research problems. Relevance of
pilot survey
1. What is the main purpose of a pilot survey?
a) To finalize the research report
b) To test the feasibility of the survey
c) To increase the sample size
d) To eliminate the need for data analysis
2. Which of the following is a key component of survey design?
a) Data interpretation
b) Literature review
c) Questionnaire development
d) Hypothesis testing
3. Why is defining the target population important in a survey?
a) To reduce the cost of data collection
b) To ensure the sample represents the population
c) To avoid conducting a pilot survey
d) To increase the response rate
4. How does a pilot survey help researchers?
a) By confirming the research hypothesis
b) By eliminating the need for further surveys
c) By identifying potential issues in the survey process
d) By reducing the sample size
5. Which of the following is NOT a benefit of conducting a pilot survey?
a) Identifying ambiguous questions
b) Testing data collection methods
c) Finalizing the research conclusions
d) Assessing survey timing
6. What should be considered when designing a survey for diverse research
problems?
a) Survey length
b) Researcher preferences
c) Target audience demographics
d) Statistical analysis tools
7. Which of the following best describes reliability in a survey?
a) Consistency of results over time
b) B) The number of questions
c) C) The size of the sample
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d) D) The length of the survey
8. What is the role of feedback from a pilot survey?
a) To finalize the data analysis
b) To validate the research findings
c) To improve survey design and execution
d) To eliminate ethical considerations
9. Which aspect of a survey is primarily assessed during a pilot survey?
a) Data analysis
b) Questionnaire clarity
c) Research hypothesis
d) Literature review
10. How does a pilot survey contribute to ethical research practice?
a) By ensuring all research is published
b) By identifying potential risks and addressing them
c) By reducing the number of participants
d) By guaranteeing the success of the final survey
II. 2. Sampling types and strategy based on diverse research problems
1. Which sampling method involves selecting participants randomly from a
population?
a) Quota sampling
b) Snowball sampling
c) Simple random sampling
d) Purposive sampling
2. In which sampling method are subgroups within a population represented
proportionally?
a) Cluster sampling
b) Stratified sampling
c) Systematic sampling
d) Convenience sampling
3. Which sampling strategy is best suited for hard-to-reach populations?
a) Simple random sampling
b) Quota sampling
c) Snowball sampling
d) Systematic sampling
4. What is a major advantage of cluster sampling?
a) It requires fewer resources
b) It provides higher accuracy
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c) It eliminates sampling bias
d) It focuses on small sample sizes
5. What is the primary characteristic of purposive sampling?
a) Random selection
b) Selection based on researcher judgment
c) Equal chance for all participants
d) Based on quota targets
6. Which sampling type involves selecting every nth individual from a list?
a) Systematic sampling
b) Stratified sampling
c) Random sampling
d) Cluster sampling
7. In what scenario is quota sampling most effective?
a) When time and resources are limited
b) When generalizing to a larger population
c) When dealing with homogenous populations
d) When testing specific subgroups
Answer: D
8. Which sampling method does NOT involve random selection?
a) Simple random sampling
b) Systematic sampling
c) Purposive sampling
d) Cluster sampling
9. What is a key disadvantage of convenience sampling?
a) It requires a large sample size
b) It is time-consuming
c) It may lead to sampling bias
d) It requires complex statistical tools
10. What is the main goal of using stratified sampling?
a) To simplify data collection
b) To ensure each subgroup is adequately represented
c) To reduce the sample size
d) To avoid using complex statistical methods
III. Preparation of questionnaire and interview schedule
1. Which type of question allows respondents to answer in their own words?
a) Multiple-choice
b) Closed-ended
c) Open-ended
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d) True/false
2. What is the main purpose of using a Likert scale in questionnaires?
a) To collect numerical data
b) To measure attitudes or opinions
c) To increase response rate
d) To simplify data analysis
3. Why is it important to pre-test a questionnaire?
a) To finalize data collection
b) To identify and correct any issues
c) To collect preliminary data
d) To train the research team
4. Which factor should NOT be considered when designing an interview schedule?
a) Research objectives
b) Complexity of questions
c) Length of the interview
d) Personal opinions of the interviewer
Answer: D
5. What is the primary function of a cover letter in a questionnaire?
a) To summarize research findings
b) To explain the purpose and importance of the survey
c) To provide detailed instructions for data analysis
d) To reduce the length of the questionnaire
6. How can you avoid leading questions in a questionnaire?
a) By using suggestive language
b) By ensuring questions are neutral and unbiased
c) By asking for detailed personal opinions
d) By limiting response options
7. What is the purpose of using a filter question in a survey?
a) To ensure the questionnaire is anonymous
b) To determine the relevance of subsequent questions
c) To increase the length of the survey
d) To measure response time
8. What is an advantage of using closed-ended questions?
a) They allow for detailed responses
b) They are easier to analyze quantitatively
c) They require less time to develop
d) They encourage elaboration
9. Which of the following is a good practice when preparing an interview
schedule?
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a) Asking complex and technical questions first
b) Using ambiguous terms to avoid clarity
c) Structuring questions logically and coherently
d) Avoiding any sensitive topics
10. How can response bias be minimized in a questionnaire?
a) By using ambiguous questions
b) By assuring anonymity and confidentiality
c) By limiting the number of response options
d) By leading the respondent to a specific answer
IV. Data compilation into master table
1. What is the main purpose of a master table in research?
a) To store raw data
b) To summarize and organize data for analysis
c) To present final research findings
d) To replace the need for statistical analysis
2. Which of the following is an essential step before compiling data into a master
table?
a) Data interpretation
b) Data validation and cleaning
c) Data visualization
d) Data sharing
3. What is the role of coding in data compilation?
a) To analyze data
b) To transform qualitative data into numerical form
c) To visualize data
d) To reduce sample size
4. Which tool can help in compiling data into a master table efficiently?
a) Statistical software (e.g., SPSS, Excel)
b) A printed questionnaire
c) Audio recording devices
d) Field notebooks
5. How should missing data be handled when compiling a master table?
a) It should be ignored
b) It should be highlighted and addressed appropriately
c) It should be removed from the dataset
d) It should be substituted with random values
6. What is a key benefit of using a master table in data analysis?
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a) It eliminates the need for data collection
b) It provides a comprehensive overview of all variables
c) It simplifies the research hypothesis
d) It ensures data confidentiality
7. What is cross-tabulation in the context of a master table?
a) A technique for visualizing data
b) A method to compare two or more variables
c) A process for data cleaning
d) A tool for writing research reports
8. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a well-organized master table?
a) Consistent data entry formats
b) Clear labeling of variables
c) Redundant data entries
d) Accurate representation of data
9. Why is it important to maintain data confidentiality when compiling a master
table?
a) To ensure data accuracy
b) To comply with ethical standards
c) To reduce the workload
d) To simplify data analysis
10. What is the first step in compiling data into a master table?
a) Analyzing the data
b) Cleaning and coding the data
c) Sharing the data
d) Publishing the results
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