Practical 7: Implement LSTM Model and Test it for a
Given Dataset
About LSTM Model:
Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) is a type of Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) architecture
designed to capture long-term dependencies in sequential data. It solves the vanishing gradient
problem by introducing gates to control the flow of information.
Key Points of LSTM: - LSTMs are well-suited for time-series forecasting, text, and sequential data.
- They use input, output, and forget gates to regulate memory cell updates. - LSTMs can learn both
short-term and long-term dependencies effectively. - Applications include stock prediction, weather
forecasting, language modeling, and anomaly detection.
Python Code Implementation:
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from pandas import read_csv
import math
import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow.keras.models import Sequential
from tensorflow.keras.layers import Dense, LSTM
from sklearn.preprocessing import MinMaxScaler
from sklearn.metrics import mean_squared_error
dataframe = read_csv('/content/drive/MyDrive/DataSet/airline-passengers.csv', usecols=[1], engine='py
dataset = dataframe.values
dataset = dataset.astype('float32')
# normalize the dataset
scaler = MinMaxScaler(feature_range=(0, 1))
dataset = scaler.fit_transform(dataset)
train_size = int(len(dataset) * 0.67)
test_size = len(dataset) - train_size
train, test = dataset[0:train_size,:], dataset[train_size:len(dataset),:]
def create_dataset(dataset, look_back=1):
dataX, dataY = [], []
for i in range(len(dataset)-look_back-1):
a = dataset[i:(i+look_back), 0]
dataX.append(a)
dataY.append(dataset[i + look_back, 0])
return np.array(dataX), np.array(dataY)
look_back = 10
trainX, trainY = create_dataset(train, look_back)
testX, testY = create_dataset(test, look_back)
trainX = np.reshape(trainX, (trainX.shape[0], 1, trainX.shape[1]))
testX = np.reshape(testX, (testX.shape[0], 1, testX.shape[1]))
model = Sequential()
model.add(LSTM(10, input_shape=(1, look_back)))
model.add(Dense(1))
model.compile(loss='mean_squared_error', optimizer='adam')
model.fit(trainX, trainY, epochs=100, batch_size=1, verbose=2)
trainPredict = model.predict(trainX)
testPredict = model.predict(testX)
trainPredict = scaler.inverse_transform(trainPredict)
trainY = scaler.inverse_transform([trainY])
testPredict = scaler.inverse_transform(testPredict)
testY = scaler.inverse_transform([testY])
trainScore = np.sqrt(mean_squared_error(trainY[0], trainPredict[:,0]))
print('Train Score: %.2f RMSE' % (trainScore))
testScore = np.sqrt(mean_squared_error(testY[0], testPredict[:,0]))
print('Test Score: %.2f RMSE' % (testScore))
trainPredictPlot = np.empty_like(dataset)
trainPredictPlot[:, :] = np.nan
trainPredictPlot[look_back:len(trainPredict)+look_back, :] = trainPredict
testPredictPlot = np.empty_like(dataset)
testPredictPlot[:, :] = np.nan
testPredictPlot[len(trainPredict)+(look_back*2)+1:len(dataset)-1, :] = testPredict
plt.plot(scaler.inverse_transform(dataset))
plt.plot(trainPredictPlot)
plt.plot(testPredictPlot)
plt.show()
