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Program 6 : Design and develop a C program that reads two matrices A (m x n) and B (p x q)
and Compute product of matrices A and B. Read matrix A and matrix B in row major order.
Print both the input matrices and resultant matrix appropriately.
(I) Programming Approach
I. Read matrix A of size mxn
II. Read matrix B of size pxq
III. Check for compatibility (n= = p)
IV. Perform multiplication AXB, resultant matrix size will be m X q Where
m & p are the number of rows
n& q are the number of columns
(II) Algorithm
Step 1: Start
Step 2: Declare variables and initialize necessary variables
Step 3: Enter the element of matrices by row wise using loops
Step 4: Check the number of rows and column of first and second matrices
Step 5: If number of rows of first matrix is equal to the number of columns of second matrix,
go to step 6. Otherwise, print matrix multiplication is not possible and go to step 8.
Step 6: Multiply the matrices using nested loops.
Step 7: Print the product in matrix form as console output.
Step 8: Stop
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(III) Flowchart
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(IV) Program
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int A[10][10],B[10][10],C[10][10],i,j,k,m,n,p,q;
printf("Enter the size of matrix A\n”);
scanf(“%d%d",&m,&n); // read size of matrix a
printf("Enter the size of matrix B\n”);
scanf("%d%d",&p,&q); // read size of matrix b
if(n!=p) // check for compatibility
printf("Matrix multiplication is not possible\n”);
else
{
printf("Enter elements of matrix A\n");
for(i=0;i<m;i++)
for(j=0;j<n;j++)
scanf(“%d”,&A[i][j]); //read matrix A
printf("Enter elements of matrix B\n");
for(i=0;i<p;i++)
for(j=0;j<q;j++)
scanf("%d",&B[i][j]); //read matrix B
for(i=0;i<m;i++)
for(j=0;j<q;j++)
{
C[i][j]=0;
for(k=0;k<n;k++)
C[i][j] = C[i][j] + A[i][k] * B[k][j] ; // multiply a and b matrix
}
printf(“The resultant matrix C is\n");
for(i=0;i<m;i++)
{
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for(j=0;j<q;j++)
printf("%5d",C[i][j]);
printf("\n");
}
} // end of else
return 0;
}
(V) Output
Run 1
Enter the size of matrix A
2
2
Enter the size of matrix B
2
2
Enter the elements of matrix A
2
4
1
3
Enter the elements of matrix B
4
1
2
3
The resultant matrix C is
16 14
10 10
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Run 2
Enter the size of matrix A
3
2
Enter the size of matrix B
4
3
Matrix multiplication is not possible
(VI) Sample Viva questions
1. What is an Array?
2. What is 2D-Array?
3. How to declare 2D-Array?
4. How to initialize 2D-Array?
5. What is the output of the following code?
int main( )
int a[3][3]={10,20,30,1,2,3,21,22,23};
printf(“%d”,a[2][2]);
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Program 7: Design and develop a C program to implement the following operations without
using library functions. Display the results after every operation.
I. Read STRING S1 = “Dayananda”
II. Read STRING S2 = “Sagar”
III. Output the concatenated string (s1+s2) STIRNG s3 = “DayanandaSagar”
(I) Programming Approach
The program is used to read 2 strings STR1 & STR2 and compute the resulting string STR3
which consists of STR1 and STR2 without using library function. The program includes the
concept of Strings and looping.
(II) Algorithm
Step 1: START
[Input 2 strings STR1 & STR2]
Read STR1, STR2
Step 2: [Initialize i, j and count to Zero]
i = 0; j = 0; count = 0;
Step 3: [Copy the string STR1 to STR3]
while STR1[ i ] != “\0”
BEGIN STR3[ count ] = STR1[ i ]
count ++ [Track length of string STR3]
i++;
END
Step 4: [Increment the value of Count to insert space between 2 strings]
STR3[count++]=‟ „
Step 5: [Copy the string STR2 to STR3]
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While STR2[ j ] != “ \0” BEGIN
STR3[ count ] = STR2[ j ]
count ++
j++;
END
Step 6: [Terminate the String with end of Character]
STR3[count] = „\0‟
Step 7: [Print the String STR1, STR2 and STR3]
Print STR1, STR2, STR3
Step 8: END
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(III) Flow Chart
A
Start
while STR2[j] !=
False
‘\0’
Read STR1,
STR2
tru
e
STR3[count]=STR2[i] j++
count++
while STR1[i] != ‘\0’ False
tru
e
STR3[count]=STR1[i] i++
count++
STR3[count]='\0'
Print STR1,
STR2,
STR3
STR3 coun ++]=
Sto p
A
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(IV) Program
/* The program to Concatenate 2 Strings */
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
char STR1[100],STR2[100],STR3[100];
int i=0,j=0,count=0;
//READING OF STRINGS STR1 AND STR2
printf("Enter the String 1\n");
gets(STR1);
printf("Enter the String 2\n");
gets(STR2);
//COPY STRING STR1 TO STR3
while(STR1[i]!='\0')
{
STR3[count]=STR1[i];
count++;
i++;
}
//INSERT BLANK SPACE BETWEEN STR1 AND STR2
STR3[count++]=' ';
//COPY STRING STR2 TO STR3 FROM THE LOCATION COUNT
while(STR2[j]!='\0')
{
STR3[count]=STR2[j];
count++;
j++;
}
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//END OF STRING
STR3[count]='\0';
//PRINTING OF STRINGS STR1, STR2, STR3
printf("\n String STR1 =\t");
puts(STR1);
printf("\n String STR2 =\t");
puts(STR2);
printf("\n String STR3 =\t");
puts(STR3);
return 0;
}
(V) Output
Run1:
Enter the String 1
Dayananda
Enter the String 2
Sagar
String STR1 = Dayananda
String STR2 = Sagar
String STR3 = DayanandaSagar
Run2:
Enter the String 1
Engineering
Enter the String 2
Department
String STR1 = Engineering
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String STR2 = Department
String STR3 = Engineering Department
(VI) Sample Viva Questions
1. What is String?
2. Write C code snippet to find the length of a string without using library function?
3. What is the difference between character constant and strings?
4. List out all the string handling functions.
5. Write a code snippet to reverse a string using the strrev() function.
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