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Query Optimization

The document discusses query optimization techniques in database management systems (DBMS), focusing on improving the efficiency of database queries. It outlines two main types of optimization: heuristic and cost-based, detailing various techniques and their importance in enhancing performance, especially in large databases. The case study illustrates the impact of optimization on execution time, emphasizing the necessity of these techniques for effective database management.

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Additiya Majumder
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8 views2 pages

Query Optimization

The document discusses query optimization techniques in database management systems (DBMS), focusing on improving the efficiency of database queries. It outlines two main types of optimization: heuristic and cost-based, detailing various techniques and their importance in enhancing performance, especially in large databases. The case study illustrates the impact of optimization on execution time, emphasizing the necessity of these techniques for effective database management.

Uploaded by

Additiya Majumder
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Slide 1: Title Slide

- Title: Query Optimization Techniques in DBMS


- Subtitle: Improving Efficiency of Database Queries
- Your Name / Course / Date

Slide 2: Introduction to Query Optimization

- Definition: Process of selecting the most efficient way to execute a query.


- Goal: Reduce execution time and resource usage.
- Importance: Enhances performance in large databases.

Slide 3: Types of Query Optimization

- Heuristic Optimization: Rule-based techniques, simplifies query using equivalence rules.


- Cost-Based Optimization: Estimates cost of different query execution plans, chooses the
lowest-cost plan.

Slide 4: Heuristic Optimization Techniques

- Apply selection as early as possible.


- Replace Cartesian product with join when possible.
- Use projection to remove unnecessary attributes.
- Reorder operations to minimize intermediate results.

Slide 5: Cost-Based Optimization

- Uses query tree and relational algebra.


- Considers factors: I/O cost, CPU cost, memory usage.
- Statistics used: Table size, indexes, distribution of values.
- Chooses plan with minimal estimated cost.

Slide 6: Query Execution Plans

- Logical Plan: High-level representation using relational algebra.


- Physical Plan: Actual methods (e.g., nested loop join, hash join).
- Example: Same query can have multiple execution strategies.

Slide 7: Case Study Example


- Query: Retrieve employees with salary > 50,000 from department X.
- Naïve Plan: Scan entire table, filter later.
- Optimized Plan: Use index on salary + department filter first.
- Result: Significant reduction in execution time.

Slide 8: Conclusion

- Query optimization improves database performance.


- Heuristic and cost-based approaches are widely used.
- Optimized queries save time, storage, and resources.
- Essential for large-scale database systems.

Slide 9: References

- Database System Concepts – Silberschatz, Korth, Sudarshan.


- Fundamentals of Database Systems – Elmasri & Navathe.

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