Question 1: Define the terms associated with Matrices:

1.) Order of a Matrix: The order of matrix gives the dimension of the matrix, and it informs
the number of rows and columns present in the matrix.

Example:

A B C

D E F

A- 2 x 3 ( 2 rows by 3 columns)
B- 2 x 2 ( 2 rows by 2 columns)
C- 3 x 1 ( 3 rows by 1 column)
D- 1 x 3 ( 1 row by 3 columns)
E- 3 x 3 ( 3 rows by 3 columns)
F- 2 x 2 ( 2 rows by 2 columns)

2.) Equal Matrix: Equal matrices is a mathematical concept of matrices where two or more
matrices are said to be equal if they have the same dimensions or order and all
corresponding elements of the matrices are equal.

Example:
 3.) Null Matrix: In mathematics, particularly linear algebra, a zero matrix or null matrix is a
matrix all of whose entries are zero.

Example:

4.) Column Matrix: Column matrix is a matrix in which all the elements are in a single
column. A column matrix has only one column and multiple rows. The order of a column
matrix is n × 1, and it has n elements.

Example:

5.) Row Matrix: Row matrix is a matrix in which all the elements are in a single row. A row
matrix has only one row and multiple columns. The order of a row matrix is 1 × n, and it
has n elements.
 6.) Diagonal Matrix: A diagonal matrix is a matrix that is both upper triangular and lower
triangular. i.e., all the elements above and below the principal diagonal are zeros and
hence the name "diagonal matrix"

Example:

7.) Unit Matrix: The unit matrix is every n x n square matrix made up of all zeros except for
the elements of the main diagonal that are all ones.

Example:
Question 2: illustrate how to determine the determinant of a 2x2 matrix and with the aid of an
example illustrate how to find the inverse of 2x2 matrix

1. To determine the determinant of a 2x2 matrix, you can use a simple formula. Let's say we
have a matrix:

|a b|
|c d|

The determinant of this matrix, denoted as det(A) or |A|, is calculated as follows:

det(A) = (a * d) - (b * c)

So, to determine the determinant of a 2x2 matrix, you multiply the value in the top-left position
(a) by the value in the bottom-right position (d), and then subtract the product of the value in the
top-right position (b) and the value in the bottom-left position (c).

2. To find the inverse of a 2x2 matrix, you can follow a specific procedure. Let's take an
example matrix and go through the steps:

|3 4|
|2 1|

1. Calculate the determinant:

det(A) = (3 * 1) - (4 * 2)
=3-8
= -5

2. Since det(A) = -5, which is non-zero, we can proceed to find the inverse.

3. Calculate the adjugate matrix:

Calculate the adjugate matrix adj(A) by swapping the positions of the elements in the main
diagonal (a and d) and changing the signs of the elements in the off-diagonal (b and c):

adj(A) = | 1 -4 |
| -2 3 |
4. Multiply the adjugate matrix by (1 / det(A)):

A^(-1) = (1 / -5) * | 1 -4 |
| -2 3 |

Simplifying,

A^(-1) = | -1/5 4/5 |

Therefore, the inverse of the given matrix is:

| -1/5 4/5 |
| 2/5 -3/5 |

Question 3: State the properties of translation, reflection, rotation and enlargement

Translation:
 A translation is a transformation that moves each point of a figure the same distance in the
same direction.

 The size and shape of the figure do not change, only the position changes.

 Translations are typically described by a vector that represents the distance and direction
of the movement.

 One important property of translations is that they preserve distance and angles.

Reflection:
 A reflection is a transformation that flips a figure over a line, called the line of reflection.

 The line of reflection serves as a mirror, with points on one side being reflected over to the
other side.

 Reflections reverse the orientation of the figure, but do not change its size or shape.

 The distance between any point on the original figure and its image is equal to the distance
between the line of reflection and the point.
Rotation:
 A rotation is a transformation that turns a figure around a fixed point by a certain angle.

 The fixed point is referred to as the center of rotation.

 Rotations can be clockwise or counterclockwise, depending on the direction of the turn.

 The angle of rotation determines the amount of turning that occurs and can be measured in
degrees.

Enlargement:

 An enlargement is a transformation that changes the size of a figure by a scale factor.

 The scale factor is a ratio that describes how much the figure is being magnified or shrunk.

 The center of enlargement is a point used as the center of the scaling operation.

 Enlargements change both the size and shape of the figure, with distances between points
being stretched or compressed based on the scale factor.

Using the object triangle ABC with vertices A (0,0), B (4,1) and C (3,4) = reflect triangle
ABC in the line y=0

To reflect triangle ABC in the line y = 0 (also known as the x-axis), we need to find the image
of each of the three vertices A, B, and C after the reflection. Here's how we can do it step by
step:
For a reflection in the x-axis, the y-coordinate of each point gets flipped. The x-coordinate
remains the same.

Let's find the images of A, B, and C after the reflection:

Image of A(0,0):
In a reflection over the x-axis, the y-coordinate changes sign. So, the image of A will be A'(0,-
0) which is the same as A(0,0).
Image of B(4,1):
The y-coordinate of B is 1, so when reflected over the x-axis, it becomes -1. Therefore, the
image of B will be B'(4,-1).

Image of C(3,4):
The y-coordinate of C is 4, which turns into -4 after reflecting in the x-axis. Hence, the image
of C will be C'(3,-4).

Now that we have the images of the vertices after the reflection, we can plot them to see the
reflected triangle.

Here is how the final reflected triangle looks:

Triangle ABC:
A(0,0)
B(4,1)
C(3,4)

Reflected Triangle A'B'C':

Translation:
 Pierce, R. (Year). Geometry Translation [Information description]. Retrieved
from https://www.mathsisfun.com/geometry/translation.html

Reflection:
 Pierce, R. (Year). Geometry - Reflection [Information description]. Retrieved
from https://www.mathsisfun.com/geometry/reflection.html

Rotation:
 Pierce, R. (Year). Geometry Rotation [Information description]. Retrieved
from https://www.mathsisfun.com/geometry/rotation.html

Classification of matrices:
 Row matrix: Column matrix: Null matrix. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.math-only-
math.com/classification-of-matrices.html

Matrices:
 solve, types, meaning, examples: Matrix definition. (n.d.). Retrieved from
https://www.cuemath.com/algebra/solve-matrices/

 A computer science portal for geeks. (n.d.). Retrieved from