REPUBLIC OF RWANDA

LEVEL: A Level
SUBJECT: CHEMISTRY
GRADE: S5ANP, S5PCB,
S5MCB& S5PCM
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION
DATE: 28/03/2025
SOUTHERN PROVINCE
DURATION: 3HOURS
HUYE DISTRICT
MAX.: 100MARKS
THE END OF TERM TWO COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT
2024-2025
INSTRUCTIONS

 This paper consists of two sections: section A and section B

SECTION A: all questions are compulsory. (70marks)
SECTION B: Attempt only 3 questions. (30marks)
 Do not open this paper until you are told to do so.
 Write your name correctly and your class number.
 Read each question carefull before answering it.
 Respect question order and draw horizontal line after
each answer.
 You must use BLUE pen only.
 Avoid deletions and additions.

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SECTION A: ALL QUESTIONS ARE COMPULSORY 70MARKS

01. The general formula of cycloalkane is

(a) Cn H n (b) Cn H 2n (c) Cn H 2n  2 (d) Cn H 2n  2 (2marks)
02. Atenolol is an example of the type of medicine called a beta blocker. These medicines
are used to lower blood pressure by slowing the heart rate. The structure of atenolol
is shown below.

Give the name of each of the circled functional groups labelled J and K on the
structure of atenolol shown above. (2marks)

Functional group labelled J : …………………………………………….

Functional group labelled K: ………………………………………………

03. If a compound gives an orange or red precipitate with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine,

then the compound is (2marks)
(a) An alkyl halide
(b) An aryl halide
(c) An amine
(d) A carbonyl compound
04. The isomerism that arises due to restricted bond rotation is (2marks)
(a) Metamerism
(b) Position isomerism
(c) Geometrical
(d) Functional isomerism
(e) Optical isomerism
05. The IUPAC name of the compound (2marks)

is,

(a) 2,3,8-trimethyl-6-buytlnonane
(b) 2,3-dimethyl-6-(2-methylpropyl) decane
(c) 6-butyl-2,3,8-trimethylnonane
(d) 5-(2-methylpropyl)-8,9-dimethyldecane

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06. The reaction given below is an example of which of the following? (2marks)

(a) Reamer Tiemann reaction

(b) Wurtz reaction
(c) Hoffman bromide reaction
(d) Aldol condensation
07. Which of the following orders is correct regarding the basicity of the NH2 group in
aqueous solution? (2marks)
(a) CH3NH2 > (CH3)2NH > (CH3)3N
(b) CH3NH2 < (CH3)2NH < (CH3)3N
(c) CH3NH2 > (CH3)2NH < (CH3)3N
(d) CH3NH2 < (CH3)2NH > (CH3)3N
08. Reaction between propene and HCl to form isopropyl chloride takes through (2marks)
(a) Nucleophilic addition reaction
(b) Electrophilic addition reaction
(c) Nucleophilic substitution reaction
(d) Electrophilic substitution reaction
09. Compound “A” of the molecular formula , C4 H 4O , on treatment with LUCAS reagent at
room temperature gives compound “B”. When compound “B” is heated with alcoholic
KOH, it gives isobutene. Compound “A” and “B” are respectively. (4marks)
(a) 2-methyl -2-propanol and 2-chloro-2-methylpropane
(b) 2-methyl -1-propnanol and 1-chloro -2-methylpropane
(c) 2-methyl-1-propanol and 2-methyl-2-chloropropane
(d) Butan-2-ol and 2-chlorobutane
(e) Buta-1-ol and 1-chlorobutane
10. The total number of acyclic (non-cyclic) structure isomers possible for the compound
with molecular formula C4H10O is (4marks)
(a) 9
(b) 7
(c) 5
(d) 6
(e) 8
11. A gaseous hydrocarbon gives upon combustion 0.72 g of water and 3.08 g of CO2. If the
relative atomic mass of C=12, O=16, and H=1, the empirical formula of the hydrocarbon
is (4marks)
(a) C7H8
(b) C2H4
(c) C3H4
(d) C6H5

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12. Choose the BEST answer among alternatives given for each of the following questions

(I) Identify a reagent from the following list which can easily distinguish between 1-
butyne and 2-butyne (2marks)
(a) Bromine, CCl4
(b) Dilute H2SO4, HgSO4
(c) H2, Lindlar’s catalyst
(d) Ammoniacal Cu2Cl2 solution
(II) Which of the following statements is not correct? (2marks)
(a) Molecules that are superimposable on their mirror images are chiral
(b) Molecules that are not superimposable on their mirror images are chiral
(c) A compound whose molecules are chiral can exist as enantiomers
(d) A compound whose molecules are achiral cannot exist as enantiomer
(III) The addition of HCl in the presence of peroxide does not follow anti-Markovnikov rule
because (2marks)
(a) HCl bond is too strong to be broken homolytically
(b) Cl atom is not reactive enough to add on a double bond
(c) Cl combines with H to give HCl
(d) HCl is a reducing agent
(IV) Among the following structures (2marks)

it is true that
(a) only II and IV are chiral compounds
(b) all four are chiral compounds
(c) only I and II are chiral compounds
(d) only III is a chiral compound
(V) Which of the following statements is correct? (2marks)
(a) The addition of H2 to 2-butyne using Na in liquid NH3 gives cis-1,2-dimethylethene.
(b) The addition of H2 to 2-butyne using H2 and Lindlar’s catalyst gives cis-1,2-
dimethylethene.
(c) The cis-1,2-dimethylethene is more stable than its trans isomer.
(d) cis-trans mixture of 2-pentene cannot be converted to either cis or trans form

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(VI) The reagent(s) for the following conversion, (2marks)

(a) alcoholic KOH

(b) alcoholic KOH followed by NaNH2
(c) aqueous KOH followed by NaNH2
(d) Zn/CH₃OH.
(VII) The major products obtained during ozonolysis of 2,3-dimethyl-1-butene and
subsequent reductions with Zn and H₂O are (2marks)
(a) Methanoic acid and 2-methyl-2-butanone
(b) Methanal and 3-methyl-2-butanone
(c) Methanol and 2,3-dimethyl-3-butanone
(d) Methanoic acid and 2-methyl-3-butanone
(VIII) Alkyl halides are less soluble in water because (2marks)
(a) they ionise in water
(b) they do not form H-bonds with water
(c) they are highly viscous
(d) they have very strong C-X bond.
(IX) The decreasing order of boiling points of alkyl halides is (2marks)
(a) RF > RCl > RBr > RI
(b) RBr > RCl > RI > RF
(c) RI > RBr > RCl > RF
(d) RCl > RF > RI > RBr
(e) RI > RF > RCl > RBr
(X) Which of the following is not true for SN1 reaction? (2marks)
(a) Favoured by polar solvents.
(b) 3°-alkyl halides generally react through SN1 reaction.
(c) The rate of the reaction does not depend upon the molar concentration of the
nucleophile.
(d) 1°-alkyl halides generally react through SN1reaction.
(XI) Some reactions are shown, based on methylpropan-2-ol, (CH3)3COH. (5marks)

Reaction 1 Reaction 3
(CH3)CBr (CH3)3COH (CH3)2C=CH2

Reaction 2
Reaction 4

(CH3)3CBr and (CH3)2CHCH2Br

For each of the reactions state the reagent(s), the particular conditions required, if any,
and the type of reaction.
For the type of reaction choose from the list

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 Each type may be used once, more than once or not at all.
Each reaction may be described by one or more than one type.

Hydrolysis dehydration substitution

oxidation addition condensation

Copy and complete the table …………

Reaction Reagent(s) and Types of reaction
conditions
1 ……………………….. …………………………..
2 …………………………… Hydrolysis or substitution
3 Conc.H2SO4 …………………………..
4 HBr …………………………..

(XII) Chloroacetic acid is a stronger acid than acetic acid. This can be explained using
(a) -Methyl effect (2marks)
(b) -I effect
(c) +Methyl effect
(d) +I effect.
(XIII) A carbonyl compound with molecular weight 86, does not reduce Fehling's solution
but forms crystalline bisulphite derivatives and gives iodoform test. The possible
compounds can be (2marks)
(a) 2-pentanone and 3-pentanone
(b) 2-pentanone and 3-methyl-2-butanone
(c) 2-pentanone and pentanal
(d) 3-pentanone and 3-methyl-2-butanone

(XIV) The organic product of the reaction between ethanoyl chloride and methylamine has
the formula (2marks)
A. CH3NHCH2COCl

B. CH3CH(NH2)COCl

C.CH3CONH2

D.CH3CONHCH3
(XV) In the synthesis of an ester, the use of an acyl chloride and an alcohol gives a
better yield than the use of a carboxylic acid and an alcohol.
This is because the reaction between
(a) an acyl chloride and an alcohol is an equilibrium.
(b) an acid and an alcohol goes to completion.
(c) an acid and an alcohol requires a catalyst.
(d) an acyl chloride and an alcohol goes to completion

Page 6 of 11
13. Ethanal, CH3CHO, can be converted by a two-step synthesis into 2-hydroxypropanoic
acid. (2marks)

1st Step Reagents and Conditions 2nd Step Reagents and Conditions
(a) Na₂Cr₂O₇ and dilute H₂SO₄, heat
under reflux NaOH(aq), heat under reflux
(b) Cl₂, UV light NaOH(aq), heat under reflux
(c) LiAlH₄ in dry ether CO₂, room temperature
(d) HCN, in presence of KCN(aq) dilute HCl(aq), heat under reflux

14. The three amino acids shown below were obtained by hydrolysis of a protein.

(a) (i) Draw the zwitterion of alanine. (1mark)

(ii) Draw the species formed when valine is dissolved in an alkaline solution. (1mark)
(iii) Draw the species formed by lysine at low pH. (1mark)
(b) Draw the structure of tripeptide formed between alanine, valine and lysine (2marks)

15. The order of basicity of amines decreases in alkylation in the gas phase. This trend is
changed in aqueous medium. The appropriate reason for this change is (2marks)
(a) the electron releasing effect of alkyl group
(b) Difference in behavior of alkyl group in aqueous phase
(c) Ammonium ion formed in tertiary amine does not have effective hydrogen bonding
(d) Alkyl group stabilizes only the alkyl ammonium ion

Page 7 of 11
SECTION B: ATTEMPT ANY THREE QUESTIONS 30MARKS

16. (I) The formulae of some compounds are shown below

(a) Each letter may be used once, more than once or not at all, to answer the questions
below. Give the letter of the compound which

(i) is most basic,

(ii) forms yellow crystals when warmed with iodine in alkaline solution,
(iii) forms a silver mirror when warmed with Tollens’ reagent,
(iv) exhibits E-Z isomerism. Total marks =4marks
(II) Consider the following reaction scheme and answer the questions below.

H 2 (g)/Pt catalyst NaOH(aq)

CH 3 CH 2 NH 2 CH 3 CN C
F A

HCl(aq) (CH3 CO) 2 O

E
B CH 3 COCl
D

(b) The reaction of compound C with D produces compound E.

(i) Draw the graphical structure of E. (1mark)

(ii) State the compound type to which E belongs. (1mark)

(c) Compound F may be prepared by the reaction of A with hydrogen gas in the
presence of a platinum catalyst.

(i) Give the name of F. (1mark)

(ii) Suggest the type of reaction involved in the conversion of A into F. (1mark)

(d) Compounds D and F react readily together. Write an equation for the reaction
between them. (2marks)
(Total 6marks)

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17. A four-step synthesis of compound T is shown.

(a) Give the reagent and conditions for Step 1. State how you could obtain a sample of
the alcohol from the reaction mixture formed in Step 1. (3 marks)

(b) Draw the structure of compound S. For each of Steps 3 and 4, give a reagent and one
condition, other than heat. (7marks)

18. Consider the sequence of reactions below.

H H
Reaction 1 Reaction 2
CH3 CH 2 CHO CH 3 CH 2 C CN CH 3 CH 2 C COOH
HCN
OH OH
P Q R

(a) Name and outline a mechanism for Reaction 1. (4.5marks)

Name compound Q (0.5marks)

(b) The molecular formula of Q is C4 H 7 NO . Draw the structure of the isomer of Q which
shows geometrical isomerism and is formed by the reaction of ammonia with an
acyl chloride. (2marks)

Page 9 of 11
 (c) Draw the structure of the main organic product formed in each case when R
reacts separately with the following substances:

(i) methanol in the presence of a few drops of concentrated sulphuric acid; (1mark)

(ii) Acidified potassium dichromate(VI); (1mark)

(d) Concentrated sulphuric acid in an elimination reaction. (1mark)

19. The principle source of the odour in sweat is the organic acid HA, it will decolourise
bromine water immediately, and it shows geometric isomerism. a HA can be made
by the following sequence of reactions: C7H12O2

(i) Give the reagents and conditions for the oxidation of 2-methylpentan-1-ol to
B (3marks)
(ii) State the conditions and write the mechanism for the reaction of HCN with B to
give C. (4marks)

(iii) Give the equation for the hydrolysis of C to D, and hence draw the structural
formula of D. (2marks)

(iv) Draw the structure of HA. (1mark)

20. (a) Lactic acid is a naturally-occurring compound that shows optical activity. Lactic
acid can be prepared from ethanal in the laboratory in a two stage process.

(a) Draw the displayed formula of the organic compound formed when lactic acid
reacts with
(i) acidified potassium dichromate. (1mark)

Page 10 of 11
 (b) Lactic acid can be formed directly from compound H.

(i) Give the systematic name for compound H. (1mark)

(ii) State the reagent needed to convert H into lactic acid. (1Mark)
(iii) Explain why compound H has a much higher melting temperature than lactic acid.
(2Marks)
(c) A good way of making synthetic amino acids uses chloro-acids as intermediate

Cl2 + Trace P NH3 (excess)

CH3CH2CO2H CH3CHClCO 2H CH3CH(NH2)CO2H
I II Alanine

(i) Suggest the role that the trace of phosphorus plays in reaction I. (1mark)
(ii) Write a fully balanced equation for reaction I. (1mark)
(iii) State the type of mechanism of reaction II (1mark)
(iv) When 10.0 g of propanoic acid was used in this 2-stage synthesis, a yield of 9.5 g
of alanine was obtained. Calculate the overall percentage yield. (2mars)

End

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