#8953

WHAT’S INSIDE YOUR BODY?

HEART & BLOOD/
DIGESTION &
RESPIRATION
Grade Levels: 2-7
19 minutes
SVE & CHURCHILL MEDIA 1999
3 Instructional Graphics Enclosed

DESCRIPTION
Can you name the parts of your circulatory system? What are the functions of blood?
What is respiration? Do you know where and how air is exchanged? How many organs
make up the digestive system? How does your body change food to fuel? Do you
know what part of you is 16'-19' long? Lori and her young friends discuss the heart,
blood, makeup of the lungs, and the complex digestive system.

ACADEMIC STANDARDS
Subject Area: Life Sciences
! Standard: Understands the structure and function of
cells and organisms
• Benchmark: Knows that multicellular organisms have
a variety of specialized cells, tissues, organs, and
organ systems that perform specialized functions
(e.g., digestion, respiration, reproduction, circulation,
excretion, movement, control and coordination, protection from disease)
• Benchmark: Knows that the behavior of individual organisms is influenced by
internal cues (e.g., hunger) and external cues (e.g., changes in the
environment), and that humans and other organisms have senses that help
them to detect these cues

INSTRUCTIONAL GOALS
1. To describe the importance of the heart, blood, and blood vessels in keeping the
body running.
2. To define the three main kinds of cells found in blood and describe their functions.
3. To identify the four chambers of the heart and explain how blood is carried from the
heart to the body and back again.

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 4. To describe the process of respiration and differentiate between the upper and
lower sections of the respiratory system.
5. To distinguish between internal and external respiration.
6. To identify the organs of the gastrointestinal tract and other important structures in
the digestive system.
7. To follow the process of digestion from the mouth to rectum.
8. To describe the functions of organs in the circulatory, respiratory, and digestive
systems and explain how they are related.

VOCABULARY
1. abdomen 34. larynx
2. alveoli 35. liver
3. aorta 36. lungs
4. arteries 37. micelles
5. atria 38. microbes
6. bile 39. microvilli
7. blood 40. mouth
8. blood vessels 41. mucosal folds
9. breathe 42. nose
10. bronchi 43. oxygen
11. bronchioles 44. pancreas
12. capillaries 45. peristalsis
13. carbon dioxide 46. pharynx
14. cell 47. plasma
15. chamber 48. platelets
16. circulatory system 49. pulmonary
17. clot 50. pulmonary arteries
18. diaphragm 51. red blood cells
19. digestive system 52. respiration
20. digestive tract 53. respiratory system
21. duodenum 54. rib cage
22. energy 55. salivary glands
23. enzymes 56. small intestine
24. esophagus 57. spleen
25. external respiration 58. stomach
26. gallbladder 59. teeth
27. gastric juice 60. tissue
28. gastrointestinal tract 61. trachea
29. heart 62. veins
30. hydrochloric acid 63. ventricles
31. internal respiration 64. villi
32. involuntary action 65. white blood cells
33. large intestine 66. windpipe

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BEFORE SHOWING
1. Inform students that they will be watching a video on three
important systems in their bodies: the circulatory,
respiratory, and digestive systems. What does each system
do? What organs does it include? Encourage a brief
discussion on the body’s systems.
2. Have the students every heard their heartbeat or stomach
growl? Where in their body do they hear these sounds?
Why do they happen? Why does their chest move when
they breathe? Why do they breathe faster when they
exercise?
3. Write the names of the three systems at the top of the blackboard horizontally. As
the students watch the video, encourage them to list the organs mentioned
underneath each system.

AFTER SHOWING
Discussion Items and Questions
1. To what does Lori compare the circulatory system in the
beginning of the video? How is the circulatory system similar
to a transportation system? What is blood? What are the
different types of cells found in the blood? What job do red blood cells
perform? White blood cells? Platelets? What happens when blood clots? Why is
clotting important? What are some of the functions of blood?
2. What is the most important organ of the circulatory system? How many times a
minute does the heart beat? How many gallons of blood does it pump during a
day? Obtain a picture of a heart or use a still image from the video to help students
identify each of its parts. How is the heart divided? What are the upper chambers
called? What are the lower chambers called?
3. What does the right side (or pulmonary side) of the heart do? What happens on the
left side of the heart? What happens to the oxygen-poor blood in the tissues? How
does blood travel throughout the body? What are the three types of blood vessels?
What does Jesse suggest is an easy way to remember which way blood flows in
veins and arteries? What are capillaries?
4. What is the purpose of respiration? Why do we need oxygen? What is the upper
respiratory system? What is the lower part? What is external respiration? What is
internal respiration?
5. Why is it better to breathe in through the nose than the mouth? Where does the air
go after it enters the body from the nose or mouth? What happens to the oxygen in
the lungs? What happens to the oxygen in the cells? What are bronchioles? What
is the diaphragm? Why is the rib cage important? What is an involuntary action?
6. How do our bodies get energy to move around and think? What is the digestive or
gastrointestinal tract?
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 7. What is the first part of digestion? How does saliva aid in digestion? What happens
when the food is swallowed? What is peristalsis? Where does the food go from the
esophagus? How else is food broken down in the stomach?
8. Where does the food go after it leaves the stomach? What is the purpose of the
small intestine? How long is the small intestine? How does the small intestine
absorb vitamins and minerals from food? How much can the small intestine absorb
per day? How do the folds and villi enable the small intestine to absorb so much?
9. What organ supplies enzymes to the small intestine? What role does the liver play
in digestion? What is the role of the gallbladder?
10. Where does the last stage of digestion occur? How long is the large intestine? How
does the large intestine dry out the last bits of indigestible food residue? Why is it
important to eat healthy, nutritious foods?

Applications and Activities

1. Divide the class into three groups (one for each
system outlined in the video) and assign each
person in the group an organ that is a part of that
system. Have them research their organ. Then
have each group give an oral presentation that
describes the function of each organ in that
particular system. Be sure they answer the
following questions: What is this organ’s main
function? How does it work with other organs in
this system? How does it contribute to the system’s function as a whole? Does this
organ serve any function to other systems in the body? How?
2. Name the parts of the digestive system. (See INSTRUCTIONAL GRAPHICS.)
3. Complete the respiratory system worksheet. (See INSTRUCTIONAL GRAPHICS.)

SUMMARY
Join host Lori Laboratory and her two young lab assistants in their exploration of the
body’s main systems: the digestive, respiratory, circulatory, nervous, skeletal, and
muscle systems.
Lori and her assistants show how blood travels to and from the heart and explain
the functions of its three types of cells. Students will also learn about the important job
of the respiratory system and the makeup of the lungs and other respiratory organs.
Discover the ins and outs of the digestive system, thoroughly examining the function of
each organ and discussing the complex passage of food through the body.

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RELATED RESOURCES

Captioned Media Program

• The Digestive System #3454

• Food and Growth #2174
• The Respiratory System #3508

World Wide Web

The following Web sites complement the contents of this guide; they
were selected by professionals who have experience in teaching deaf and
hard of hearing students. Every effort was made to select accurate,
educationally relevant, and “kid-safe” sites. However, teachers should
preview them before use. The U.S. Department of Education, the
National Association of the Deaf, and the Captioned Media Program do
not endorse the sites and are not responsible for their content.

• YOUR GROSS AND COOL BODY

[Link]
Includes an explanation of the digestive system and the circulatory, respiratory and
other systems.

• TOUR OF THE HUMAN BODY

[Link]
From the ThinkQuest Junior site, explore the control system of the human body which
includes the digestive, respiratory, and circulatory systems.

INSTRUCTIONAL GRAPHICS
• The Digestive System
• The Respiratory System
• Answer Sheet

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Funding for the Captioned Media Program is provided by the U. S. Department of Education
 #8953 WHAT’S INSIDE YOUR BODY? HEART & BLOOD/DIGESTION & RESPIRATION
Captioned Media Program

Name: _______________ Date: ___________

1

The Digestive System 2

Directions: Use the clues to identify some of the 8
3
parts of the digestive system. Choose from the
words below.
7 4
esophagus mouth 5
gallbladder pancreas 6
large intestine small intestine
liver stomach

1. This is where food enters the body and saliva add enzymes to help break it down.
_________________________________________________________________
2. This organ is responsible for pushing food down to the stomach through wave-
like contractions called peristalsis.
_________________________________________________________________
3. Muscles in this organ pound on food to compact it and gastric juices break down
protein and kill germs.
_________________________________________________________________
4. This organ releases two important substances into the small intestine that aid in
the digestion and absorption of food.
_________________________________________________________________
5. About five feet long, this organ removes all undigested food residues, bacteria,
and mucus by releasing them as waste.
_________________________________________________________________
6. It is in this organ that nearly all food absorption occurs. It has mucosal folds and
little hairs called villi that aid in absorption of liquid.
_________________________________________________________________
7. This organ produces the yellow-green substances called bile that breaks down
large molecules of fat so they can be better absorbed by the body.
_________________________________________________________________
8. This is a small, green sac embedded under the surface of the liver in which bile
becomes concentrated by the removal of water.
_________________________________________________________________

6
Captioned Media Program
VOICE 800-237-6213 – TTY 800-237-6819 – FAX 800-538-5636 – WEB [Link]
Funding for the Captioned Media Program is provided by the U. S. Department of Education
 #8953 WHAT’S INSIDE YOUR BODY? HEART & BLOOD/DIGESTION & RESPIRATION
Captioned Media Program

Name: _______________ Date: ___________

The Respiratory System 2 1

Directions: Use the clues to identify some of the parts 3 3

of the respiratory system, choosing from the word box.
Then answer the true/false questions below by circling
T or F.

bronchi nose
bronchioles trachea
4

1. This is where air comes into the body and dirt and
fibers are trapped by tiny hairs.
_________________________________________________________________
2. This is the tube descending from the larynx to the bronchi that carries air to the
lungs; it is also called the windpipe.
_________________________________________________________________
3. These two tubes each lead to a separate lung.
_________________________________________________________________
4. These further divisions of the breathing tube end in small, air-filled sacs called
alveoli.
_________________________________________________________________

Respiration Facts
T F 1. The main purpose for respiration is to supply the body’s cells with
carbon dioxide and to remove oxygen from the body.

T F 2. The diaphragm is the muscle that the lungs rest on.

T F 3. Breathing is a voluntary action, like the beating of the heart.

T F 4. External respiration is the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide

inside the body.

T F 5. The rib cage helps protect the lungs because they are very delicate.

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Funding for the Captioned Media Program is provided by the U. S. Department of Education
 #8953 WHAT’S INSIDE YOUR BODY? HEART & BLOOD/DIGESTION & RESPIRATION
Captioned Media Program

ANSWERS
The Digestive System
1. This is where food enters the body and saliva adds enzymes to help break it
down. MOUTH
2. This organ is responsible for pushing food down to the stomach through wave-
like contractions called peristalsis. ESOPHAGUS
3. Muscles in this organ pound on food to compact it and gastric juices break down
protein and kill germs. STOMACH
4. This organ releases two important substances into the small intestine that aid in
the digestion and absorption of food. PANCREAS
5. About five feet long, this organ removes all undigested food residues, bacteria,
and mucus by releasing them as waste. LARGE INTESTINE
6. It is in this organ that nearly all food absorption occurs. It has mucosal folds and
little hairs called villi that aid in absorption of liquid. SMALL INTESTINE
7. This organ produces the yellow-green substances called bile that breaks down
large molecules of fat so they can be better absorbed by the body. LIVER
8. This is a small, green sac embedded under the surface of the liver in which bile
becomes concentrated by the removal of water. GALLBLADDER

The Respiratory System

1. This is where air comes into the body and dirt and fibers are trapped by tiny
hairs. NOSE
2. This is the tube descending from the larynx to the bronchi that carries air to the
lungs; it is also called the windpipe. TRACHEA
3. These two tubes each lead to a separate lung. BRONCHI
4. These further divisions of the breathing tube end in small, air-filled sacs called
alveoli. BRONCHIOLES

Respiration Facts
1. The main purpose for respiration is to supply the body’s cells with carbon dioxide
and to remove oxygen from the body. FALSE
2. The diaphragm is the muscle that the lungs rest on. TRUE
3. Breathing is a voluntary action, like the beating of the heart. FALSE
4. External respiration is the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide inside the
body. FALSE
5. The rib cage helps protect the lungs because they are very delicate. TRUE

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Captioned Media Program
VOICE 800-237-6213 – TTY 800-237-6819 – FAX 800-538-5636 – WEB [Link]
Funding for the Captioned Media Program is provided by the U. S. Department of Education