PROJECT
MANAGEMENT
BILT4
Unit one| Introduction
Defining a project and management
Consider the two product bellow
The classroom you are sitting in?
The desk or chair you are sitting on?
What could be the size of materials used in the two
product?
Which product required
More resources
More time
More expertise
Did the one producing the products new the time of
completion? How
Which of the products is similar to Malaria vaccine,
Atrazaneca, pyramid, silk Road,
Project
(PMI) defines a project as a temporary endeavor
undertaken to create a unique product, service, or
result.
OR
A unique set of co-ordinated activities, with definite
starting and finishing points, undertaken by an
individual or organization to meet specific objectives
within defined schedule, cost and performance
parameters.
A project…………
Has a definite beginning and end.
Has An outcome outputs and artifacts,
Has a value or benefit
Project management refers to…
The application of knowledge, skills, tools, and
techniques to project activities to meet project
requirements.
The person assigned by the performing
organization to lead the project team that is
responsible for achieving the project objectives is
the Project manager.
Definition of other terms
Portfolio. Projects, programs, subsidiary portfolios, and operations
managed as a group to achieve strategic objectives.
Product. An artifact that is produced, is quantifiable, and can be either an
end item in itself or a component item.
Project team. A set of individuals performing the work of the project to
achieve its objectives.
System for value delivery. A collection of strategic business activities
aimed at building, sustaining, and/or advancing an organization.
Value. The worth, importance, or usefulness of something
The Project Life Cycle
Projects characteristics
Projects are unique.
Projects are temporary in nature and have a definite
beginning and ending date.
Projects are completed when the project goals are achieved
or it’s determined the project is no longer viable.
An established objective.
A defined life span with a beginning and an end.
Usually, the involvement of several departments and
professionals.
Specific time, cost, and performance requirements
Program vs a project
A program is a group of related projects designed to
accomplish a common goal over an extended period of
time.
It consist of related projects, subsidiary programs, and
program activities that are managed in a coordinated
manner to obtain benefits not available from managing
them individually
Each project within a program has a project manager.
They differ in terms of scale and time span.
Program management is the process of managing a group
of ongoing, inter- dependent, related projects in a
coordinated way to achieve strategic objectives
PROJECT MAIN OBJECTIVES
TIME SCOPE COST
Project management environment
Stakeholders (all interested parties)
Client/ sponsor's requirements
Your own company's organization structure
Market requirements
Competitors
New technology
Rules and regulations (Health and safety)
Politics (both internal and external)
Economic cycle.
The role of project manager
Ability to select and develop an operational team from a standing start
Leadership and management ability
Ability to anticipate problems, solve problems and make decisions
Ability to integrate the project stakeholders Operational flexibility
Ability to plan, expedite and get things done
Ability to negotiate and persuade
Understand the environment within which the project is being managed
Ability to review monitor and apply control
Ability to administer the contract, the scope of work and scope changes
Ability to manage within an environment of constant change
Ability to keep the client happy.
Triple constraints
Projects constraints
Cost
Time Scope
Resources Quality
Risk
The Steps in Managing a Project
• Integration
• Scope Management
• Time Management
• Cost Management
Project • Quality Management
• Human Resource Management
management • Communications Management
Knowledge • Risk Management
• Procurement Management:
areas
Time
Cost
Deliverables
scope
Quality
Body of knowledge
Integration
Human resources
Means of achieving
Communication
deliverables
Risk
Procurement and
contract
Project management skills
Planning
Communication
Delivering results
Monitoring risks
Managing resources
History of Project Management
Early methodologies not well-documented, but
results still stand: the pyramids, Stonehenge,
mass human migrations
Late 19th century
Construction of intercontinental railroad, other
large projects
Early 20th Century
Frederick Taylor created Scientific
Management of industrial processes
Henry Gantt developed a bar-chart approach
to illustrating timing of project tasks and
History of Project Management
(continued)
Mid-20th century
CPM and PERT methodologies identified the
importance of task sequences, task dependencies
and the concept of the critical path.
Project management as a profession
Project Management Institute (PMI) was founded
Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK) was
created
History of Project Management
(continued)
Today
Increasing recognition of project management as a
specialized set of skills applicable to many different
industries
Project Management certifications: PMP, CAPM,
specializations
PMBOK is in its 5th edition
Variations on methodologies:
phased (waterfall approach)
Agile methods
The importance of integrating projects into portfolios and
programs
DRIVIVING FORCES FOR
RECOGNITION OF PM
Capital projects
Customer expectations
Competitiveness
Executive understanding
New project development
Efficiency and effectiveness
The need for business growth
Summary
Project management has existed as long as humans
have worked together to achieve goals
Project management skills are useful in all careers
Project management takes place in all industries
Project management tools and methodologies have
evolved over the past century and a half:
Scientific management
Gantt chart
Pert/CPM network diagrams
There are associations of professional project
managers that set standards for the practice of project
management
PMI’s Project Management Body of Knowledge or
PMBOK, currently in its fifth edition.
