2.
9 MIXTURES
Introducing mixtures
• Eg: salt and water / stones and rice / sand and stones
• Substances are not joined to each other
Different mixtures
• Mixtures can contain elements, compounds or both
• Eg: 2 sorts of nails – iron and copper (keep them in a jar). Iron and copper are both
elements. Jar contains a mixture of elements
• Eg: ingredients in toothpaste are all compounds. Contains a mixture of compounds
Air – an important mixture
• Air is a mixture of substances:
i. Elements: nitrogen (N2), oxygen (O2) and argon (Ar)
ii. Compounds: carbon dioxide (CO2)
How are elements, mixtures and compounds different?
• Eg: 7 g of iron powder and 4 g of sulfur powder. Iron is an element – made up of one
type of atom, cannot be split into anything simpler. Sulfur is also element – made up of
one type of atom, atoms are different from iron atoms.
• Mix the iron and sulfur powder – can see the individual elements (separate them with
magnet) – elements have not joined together. The properties are similar to those of
the elements in it
• Mix iron and sulfur powder and heat it. Two elements join together – compound (iron
sulfide). Cannot get the iron out of the compound with a magnet. The compound looks
different from the elements it is made from and its properties are different from its
elements. Amounts of elements in a compound are important. Iron sulfide always
contains iron and sulfur in the ratio of 7:4 by mass
Compound Mixture
No of types of atoms More than 1, joined together More than 1
Can it be separated into Not easily – chemical reaction needed Yes
simpler substances?
Properties Different properties from its Same properties as substances in it
elements
Amounts Amounts of its elements are always in Amounts of substances can change
the same ratio
Prepared by : Yashavene Sin Lii
