Activity Sheet – 3
Control Flows
Objectives:
1. Understand and apply conditional statements (if, if-else, elif) in Python.
2. Use loops (for, while) to perform repeated tasks.
3. Solve basic decision-making and iterative problems using control flow constructs.
Reading:
1. Conditional Statements
o if – Executes a block if the condition is true.
o if-else – Provides an alternative when the condition is false.
o elif – Checks multiple conditions in sequence.
o Relational operators: ==, !=, <, >, <=, >=
o Logical operators: and, or, not
2. Looping Statements
o while loop – Executes a block while a condition remains true.
o for loop – Iterates over a sequence (range, list, string, etc.).
o break – Terminates the loop.
o continue – Skips the current iteration.
3. Indentation is critical – Python uses indentation to define code blocks inside control structures.
Illustrative Examples:
Example #1:
Problem Statement: Write a python program to check whether a year is a leap year or not.
Algorithm:
1. Start
2. Declare a variable year
3. Input the value of year from the user
4. Check if the year is divisible by 4.
→ If yes, then check if the year is also divisible by 100.
→ If yes, check if it is divisible by 400
o If yes → it is a leap year
o If no → it is not a leap year
o → If not divisible by 100 → it is a leap year
5. If the year is not divisible by 4, then it is not a leap year
6. Display the result
7. Stop
Flowchart:
Python Code:
year = int(input("Enter a year: "))
if (year % 4 == 0 and year % 100 != 0) or (year % 400 == 0):
print(year, "is a leap year.")
else:
print(year, "is not a leap year.")
Sample Input:
Enter a year: 2024
Sample Output:
2024 is a leap year.
Example #2:
Problem Statement: Write a python program to input a number n and print the sum of first n
natural numbers.
Algorithm:
1. Start
2. Declare a variable n to store the input number
3. Input value of n from the user
4. Initialize sum to 0
5. Set a counter variable i to 1
6. Repeat the following steps while i is less than or equal to n:
a. Add i to sum
b. Increment i by 1
7. After the loop ends, display the value of sum
8. Stop
Flowchart:
Python Code:
n = int(input("Enter a number: "))
total = 0
for i in range(1, n + 1):
total += i
print("Sum =", total)
Sample Input:
Enter a number: 10
Sample Output:
Sum = 55
Programming Questions
Exercise: 1
Difficulty: Easy
Question: Write a Python Programs that checks if a number is even or odd using if-else statement
Flowchart
Program
a=int(input("enter a number"))
if a%2==0:
print("even")
else:
print("odd")
Output:
Exercise: 2
Difficulty: Easy
Question: Using if elif else, write a program that categorizes a student’s grade based on this score:
A for 90 and above; B for 80 to 89; C for 70 to 79; D for 60 to 69 and F for below 60
Flowchart
Program
a=int(input("enter score"))
if a>90:
print("grade A")
elif a>80 and a<90:
print("grade B")
elif a>70 and 80>a:
print("grade C")
elif a>60 and 70>a:
print("grade D")
elif a<60:
print("grade F")
else:
print("enter valid score")
Output:
Exercise: 3
Difficulty: Easy
Question: Write a python script using a for loop that prints the numbers from One to Ten
Flowchart
Program
for num in range(1, 11):
print(num)
Output:
Exercise: 4
Difficulty: Easy
Question: Create a program that uses for loop to iterate through list of numbers and multiplies
each number by 2 and prints the results.
Flowchart
Program
for i in range(5):
a=int(input(“enter a number”))
print(a*2)
Output:
Exercise: 5
Difficulty: Easy
Question: Using a while loop, write a program that starts with a number 100 and decrements by 1
until it reaches 50.
Flowchart
Program
num = 100
while num >= 50:
print(num)
num -= 1
Output:
Exercise: 6
Difficulty: Easy
Question: Using a for loop and a continuous statement, print numbers from 1 to 30 but skip any
number that is a multiple of 5.
Flowchart
Program
for num in range(1, 31):
if num % 5 == 0:
continue
print(num)
Output:
Exercise: 7
Difficulty: Medium
Question: Write a program that uses multiple if statement to find the largest of three numbers.
Flowchart
Program
a = float(input("Enter first number: "))
b = float(input("Enter second number: "))
c = float(input("Enter third number: "))
largest = a
if b > largest:
largest = b
if c > largest:
largest = c
print("The largest number is:", largest)
Output:
Exercise: 8
Difficulty: Medium
Question: Write a python script that takes a temperature value as input and prints “It’s a hot day”
if the temperature is over 30 degrees, “It’s a nice day” if the temperature is between 20 and 30
degrees and “Its cold” if its below 20 degrees
Flowchart
Program
a=int(input("enter temperature in degrees celsius"))
if a>30:
print("it is a hot day")
elif a>20 and a<30:
print("it is a nice day")
elif a<20:
print("it is a cold day")
else:
pass
Output:
Exercise: 9
Difficulty: Medium
Question: Write a python program using a for loop that asks the user to input five numbers and
prints the sum of those numbers
Flowchart
Program
total = 0
for i in range(5):
num = int(input("Enter a number: "))
total += num
print("Sum of the numbers:", total)
Output:
Exercise: 10
Difficulty: Medium
Question: Write a Python program using a while loop that continuously requests numbers from
the user and stops if the user enters a negative number, using a break statement
Flowchart
Program
while True:
num = int(input("Enter a number: "))
if num < 0:
break
Output:
Exercise: 11
Difficulty: Medium
Question: From a given list of integers containing both positive and negative numbers, use a loop
with the break statement to print the first positive number.
Flowchart
Program
while True:
a=int(input(“enter an integer”))
if a>0:
print(a)
break
Output:
Exercise: 12
Difficulty: Hard
Question: Write the python code to check whether the number given is prime or composite.
Flowchart
Program
num = int(input("Enter a number: "))
if num <= 1:
print("Neither prime nor composite")
else:
for i in range(2, num):
if num % i == 0:
print("Composite")
break
else:
print("Prime")
Output:
Exercise: 13
Difficulty: Hard
Question: Write a python program using nested loops that prints a multiplication table for
numbers 1 through 10.
Flowchart
Program
print("Multiplication Table (1 to 10)\n")
for i in range(1, 11):
for j in range(1, 11):
print(i * j, end=" ")
print()
Output:
Exercise: 14
Difficulty: Medium
Question: Online Shopping Discount
An e-commerce site applies discounts based on purchase amount and membership:
If amount ≥ 5000 and membership = “Gold” → 20% discount
If amount ≥ 3000 and membership = “Silver” → 15% discount
If amount ≥ 2000 and no membership → 10% discount
Else → No discount
Program should take purchase amount + membership type and print final bill.
SAMPLE OUTPUT
Enter purchase amount (₹): 6000
Enter membership type (Gold/Silver/None): Gold
------ BILL SUMMARY ------
Purchase Amount : ₹6000.00
Membership Type : Gold
Discount Applied: 20%
Final Bill : ₹4800.00
Flowchart
Program
amount=float(input("Enter purchase amount (₹): "))
membership=input("Enter membership type (Gold/Silver/None): ")
if amount >= 5000 and membership=="Gold":
discount=20
elif amount >= 3000 and membership=="Silver":
discount=15
elif amount >= 2000 and membership=="no membership":
discount=10
else:
discount=0
bill=amount-(amount*discount/100)
print("------ BILL SUMMARY ------ ")
print("Purchase Amount : ₹",amount)
print("Membership Type : ",membership)
print("Discount Applied: {}%".format(discount))
print("Final Bill : ₹",bill)
Output
Exercise: 15
Difficulty: Medium
Question: Hospital Triage System
A hospital assigns patients to wards based on conditions:
If age > 60 and symptoms = “severe” → Emergency Ward
If age > 60 and symptoms = “mild” → General Ward
If age ≤ 60 and symptoms = “severe” → Special Observation Ward
Else → OPD Consultation
Input: patient’s age + severity. Output: assigned ward.
SAMPLE OUTPUT
Flowchart
Program
age=int(input("Enter patient's age: "))
symp=input("Enter symptom severity (severe/mild):")
print("------HOSPITAL TRIAGE RESULT------")
print("Age : ", age)
print("Symptoms : ", symp)
if age>60 and symp=='severe':
print("Assigned : Emergency Ward")
elif age>60 and symp=='mild':
print("Assigned : General Ward")
elif age<=60 and symp=='severe':
print("Assigned : Special Observation Ward")
else:
print('Assigned : OPD Consultation')
Output
Exercise: 15
Difficulty: Medium
Question: College Admission
Admission criteria:
If PCM average ≥ 90 → Eligible for Engineering + Scholarship
If PCM average 75–89 → Eligible for Engineering (self-finance)
If PCM average 60–74 → Eligible for Arts/Science only
If PCM average < 60 → Not eligible
Input: Physics, Chemistry, Math marks. Output: admission category.
SAMPLE OUTPUT
Flowchart
Program
p=float(input('Enter Physics marks :'))
c=float(input('Enter Chemistry marks :'))
m=float(input('Enter Mathematics marks :'))
pcm=p+c+m
pcm/=3
print('------COLLEGE ADMISSION RESULT------')
print('Physics :',p)
print('Chemistry :',c)
print('Maths :',m)
print('PCM Avg :',pcm)
if pcm>=90:
print('Category : Eligible for Engineering and Scholarship',)
elif pcm>74:
print('Category : Eligible for Engineering(self-finance))',)
elif pcm>59:
print('Category : Eligible for Arts/Science',)
elif pcm<60:
print('Category : Not Eligible',)
Output
Exercise: 16
Difficulty: Hard
Question: Airline Baggage Check
Rules:
If baggage ≤ 15 kg → Free
If 15 < baggage ≤ 30 → ₹500 charge
If baggage > 30 → Not allowed
Special case: If passenger is business class, extra 10 kg allowed free
Input: baggage weight + travel class. Output: baggage status.
SAMPLE OUTPUT
Flowchart
Program
p=float(input('Enter baggage weight (kg):'))
c=input('Enter travel class (Economy/Business) :')
print('------AIRLINE BAGGAGE RESULT------')
print('Travels Class:',c)
print('Baggage (kg) :',p)
if p<=15 or (c=='Business' and p<=25):
print('Status : Free')
elif p<=30 or (c=='Business' and p<=40):
print('Status : ₹500 charge')
elif p>30 or (c=='Business' and p>40):
print('Status : Not allowed ')
Output
Exercise: 17
Difficulty: Medium
Question: Banking Loan Eligibility
Loan approval depends on salary and credit score:
If salary ≥ 50,000 and credit score ≥ 750 → Loan Approved
If salary ≥ 30,000 and 650 ≤ credit score < 750 → Loan Approved with high interest
If salary < 30,000 or credit score < 650 → Loan Rejected
Input: salary, credit score. Output: loan decision.
SAMPLE OUTPUT
Flowchart
Program
p=int(input('Enter monthly salary ($):'))
c=int(input('Enter credit score:'))
print('------LOAN ELIGIBILITY RESULT------')
print('Salary :',p)
print('Credit Score :',c)
if salary >= 50,000 and credit score >= 750:
print('Decision : Loan Approved')
elif salary >= 30,000 and 650 <= credit score < 750:
print('Decision : Loan Approved with High Interest')
elif salary < 30,000 or credit score < 650:
print('Decision : Loan Rejected ')
Output
Exercise: 18
Difficulty: Hard
Question: Smart Home Thermostat
Smart AC decisions:
If temperature ≥ 35 and humidity ≥ 70 → AC ON (High Power)
If 28 ≤ temperature < 35 and humidity ≥ 50 → AC ON (Normal Power)
If temperature < 28 → AC OFF
Special case: If user sets “Eco Mode”, AC runs only when temperature ≥ 30
Input: temperature, humidity, eco mode (Yes/No). Output: AC status.
SAMPLE OUTPUT
Flowchart
Program
t=float(input("Enter temperature (°C): "))
h=float(input("Enter humidity (%):"))
e=input("Is Eco Mode ON? (Yes/No):")
print("------ SMART THERMOSTAT RESULT -------")
print("Temperature:",t)
print("Humidity:",h)
print("Eco Mode:",e)
if (t>=35 and h>=70) and (e=="Yes"and t>=30):
print("AC Status: AC ON(High Power)")
elif (28<=t<35 and h>=50) and (e=="Yes"and t>=30):
print("AC Status: AC ON(Normal Power)")
elif t<28:
print("AC Status: AC OFF")
Output
Exercise: 19
Difficulty: Medium
Question:
Positive Number Collector: Write a program that uses a while loop to collect numbers from the user
until they enter '0'. Use a continue statement to skip and not count any negative numbers, printing out the
sum of only positive numbers entered once the loop ends.
Flowchart
Program
total = 0
while True:
num = int(input("Enter a number (0 to stop): "))
if num == 0:
break
if num < 0:
continue
total += num
print("Sum of positive numbers:", total)
Output
Exercise: 20
Difficulty: Easy
Question:
Count to Ten: Write a Python script using a for loop that prints numbers from 1 to 10.
Flowchart
Program
for num in range(1, 11):
print(num)
Output
Assignment Evaluation:
0: Not Done [ ] 1: Incomplete [ ] 2: Late Complete [ ]
3: Needs Improvement [ ] 4: Complete [ ] 5: Well Done [ ]
Viva Questions
1. What is control flow in Python?
2. Explain the structure of an if-elif-else block with an example.
3. How does Python decide which block of code to execute in an if-else statement?
4. What is the difference between = and == in a condition?
5. What happens if you forget to indent inside an if block?
