Excel Interview Questions and Answers
What is VLOOKUP and how is it used?
VLOOKUP (Vertical Lookup) is a function used to search for a value in the first column of a range
and return a value in the same row from another column.
Syntax: =VLOOKUP(lookup_value, table_array, col_index_num, [range_lookup])
Example: =VLOOKUP(A2, B1:D10, 2, FALSE)
What is the difference between COUNT and COUNTA?
COUNT counts only the cells that contain numbers.
COUNTA counts all non-empty cells, including those with numbers, text, or dates.
What is a Pivot Table and how do you create one?
A Pivot Table is used to summarize and analyze data in Excel. To create one:
1. Select the data range.
2. Go to the Insert tab.
3. Click PivotTable.
4. Choose the location and click OK.
5. Drag and drop fields to Rows, Columns, Values, and Filters.
How do you apply conditional formatting in Excel?
To apply Conditional Formatting:
1. Select the range of cells.
2. Go to the Home tab.
3. Click on Conditional Formatting.
4. Choose a rule and specify the condition.
5. Choose the formatting and click OK.
What are Absolute, Relative, and Mixed references in Excel?
Relative Reference (e.g., A1): Changes when copied.
Absolute Reference (e.g., $A$1): Does not change when copied.
Mixed Reference (e.g., $A1 or A$1): One part is fixed, the other is relative.
How do you remove duplicates in Excel?
To remove duplicates:
1. Select the data range.
2. Go to the Data tab.
3. Click Remove Duplicates.
4. Choose the columns and click OK.
What is the IF function and how is it used?
The IF function checks whether a condition is true or false and returns one value for true and
another for false.
Syntax: =IF(logical_test, value_if_true, value_if_false)
Example: =IF(A2 > 50, "Pass", "Fail")
What is CONCATENATE (or CONCAT) used for in Excel?
The CONCATENATE function (or CONCAT in newer versions) is used to combine two or more text
strings into one.
Syntax: =CONCATENATE(text1, text2, ...)
Example: =CONCATENATE(A1, " ", B1)
How do you protect a worksheet or workbook in Excel?
To protect a worksheet:
1. Go to the Review tab.
2. Click Protect Sheet.
3. Enter a password (optional) and select actions users can perform.
To protect a workbook:
1. Go to the File tab.
2. Click Protect Workbook.
What is the difference between LEFT, RIGHT, and MID functions?
LEFT: Extracts characters from the beginning of a text string.
RIGHT: Extracts characters from the end of a text string.
MID: Extracts characters from the middle of a text string.