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01 - Measurement and Precision Instruments

The document outlines various measurement instruments including rulers, tape measures, Vernier calipers, and micrometers, detailing their uses and precision levels. It explains how to measure accurately with Vernier calipers and micrometers, providing step-by-step instructions for each. Additionally, it includes exercises for calculating dimensions using these tools.

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Clara
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30 views3 pages

01 - Measurement and Precision Instruments

The document outlines various measurement instruments including rulers, tape measures, Vernier calipers, and micrometers, detailing their uses and precision levels. It explains how to measure accurately with Vernier calipers and micrometers, providing step-by-step instructions for each. Additionally, it includes exercises for calculating dimensions using these tools.

Uploaded by

Clara
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

1.

MEASUREMENT AND PRECISION INSTRUMENTS

The most common tools for measuring length are:

• Ruler: It can be used to measure or make marks on paper with millimetric precision.

• Tape measure: It is flexible and can adapt to curves. It is used to measure the contours and outer edges of
curved objects.

Carpenter’s ruler: It is convenient for measuring pieces of wood because it can be folded and unfolded as
necessary.

Self-retracting tape measure: It can be used to measure distances up to 30 m. The most common ones are
rigid and metallic, measuring between 2 m and 5 m.

These instruments have a similar degree of precision, in mm. We must use other tools to make more precise
measurements.

VERNIER CALIPER: is composed of a fixed ruler (in mm) and a nonius, or sliding scale. The nonius has
millimetric subdivisions: the more subdivisions there are, the more precise the measurement will be.

To measure with a Vernier caliper:

1) Determine the accuracy of the caliper: Number of divisions= 10x5 = 50  accuracy = 0,02

2) We read the measurement (in mm) on the fixed rule  13 mm

3) We read the decimal measurement on the nonius. To do that, we look for a point on the nonius that
matches another point on the fixed ruler and we count the divisions  21

1 UD4: TECHNICAL DRAWINGS [Link]@[Link]


The dimension measured using the Vernier caliper is:

Measurement on the fixed rule+ accuracy x number of divisions= 13 + 0,02 x 21 = 13,42 mm

MICROMETER: With each turn of the micrometer, it normally advances by one millimetre. When the ends are
touching, the micrometer shows a measurement of zero. As the ends separate, the measurement of the space
between them is shown on the graduated cylinder.

A micrometer also has a


graduated cylinder that marks
fractions of turns. This cylinder
usually has 50 divisions. Since
each complete turn equals half a
millimetre, each one of the
divisions on the cylinder equals
0,5 mm / 50 = 0,01 mm.

To measure with a micrometer:

1. Read the ruler, which has a precision of half a millimetre. This gives us a measurement, such as 5,5 mm

2. Read the tenths of a millimetre marked by the drum  28 (28 divisions x 0,01 = 0,28 mm)

3. Add both measurements 


5,5 + 0,28 = 5,78 mm

2 UD4: TECHNICAL DRAWINGS [Link]@[Link]


Exercise 1: Calculate the dimensions measured by the following Vernier calipers:

……

Exercise 2: Calculate the dimensions measured by the following micrometers:

3 UD4: TECHNICAL DRAWINGS [Link]@[Link]

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