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Maths Formula Sheet

This document is a quick revision sheet for a Maths exam covering key concepts in various topics such as Real Numbers, Polynomials, Linear Equations, Arithmetic Progressions, Triangles, and Coordinate Geometry. It includes important formulas, theorems, and methods for solving problems in these areas. The content is structured to aid in quick reference and revision for students preparing for their exams.

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33 views1 page

Maths Formula Sheet

This document is a quick revision sheet for a Maths exam covering key concepts in various topics such as Real Numbers, Polynomials, Linear Equations, Arithmetic Progressions, Triangles, and Coordinate Geometry. It includes important formulas, theorems, and methods for solving problems in these areas. The content is structured to aid in quick reference and revision for students preparing for their exams.

Uploaded by

r46736337
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

■ Quick Formula & Revision Sheet (Maths Exam)

■ Real Numbers
• Euclid’s Division Lemma: For any integers a, b (a > b > 0), ∃q, r such that a = bq + r, 0 ≤ r < b.
• Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic: Every integer >1 can be expressed uniquely as a product of
primes.
• HCF × LCM = Product of numbers.

■ Polynomials
• If α, β are zeros of ax² + bx + c, then:
• Sum of zeros = -b/a
• Product of zeros = c/a
• Division algorithm: Dividend = Divisor × Quotient + Remainder.

■ Pair of Linear Equations


• General form: ax + by + c = 0.
• Methods: Substitution, Elimination, Cross Multiplication.
• Consistency:
• (i) Unique solution: a1/a2 ≠ b1/b2
• (ii) No solution: a1/a2 = b1/b2 ≠ c1/c2
• (iii) Infinite solutions: a1/a2 = b1/b2 = c1/c2

■ Arithmetic Progressions (AP)


• nth term: an = a + (n-1)d
• Sum of n terms: Sn = n/2 [2a + (n-1)d]
• Word problems often involve wages, savings, seats, etc.

■ Triangles
• Similarity criteria: AA, SSS, SAS.
• Pythagoras Theorem: In right ∆ABC, (Hypotenuse)² = (Base)² + (Height)².
• Areas of similar triangles ∝ (sides)².

■ Coordinate Geometry
• Distance formula: d = √((x2 - x1)² + (y2 - y1)²)
• Midpoint: M = ((x1 + x2)/2 , (y1 + y2)/2)
• Section formula: (mx2 + nx1)/(m+n), (my2 + ny1)/(m+n)
• Area of ∆ABC = 1/2 | x1(y2 - y3) + x2(y3 - y1) + x3(y1 - y2) |

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