📘 LIGHT
Covering:
1. Reflection (Laws, Plane & Spherical Mirrors)
2. Refraction (Laws, Lenses: Convex & Concave)
3. Dispersion of Light
4. Human Eye and Its Defects
5. Scattering of Light
🔹 Reflection of Light (1–15)
1. The bouncing back of light from a surface is called:
A. Refraction
B. Reflection
C. Dispersion
D. Scattering
✅ Answer: B
2. Which type of mirror forms always virtual, erect, and same size image?
A. Plane
B. Concave
C. Convex
D. None
✅ Answer: A
3. Laws of reflection hold true for:
A. Plane mirrors only
B. Spherical mirrors only
C. All types of mirrors
D. Only lenses
✅ Answer: C
4. In reflection, the angle of incidence is equal to:
A. 90°
B. 0°
C. Angle of reflection
D. Refracted angle
✅ Answer: C
5. The normal is always:
A. Perpendicular to surface
B. Parallel to mirror
C. Curved line
D. Along the ray
✅ Answer: A
6. Image formed by plane mirror is:
A. Real and inverted
B. Virtual and erect
C. Enlarged
D. Smaller than object
✅ Answer: B
7. Which mirror is used by dentists?
A. Plane
B. Convex
C. Concave
D. None
✅ Answer: C
8. A concave mirror forms a real image only when object is placed:
A. Behind the mirror
B. Between F and mirror
C. Beyond focus
D. At the pole
✅ Answer: C
9. Convex mirror always gives:
A. Real image
B. Inverted image
C. Virtual, diminished image
D. Enlarged image
✅ Answer: C
10. Focal length of a plane mirror is:
A. 0
B. Infinity
C. Negative
D. 1
✅ Answer: B
11. In spherical mirrors, the distance between pole and focus is:
A. Radius
B. Half of radius
C. Twice the radius
D. Infinity
✅ Answer: B
12. Which mirror is used in rear-view mirrors in vehicles?
A. Concave
B. Plane
C. Convex
D. Parabolic
✅ Answer: C
13. If image is formed on a screen, it is:
A. Virtual
B. Real
C. Imaginary
D. Erect
✅ Answer: B
14. Mirrors obey the formula:
A. 1v+1u=1f\frac{1}{v} + \frac{1}{u} = \frac{1}{f}
B. v=u+fv = u + f
C. u+v=fu + v = f
D. uv=fuv = f
✅ Answer: A
15. Magnification by a mirror is defined as:
A. h/u
B. v/f
C. h’/h
D. v/u
✅ Answer: D
🔹 Refraction of Light & Lenses (16–30)
16. Bending of light when it passes from one medium to another is called:
A. Reflection
B. Scattering
C. Refraction
D. Diffusion
✅ Answer: C
17. Refraction occurs due to change in:
A. Mass
B. Density
C. Speed of light
D. Temperature
✅ Answer: C
18. Which law states that sinisinr=constant\frac{\sin i}{\sin r} = \text{constant}?
A. Hooke’s law
B. Snell’s law
C. Newton’s law
D. Joule’s law
✅ Answer: B
19. In refraction, incident ray, refracted ray, and normal lie in:
A. Two planes
B. Three directions
C. Same plane
D. Opposite directions
✅ Answer: C
20. Speed of light is maximum in:
A. Glass
B. Air
C. Vacuum
D. Water
✅ Answer: C
21. If light moves from denser to rarer medium, it bends:
A. Toward normal
B. Away from normal
C. Perpendicular
D. Not at all
✅ Answer: B
22. Convex lens is also known as:
A. Diverging lens
B. Converging lens
C. Reflecting lens
D. Negative lens
✅ Answer: B
23. Which lens can form real and inverted images?
A. Plane
B. Concave
C. Convex
D. None
✅ Answer: C
24. Concave lens always forms:
A. Real and erect image
B. Virtual and enlarged
C. Virtual, erect, and diminished
D. Inverted image
✅ Answer: C
25. Power of a lens is measured in:
A. Dioptre
B. Watt
C. Joule
D. Ampere
✅ Answer: A
26. 1 dioptre = focal length of:
A. 100 cm
B. 1 cm
C. 1 m
D. 10 m
✅ Answer: C
27. Sign of focal length for convex lens:
A. +
B. –
C. 0
D. ∞
✅ Answer: A
28. Which lens is used to correct myopia?
A. Concave
B. Convex
C. Cylindrical
D. Bifocal
✅ Answer: A
29. Which lens is used in magnifying glass?
A. Concave
B. Convex
C. Plane
D. Cylindrical
✅ Answer: B
30. Image formation by lenses follows:
A. Snell’s Law
B. Mirror Formula
C. Lens formula: 1v−1u=1f\frac{1}{v} - \frac{1}{u} = \frac{1}{f}
D. Ohm’s Law
✅ Answer: C
🔹 Dispersion, Scattering & Human Eye (31–50)
31. Splitting of white light into 7 colors is called:
A. Reflection
B. Refraction
C. Dispersion
D. Diffusion
✅ Answer: C
32. Rainbow is an example of:
A. Reflection only
B. Refraction only
C. Dispersion
D. Interference
✅ Answer: C
33. In visible spectrum, the color of shortest wavelength is:
A. Red
B. Violet
C. Blue
D. Yellow
✅ Answer: B
34. Color of longest wavelength is:
A. Violet
B. Blue
C. Green
D. Red
✅ Answer: D
35. Why does the sky appear blue?
A. Reflection
B. Refraction
C. Scattering
D. Diffraction
✅ Answer: C
36. Scattering is more for which wavelength?
A. Longer
B. Shorter
C. Equal
D. All same
✅ Answer: B
🧠 Trick: Violet scatters more than red
37. Which part of the eye controls the size of the pupil?
A. Retina
B. Iris
C. Cornea
D. Lens
✅ Answer: B
38. Image is formed on which part of eye?
A. Cornea
B. Iris
C. Retina
D. Pupil
✅ Answer: C
39. Ciliary muscles help in:
A. Image formation
B. Controlling pupil
C. Adjusting focal length
D. None
✅ Answer: C
40. Defect where distant objects are not seen clearly:
A. Myopia
B. Hypermetropia
C. Cataract
D. Astigmatism
✅ Answer: A
41. Hypermetropia is corrected by:
A. Concave lens
B. Cylindrical lens
C. Convex lens
D. Bifocal lens
✅ Answer: C
42. Cataract affects:
A. Lens
B. Retina
C. Iris
D. Pupil
✅ Answer: A
43. Blind spot has no:
A. Cones
B. Rods
C. Image formation
D. All of these
✅ Answer: D
44. Twinkling of stars is due to:
A. Reflection
B. Refraction
C. Dispersion
D. Scattering
✅ Answer: B
45. Why sun appears reddish at sunrise/sunset?
A. Reflection
B. Refraction
C. Scattering
D. Diffusion
✅ Answer: C
46. The part of eye that refracts maximum light:
A. Iris
B. Cornea
C. Lens
D. Retina
✅ Answer: B
47. Persistence of vision is:
A. 1/16th of a second
B. 1 second
C. 1 minute
D. 1/60 second
✅ Answer: A
48. Which rays cause maximum scattering in the atmosphere?
A. Red
B. Yellow
C. Blue
D. Violet
✅ Answer: D
49. Which condition causes blurred vision due to loss of lens flexibility?
A. Myopia
B. Hypermetropia
C. Presbyopia
D. Cataract
✅ Answer: C
50. The lens in human eye is:
A. Concave
B. Convex
C. Cylindrical
D. Plane
✅ Answer: B
🔹 Reflection & Spherical Mirrors (51–65)
51. A real image formed by a mirror is always:
A. Upright
B. Enlarged
C. Inverted
D. Virtual
✅ Answer: C
52. Which mirror always forms diminished image regardless of object position?
A. Plane
B. Concave
C. Convex
D. Parabolic
✅ Answer: C
53. Focal length of a concave mirror is taken as:
A. Positive
B. Negative
C. Zero
D. Infinity
✅ Answer: B
🧠 Concave = converging → focus on left → negative
54. The radius of curvature (R) is equal to:
A. 2 × focal length
B. Focal length ÷ 2
C. Same as focal length
D. None
✅ Answer: A
55. If an object is placed at the center of curvature of a concave mirror, the image
formed is:
A. Virtual
B. Same size
C. Enlarged
D. Diminished
✅ Answer: B
56. Image of an object placed at infinity in a concave mirror is formed:
A. At focus
B. At pole
C. At infinity
D. At center of curvature
✅ Answer: A
57. The image formed by a convex mirror is always:
A. Real and inverted
B. Enlarged and virtual
C. Diminished and virtual
D. Same size and real
✅ Answer: C
58. Which of the following does not follow the laws of reflection?
A. Plane mirror
B. Convex mirror
C. Water surface
D. None (All follow)
✅ Answer: D
59. Concave mirrors are used in:
A. Solar cookers
B. Rear-view mirrors
C. Torch lights
D. Both A & C
✅ Answer: D
60. The point where light rays parallel to principal axis converge is:
A. Focus
B. Center of curvature
C. Pole
D. Radius
✅ Answer: A
61. A virtual image can never be formed on a:
A. Retina
B. Mirror
C. Screen
D. None
✅ Answer: C
🔹 Refraction & Lenses (66–80)
66. The lens used to correct hypermetropia is:
A. Convex
B. Concave
C. Plane
D. Bifocal
✅ Answer: A
67. A concave lens always forms image that is:
A. Real and inverted
B. Virtual, erect and diminished
C. Virtual, erect and enlarged
D. Real and enlarged
✅ Answer: B
68. Refraction of light occurs at:
A. Uniform medium
B. Vacuum
C. Interface of two media
D. Magnetic field
✅ Answer: C
69. Lens with negative power is:
A. Concave
B. Convex
C. Plane
D. Cylindrical
✅ Answer: A
70. Which lens has thicker edges and thinner center?
A. Concave
B. Convex
C. Plane
D. Spherical
✅ Answer: A
71. Lens power is given by the formula:
A. P = 1/f (in meters)
B. P = f × u
C. P = 1/u
D. P = v/u
✅ Answer: A
72. Real and inverted image is formed by convex lens when object is:
A. Beyond 2F
B. At 2F
C. Between F and 2F
D. All the above
✅ Answer: D
73. When object is placed between optical center and focus of convex lens:
A. Real, inverted
B. Virtual, erect, enlarged
C. Diminished, virtual
D. Same size
✅ Answer: B
74. Total internal reflection occurs when light moves from:
A. Air to glass
B. Water to air
C. Glass to air (at angle > critical)
D. Both B and C
✅ Answer: D
75. Critical angle is the angle of incidence in denser medium where angle of
refraction is:
A. 0°
B. 45°
C. 90°
D. Less than 90°
✅ Answer: C
76. Which optical instrument uses lenses to magnify objects?
A. Microscope
B. Thermometer
C. Barometer
D. Ammeter
✅ Answer: A
77. If u = –20 cm, f = +10 cm, v = ? (Using lens formula)
A. +10 cm
B. +20 cm
C. –20 cm
D. +40 cm
✅ Answer: D
🧠 Use: 1/v – 1/u = 1/f
78. Diverging lens is also called:
A. Convex
B. Concave
C. Plane
D. Transparent
✅ Answer: B
79. Which type of lens is used in cameras?
A. Concave
B. Convex
C. Plane
D. All of the above
✅ Answer: B
80. A ray passing through the optical center of a lens:
A. Gets refracted
B. Gets reflected
C. Passes undeviated
D. Bends toward axis
✅ Answer: C
🔹 Dispersion, Human Eye & Scattering (81–100)
81. In VIBGYOR, red light:
A. Bends most
B. Bends least
C. Disappears
D. Has highest frequency
✅ Answer: B
82. Which color deviates the most in a prism?
A. Violet
B. Blue
C. Red
D. Yellow
✅ Answer: A
83. Eye lens is made of:
A. Plastic
B. Liquid
C. Flexible soft material
D. Hard cartilage
✅ Answer: C
84. Defect due to uneven curvature of cornea or lens:
A. Cataract
B. Presbyopia
C. Astigmatism
D. Hypermetropia
✅ Answer: C
85. Which part of eye converts light into nerve signal?
A. Cornea
B. Retina
C. Iris
D. Lens
✅ Answer: B
86. When lens becomes cloudy, the defect is called:
A. Myopia
B. Hypermetropia
C. Cataract
D. Presbyopia
✅ Answer: C
87. Which part controls the amount of light entering the eye?
A. Retina
B. Iris
C. Pupil
D. Cornea
✅ Answer: B
88. The reddish appearance of sun at sunrise is due to:
A. Dispersion
B. Refraction
C. Total internal reflection
D. Scattering
✅ Answer: D
89. Which gas scatters blue light more in the atmosphere?
A. Oxygen
B. Nitrogen
C. CO₂
D. Argon
✅ Answer: B
🧠 Major part of air: nitrogen (78%)
90. Which type of scattering causes blue sky?
A. Rayleigh scattering
B. Mie scattering
C. Specular reflection
D. Fresnel diffraction
✅ Answer: A
91. Use of bifocal lens is to correct:
A. Myopia
B. Hypermetropia
C. Presbyopia
D. Cataract
✅ Answer: C
92. Myopia is corrected by lens having focal length:
A. Positive
B. Negative
C. Zero
D. Infinite
✅ Answer: B
93. Increased pressure in the eye leads to:
A. Cataract
B. Glaucoma
C. Astigmatism
D. Conjunctivitis
✅ Answer: B
94. Eye lens changes shape due to action of:
A. Cornea
B. Pupil
C. Ciliary muscles
D. Retina
✅ Answer: C
95. Color of the sky appears white sometimes due to:
A. Maximum scattering
B. Uniform scattering of all colors
C. Only red light
D. Only blue light
✅ Answer: B
96. Rainbow is formed due to:
A. Dispersion + reflection + refraction
B. Reflection only
C. Refraction only
D. Scattering
✅ Answer: A
97. Twinkling of stars is due to:
A. Scattering
B. Refraction through varying atmosphere
C. Dispersion
D. Emission of light
✅ Answer: B
98. The pupil is:
A. Transparent lens
B. Adjustable hole controlling light
C. Light-sensitive cells
D. Protective covering
✅ Answer: B
99. Lens used in spectacles for distant + near vision:
A. Concave
B. Convex
C. Cylindrical
D. Bifocal
✅ Answer: D
100. Which color has lowest frequency in visible spectrum?
A. Red
B. Violet
C. Green
D. Yellow
✅ Answer: A
