Faculty of Information Technology

SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

Fall 2021

Chapter 1 Fundamental of Systems Development

Part I. Multiple choice questions

1) ________ would be classified as software designed to support the payroll function.

A) System software
B) Design software
C) Analysis software
D) Application software
Answer: D

2) ________ is designed to support organizational functions or processes.

A) Application software
B) Design software
C) Analysis software
D) Testing software
Answer: A

3) What are computer programs that make it easy to use and benefit from techniques
and to faithfully follow the guidelines of the overall development methodology?
A) Tools
B) Techniques
C) Data flow
D) Methodologies
Answer: A

4) Who has the primary responsibility for the design and analysis of information
systems?
A) Systems analyst
B) Software engineer
C) Employees
D) Applications developer
Answer: A

5) ________ is/are the process(es) that an analyst will follow to help ensure that his
work is complete, well-done, and understood by project team members.
A) Tools
B) Techniques
C) Data flow
D) Methodologies
Answer: D
1
6) The first procedural, or third-generation, computer programming languages did not
become available until the beginning of the ________.
A) 1950s
B) 1960s
C) 1970s
D) 1980s
Answer: A

7) Because computers were so expensive, computer memory was also at a premium,

so system developers conserved as much memory as possible for ________.
A) System design
B) System analysis
C) Data analysis
D) Data storage
Answer: D

8) ________ are large, complex systems that consist of a series of independent system
modules.
A) Supply chain management systems
B) Enterprise-wide systems
C) Customer relationship management systems
D) Transaction processing systems
Answer: B

9) ________ were developed to make systems developers' work easier and more
consistent.
A) Data analysis tools
B) Computer-aided software engineering (CASE) tools
C) Software designing tools
D) Modeling tools
Answer: B

10) Most organizations find it beneficial to use a standard set of steps, called ________,
to develop and support their information systems.
A) Systems development methodology
B) Supply chain management systems
C) Analytical processing systems
D) Customer relationship management systems
Answer: A

11) Which of the below is a traditional methodology used to develop, maintain, and
replace information systems?
A) Prototyping
B) OOAD
C) RAD
D) SDLC
Answer: D
2
12) Information systems analysis and design is a process to develop and maintain
computer-based information systems. T/F? True

13) Ninety-four percent of companies report that they practice agile in their systems
development efforts. T/F? True

14) To be effective, techniques and tools must both be consistent with an organization's
systems development methodology. T/F? True

15) Techniques and tools must make it difficult for system developers to conduct the
steps called for in the methodology. T/F? False

16) An organizational approach to systems analysis and design is not driven by

methodologies. T/F? False

17) The analysis and design of computer-based information systems began in the
1950s. T/F? True

18) Most organizations never developed their applications from scratch using their in-
house development staff. T/F? False

19) Which of the following is correct with respect to the logical design?
A) All functional features of the system chosen for development in analysis are
described independently of any computer platform.
B) Logical design does not concentrate on the business aspects of the system.
C) Logical design is tied to a specific hardware and software platform.
D) Technical specifications are developed.
Answer: A

20) In which phase of the SDLC is an information system systematically repaired and
improved?
A) Implementation
B) Analysis
C) Design
D) Maintenance
Answer: D

21) Which of the following are delivered after the completion of analysis phase?
A) Functional, detailed specifications of all system elements
B) Priorities for systems and projects; an architecture for data, networks, and selection
hardware, and IS management are the result of associated systems
C) Code, documentation, training procedures, and support capabilities
D) Description of current system and where problems and opportunities are with a
general recommendation on how to fix, enhance, or replace current system
Answer: D

22) Systems development methodologies and techniques which are based on objects
3
rather than data or processes are known as ________.
A) Inheritance
B) Objects
C) Participatory design
D) Object-oriented analysis and design
Answer: D
Part 2. Short answer

1) Who is a systems analyst and what are the duties of a systems analyst?
A systems analyst is a professional who specializes in analyzing, designing, and
implementing information systems to meet the specific needs of an organization. They
act as a crucial link between business stakeholders and technical teams, translating
business requirements into a technical plan for a new or improved system.

2) What is an application software and its importance?

Definition: Application software, or an "app," is a computer program or group of
programs designed for end-users to perform specific tasks. Unlike system software (like
an operating system) which runs the computer itself, application software directly
interacts with the user to accomplish a particular function.

Importance:
 Automate tasks: Application software can automate manual processes, which
reduces errors and increases productivity.
 Manage and manipulate data: It allows users to efficiently create, store, and
organize information.
 Facilitate communication and collaboration: Many applications are designed to
enable teamwork and real-time communication among users.
 Improve efficiency: By providing specialized tools for specific tasks (like word
processing, financial management, or graphic design), it helps individuals and
businesses be more productive.

3) What is meant by system methodologies, techniques, and tools?

 Methodology: A methodology is a systematic approach or a standard set of steps
that an analyst follows to develop and support information systems. It provides a high-
level framework to ensure the work is complete, well-done, and consistent. Examples
include the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) and Agile.
 Techniques: Techniques are the processes or procedures that an analyst uses
within a methodology. They are the "how-to" part of the job. For example, a technique
might be data flow modeling or a specific way to conduct a user interview.
 Tools: Tools are the computer programs or software that make it easier to use and
benefit from the techniques and follow the methodology. Computer-Aided Software
Engineering (CASE) tools, for instance, are software programs that support various
techniques and methodologies.
4
4) What is a system development methodology?
A systems development methodology is a standard, structured process used by an
organization to analyze, design, implement, and maintain information systems. It
provides a framework for project management and ensures that all activities are
conducted in a consistent, controlled, and well-documented manner. Adopting a
methodology helps reduce risks, manage resources efficiently, and produce a high-
quality system that meets business needs.

5) What are the five major phases of the SDLC?

The five major phases of the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) are:
1. Planning and Analysis: This initial phase involves identifying the need for a new
system, defining its scope and objectives, and conducting a feasibility study to
determine if the project is technically and financially viable. This phase results in
a clear understanding of the business problem and a general recommendation
for a solution.
2. Design: In this phase, the system's architecture and design are created based
on the requirements gathered in the analysis phase. This includes logical design
(describing the system's functional features independently of technology) and
physical design (developing the technical specifications for hardware, software,
and networks).
3. Implementation: This phase is where the actual system is built. Developers
write the code, and the system is installed and configured in its intended
environment. This phase also includes user training and the development of
documentation.
4. Testing: The system is rigorously tested to identify and fix bugs, ensure it meets
all the specified requirements, and verify that it functions as intended.
5. Maintenance: The final and ongoing phase involves systematically repairing,
improving, and updating the system after it has been deployed. This includes
fixing any remaining bugs, adding new features, and making adjustments to keep
the system relevant and functional.