JAVA PROGRAMING

SUBJECT CODE: BCS 452

B.TECH.(CSE) SEMESTER -IV

Academic Session: 2023-24, Even Semester

Student Name: Khushi Chaudary
Roll. No.: 2202300100091
Branch/Section: CSE/G1A

Dronacharya Group of Institutions

Plot No. 27, Knowledge Park-3, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201308
Affiliated to

Dr. A P J Abdul Kalam Technical University

Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 22603
JAVA PROGRAMING

Program no-1
WAP in java to print Hello word.

public class practice {

public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("Hello World ");
}
}
Result:

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1
JAVA PROGRAMING

Program no-2
WAP in java to find the sum of two numbers using
Command Line Arguments.

public class AddNumbers {

public static void main(String[] args) {
// Check if two arguments are provided
if (args.length != 2) {
System.out.println("Please provide two numbers as command
line arguments.");
return;
}

try {
// Parse the command line arguments to integers
int num1 = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
int num2 = Integer.parseInt(args[1]);

// Calculate the sum

int sum = num1 + num2;

// Print the result

System.out.println("The sum of " + num1 + " and " + num2 +
" is: " + sum);

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JAVA PROGRAMING

} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
System.out.println("Invalid input. Please provide two valid
numbers.");
}
}
}

Result :

Program no-3

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3
JAVA PROGRAMING

WAP in java to implement Constructor Overloading.

public class Rectangle {

int length;
int width;

// Default constructor
public Rectangle() {
this.length = 0;
this.width = 0;
}

// Constructor with one parameter

public Rectangle(int side) {
this.length = side;
this.width = side;
}

// Constructor with two parameters

public Rectangle(int length, int width) {
this.length = length;
this.width = width;
}

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4
JAVA PROGRAMING

// Method to calculate the area of the rectangle

public int getArea() {
return length * width;
}

// Method to display the dimensions of the rectangle

public void display() {
System.out.println("Length: " + length + ", Width: " + width + ",
Area: " + getArea());
}

public static void main(String[] args) {

// Using the default constructor
Rectangle rect1 = new Rectangle();
rect1.display();
Result:

Program no-4
WAP in java to implement Method Overloading.

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5
JAVA PROGRAMING

public class Calculator {

// Method to add two integers

public int add(int a, int b) {
return a + b;
}

// Method to add three integers

public int add(int a, int b, int c) {
return a + b + c;
}

// Method to add two double numbers

public double add(double a, double b) {
return a + b;
}

// Method to add three double numbers

public double add(double a, double b, double c) {
return a + b + c;
}

// Main method to test the overloaded methods

public static void main(String[] args) {
Calculator calc = new Calculator();

// Testing the add method with different parameters

System.out.println("Sum of 10 and 20: " + calc.add(10, 20)); //
Calls add(int, int)
System.out.println("Sum of 10, 20, and 30: " + calc.add(10, 20,
30)); // Calls add(int, int, int)
System.out.println("Sum of 10.5 and 20.5: " + calc.add(10.5,
20.5)); // Calls add(double, double)
System.out.println("Sum of 10.5, 20.5, and 30.5: " +
calc.add(10.5, 20.5, 30.5)); // Calls add(double, double, double)
}

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}
Result:

Computer Science & Engineering Department

Khushi chaudary (2202300100091)

7
JAVA PROGRAMING

Program no-5
WAP in java to implement Method Overriding.
// Superclass
class Animal {
// Method to be overridden
public void makeSound() {
System.out.println("The animal makes a sound");
}
}

// Subclass
class Dog extends Animal {
// Overriding the makeSound method
@Override
public void makeSound() {
System.out.println("The dog barks");
}
}

// Another Subclass
class Cat extends Animal {
// Overriding the makeSound method
@Override

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JAVA PROGRAMING

public void makeSound() {

System.out.println("The cat meows");
}
}

public class MethodOverridingDemo {

public static void main(String[] args) {
// Creating instances of Animal, Dog, and Cat
Animal myAnimal = new Animal();
Animal myDog = new Dog();
Animal myCat = new Cat();

// Calling the makeSound method on different objects

myAnimal.makeSound(); // Calls makeSound() of Animal
myDog.makeSound(); // Calls makeSound() of Dog
myCat.makeSound(); // Calls makeSound() of Cat
}
}
Result:

Computer Science & Engineering Department

Khushi chaudary (2202300100091)

9
JAVA PROGRAMING

Program no-6
WAP in java to implement Static method, static class
and static Variables.

public class StaticDemo {

// Static variable
static int count = 0;

// Static method
static void displayCount() {
System.out.println("Count: " + count);
}

// Static nested class

static class NestedStaticClass {
void show() {
System.out.println("Inside static nested class.");
}
}

// Non-static method to increment count

void increment() {
count++;
}

public static void main(String[] args) {

// Accessing static variable and method without creating an
instance
StaticDemo.displayCount(); // Count: 0

// Creating an instance of StaticDemo and using non-static

method

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JAVA PROGRAMING

StaticDemo demo = new StaticDemo();

demo.increment();
demo.increment();

// Accessing static variable and method after incrementing

StaticDemo.displayCount(); // Count: 2

// Creating an instance of static nested class

StaticDemo.NestedStaticClass nested = new
StaticDemo.NestedStaticClass();
nested.show(); // Inside static nested class.
}
}
Result:

Program no-7

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Khushi chaudary (2202300100091)

11
JAVA PROGRAMING

WAP in java to implement static and instance block.

public class BlockDemo {

// Static variable
static int staticCount;

// Instance variable
int instanceCount;

// Static block
static {
staticCount = 10;
System.out.println("Static block executed. Static count: " +
staticCount);
}

// Instance block
{
instanceCount = 5;
System.out.println("Instance block executed. Instance count: " +
instanceCount);
}

// Constructor

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JAVA PROGRAMING

public BlockDemo() {
System.out.println("Constructor executed.");
}

public static void main(String[] args) {

System.out.println("Main method started.");

// Creating the first instance of BlockDemo

BlockDemo demo1 = new BlockDemo();

// Creating the second instance of BlockDemo

BlockDemo demo2 = new BlockDemo();

System.out.println("Main method ended.");

}
}
Result:

Computer Science & Engineering Department

Khushi chaudary (2202300100091)

13
JAVA PROGRAMING

Program no-8
WAP in Java to implement Single Inheritance.
// Superclass
class Animal {
// Method of the superclass
void eat() {
System.out.println("This animal eats food.");

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JAVA PROGRAMING

}
}

// Subclass
class Dog extends Animal {
// Method of the subclass
void bark() {
System.out.println("The dog barks.");
}
}

public class SingleInheritanceDemo {

public static void main(String[] args) {
// Creating an instance of the subclass
Dog myDog = new Dog();

// Calling methods of the superclass and subclass

myDog.eat(); // Method inherited from Animal
myDog.bark(); // Method of Dog
}
}
Result:

Computer Science & Engineering Department

Khushi chaudary (2202300100091)

15
JAVA PROGRAMING

Program no-9
WAP in Java to implement Multilevel Inheritance.
// Base class
class Animal {
void eat() {
System.out.println("This animal eats food.");
}
}

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16
JAVA PROGRAMING

// Derived class
class Dog extends Animal {
void bark() {
System.out.println("The dog barks.");
}
}

// Further derived class

class Puppy extends Dog {
void weep() {
System.out.println("The puppy weeps.");
}
}

public class MultilevelInheritanceDemo {

public static void main(String[] args) {
// Creating an instance of the further derived class
Puppy myPuppy = new Puppy();

// Calling methods from the base class, derived class, and further
derived class
myPuppy.eat(); // Method inherited from Animal
myPuppy.bark(); // Method inherited from Dog
myPuppy.weep(); // Method of Puppy
}
}

Result:

Computer Science & Engineering Department

Khushi chaudary (2202300100091)

17
JAVA PROGRAMING

Program no-10
WAP in Java to implement Hierarchical Inheritance.
// Superclass
class Animal {
void eat() {
System.out.println("This animal eats food.");

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JAVA PROGRAMING

}
}

// Subclass 1
class Dog extends Animal {
void bark() {
System.out.println("The dog barks.");
}
}

// Subclass 2
class Cat extends Animal {
void meow() {
System.out.println("The cat meows.");
}
}

public class HierarchicalInheritanceDemo {

public static void main(String[] args) {
// Creating instances of the subclasses
Dog myDog = new Dog();
Cat myCat = new Cat();

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JAVA PROGRAMING

// Calling methods from the superclass and the respective

subclasses
myDog.eat(); // Method inherited from Animal
myDog.bark(); // Method of Dog

myCat.eat(); // Method inherited from Animal

myCat.meow(); // Method of Cat
}
}
Result:

Computer Science & Engineering Department

Khushi chaudary (2202300100091)

20
JAVA PROGRAMING

Program no-11
WAP in java to show the use of Abstract Class.
// Abstract class
abstract class Animal {
// Abstract method (does not have a body)
abstract void makeSound();

// Concrete method
void eat() {
System.out.println("This animal eats food.");
}
}

// Subclass 1
class Dog extends Animal {
// Implementation of the abstract method
void makeSound() {
System.out.println("The dog barks.");
}
}

// Subclass 2
class Cat extends Animal {

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JAVA PROGRAMING

// Implementation of the abstract method

void makeSound() {
System.out.println("The cat meows.");
}
}

public class AbstractClassDemo {

public static void main(String[] args) {
// Creating instances of the subclasses
Dog myDog = new Dog();
Cat myCat = new Cat();

// Calling methods from the superclass and the respective

subclasses
myDog.eat(); // Method inherited from Animal
myDog.makeSound(); // Method of Dog

myCat.eat(); // Method inherited from Animal

myCat.makeSound(); // Method of Cat
}
}
Result:

Computer Science & Engineering Department

Khushi chaudary (2202300100091)

22
JAVA PROGRAMING

Computer Science & Engineering Department

Khushi chaudary (2202300100091)

23
JAVA PROGRAMING

Program no-12
WAP in java to show the use of interface.
// Interface
interface Animal {
// Abstract method (does not have a body)
void makeSound();

// Default method
default void eat() {
System.out.println("This animal eats food.");
}
}

// Class implementing the interface

class Dog implements Animal {
// Implementation of the abstract method
public void makeSound() {
System.out.println("The dog barks.");
}
}

// Another class implementing the interface

class Cat implements Animal {

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JAVA PROGRAMING

// Implementation of the abstract method

public void makeSound() {
System.out.println("The cat meows.");
}
}

public class InterfaceDemo {

public static void main(String[] args) {
// Creating instances of the implementing classes
Dog myDog = new Dog();
Cat myCat = new Cat();

// Calling methods defined in the interface and implemented by

the classes
myDog.eat(); // Default method from the interface
myDog.makeSound(); // Method implemented in Dog

myCat.eat(); // Default method from the interface

myCat.makeSound(); // Method implemented in Cat
}
}
Result:

Computer Science & Engineering Department

Khushi chaudary (2202300100091)

25
JAVA PROGRAMING

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26
JAVA PROGRAMING

Program no-13
WAP in java to show the use of try catch and finally.

public class TryCatchFinallyDemo {

public static void main(String[] args) {
// Example of try, catch, and finally
try {
// Code that may throw an exception
int[] numbers = {1, 2, 3};
System.out.println("Element at index 3: " + numbers[3]);
} catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
// Code to handle the exception
System.out.println("Exception caught: Array index is out of
bounds.");
} finally {
// Code that will always execute
System.out.println("The 'try catch' block has finished
executing.");
}

// Another example
try {
int result = 10 / 0;
System.out.println("Result: " + result);
} catch (ArithmeticException e) {
System.out.println("Exception caught: Division by zero.");
} finally {
System.out.println("The 'try catch' block has finished
executing.");
}
}
} public class TryCatchFinallyDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Example of try, catch, and finally

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JAVA PROGRAMING

try {
// Code that may throw an exception
int[] numbers = {1, 2, 3};
System.out.println("Element at index 3: " + numbers[3]);
} catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
// Code to handle the exception
System.out.println("Exception caught: Array index is out of
bounds.");
} finally {
// Code that will always execute
System.out.println("The 'try catch' block has finished
executing.");
}

// Another example
try {
int result = 10 / 0;
System.out.println("Result: " + result);
} catch (ArithmeticException e) {
System.out.println("Exception caught: Division by zero.");
} finally {
System.out.println("The 'try catch' block has finished
executing.");
}
}
}
Result:

Program no-14

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JAVA PROGRAMING

WAP in java to show the use of try with multiple catch.

public class MultipleCatchDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Example of try with multiple catch blocks
try {
// Code that may throw multiple types of exceptions
int[] numbers = {1, 2, 3};
int result = numbers[1] / 0; // This will throw
ArithmeticException
System.out.println("Result: " + result);

System.out.println("Element at index 5: " + numbers[5]); //

This will throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
} catch (ArithmeticException e) {
// Handle arithmetic exception (division by zero)
System.out.println("ArithmeticException caught: Division by
zero.");
} catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
// Handle array index out-of-bounds exception
System.out.println("ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
caught: Array index is out of bounds.");
} catch (Exception e) {
// Handle any other exceptions
System.out.println("Exception caught: " + e);
} finally {

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JAVA PROGRAMING

// Code that will always execute

System.out.println("The 'try catch' block has finished
executing.");
}
}
}
Result:

Or

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30
JAVA PROGRAMING

Program no-15
WAP in java to show the use of nested try and catch.
public class NestedTryCatchDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Outer try block
try {
// Code that may throw exceptions
int[] numbers = {1, 2, 3};
System.out.println("Element at index 1: " + numbers[1]);

// Inner try block

try {
int result = numbers[1] / 0; // This will throw
ArithmeticException
System.out.println("Result: " + result);
} catch (ArithmeticException e) {
System.out.println("Inner catch: ArithmeticException
caught - Division by zero.");
}

// Accessing an invalid index

System.out.println("Element at index 5: " + numbers[5]); //
This will throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException
} catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {

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JAVA PROGRAMING

System.out.println("Outer catch:
ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException caught - Array index is out of
bounds.");
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("Outer catch: Exception caught - " + e);
} finally {
System.out.println("The outer 'try catch' block has finished
executing.");
}
}
}
Result:

Or

Program no-16

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Khushi chaudary (2202300100091)

32
JAVA PROGRAMING

WAP in java to implement custom exception

(AgeException) using throw and throws.

public class AgeException extends Exception {

public AgeException(String message) {
super(message);
}
}
public class CustomExceptionDemo {
// Method that checks age and throws AgeException
public static void checkAge(int age) throws AgeException {
if (age < 18) {
throw new AgeException("Age is less than 18. Access
denied.");
} else {
System.out.println("Age is " + age + ". Access granted.");
}
}

public static void main(String[] args) {

try {
checkAge(16); // This will throw AgeException
} catch (AgeException e) {
System.out.println("Exception caught: " + e.getMessage());
}

try {
checkAge(20); // This will not throw AgeException
} catch (AgeException e) {
System.out.println("Exception caught: " + e.getMessage());
}
}
}

Result:

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Khushi chaudary (2202300100091)

33
JAVA PROGRAMING

Program no-17
WAP in java Create multithreading using Thread Class
and show the use of important Methods of Thread class.

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JAVA PROGRAMING

(getName(),setName(), getPriority(),
setPriority(),getID(), join()).
class MyThread extends Thread {
public MyThread(String name) {
super(name); // Set the thread name
}

@Override
public void run() {
try {
for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {
System.out.println(getName() + " - Count: " + i);
Thread.sleep(500); // Sleep for 500 milliseconds
}
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
System.out.println(getName() + " interrupted.");
}
}
}
public class MultithreadingDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyThread thread1 = new MyThread("Thread-1");
MyThread thread2 = new MyThread("Thread-2");

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35
JAVA PROGRAMING

// Set thread priority

thread1.setPriority(Thread.MIN_PRIORITY);
thread2.setPriority(Thread.MAX_PRIORITY);

System.out.println(thread1.getName() + " ID: " +

thread1.getId());
System.out.println(thread2.getName() + " ID: " +
thread2.getId());

thread1.start();
thread2.start();

try {
// Main thread waits for thread1 and thread2 to finish
thread1.join();
thread2.join();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
System.out.println("Main thread interrupted.");
}

System.out.println("Thread-1 Priority: " + thread1.getPriority());

System.out.println("Thread-2 Priority: " + thread2.getPriority());

thread1.setName("Renamed-Thread-1");

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System.out.println("Renamed Thread-1: " + thread1.getName());

System.out.println("Main thread execution completed.");

}
}
Result:

Computer Science & Engineering Department

Khushi chaudary (2202300100091)

37
JAVA PROGRAMING

Program no-18
WAP in java to create thread using Runnable interface
and show the use of printStacktrace(), toString(), and
getMessage() methods.
// Define a class that implements Runnable interface
class MyRunnable implements Runnable {
public void run() {
try {
// Simulate some work that might throw an exception
int result = 10 / 0; // This will cause ArithmeticException
} catch (ArithmeticException e) {
// Print stack trace using printStackTrace() method
e.printStackTrace();

// Get and print exception message using getMessage() method

System.out.println("Exception Message: " + e.getMessage());
}
}
}

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
// Create a new thread with MyRunnable as the target

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JAVA PROGRAMING

Thread thread = new Thread(new MyRunnable());

// Start the thread

thread.start();

// Demonstrate toString() method of exception

try {
throw new NullPointerException("Explicitly thrown
exception");
} catch (NullPointerException e) {
// Print using toString() method
System.out.println("Exception toString(): " + e.toString());
}
}
}
Result:

Computer Science & Engineering Department

Khushi chaudary (2202300100091)

39
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Program no-19
Write a program in java to create a String ans show the
use of equals() and ==.
public class StringComparisonExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Creating two String objects
String s1 = "Hello";
String s2 = "Hello";
String s3 = new String("Hello");

// Using == operator to compare references

System.out.println("Using == operator:");
System.out.println("s1 == s2: " + (s1 == s2)); // true (references
are the same)
System.out.println("s1 == s3: " + (s1 == s3)); // false (references
are different)

// Using equals() method to compare contents

System.out.println("\nUsing equals() method:");
System.out.println("s1.equals(s2): " + s1.equals(s2)); // true
(contents are the same)
System.out.println("s1.equals(s3): " + s1.equals(s3)); // true
(contents are the same)

// Modify s1 to demonstrate immutability of Strings

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s1 = s1 + " World";
// Check again
System.out.println("\nAfter modification:");
System.out.println("s1: " + s1);
System.out.println("s2: " + s2);
System.out.println("s3: " + s3);
System.out.println("s1 == s2: " + (s1 == s2)); // false (references
are different after modification)
System.out.println("s1.equals(s2): " + s1.equals(s2)); // false
(contents are different after modification)
}
}
Result:

Program no-20

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41
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Write a program in java to remove all extra spaces from

a paragraph.
public class RemoveExtraSpaces {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String paragraph = " This is a paragraph with extra
spaces. ";

// Remove extra spaces using regular expression

String cleanedParagraph = paragraph.trim().replaceAll("\\s+", "
");

// Display original and cleaned paragraph

System.out.println("Original Paragraph:");
System.out.println(paragraph);
System.out.println("\nParagraph after removing extra spaces:");
System.out.println(cleanedParagraph);
}
}
Result:

Computer Science & Engineering Department

Khushi chaudary (2202300100091)

42
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Program no-21
Write a program in java to show the use of default and static methods.
// Define an interface with default and static methods
interface MyInterface {
// Abstract method (public and abstract by default)
void abstractMethod();

// Default method (with default implementation)

default void defaultMethod() {
System.out.println("This is a default method in MyInterface");
}

// Static method (with static implementation)

static void staticMethod() {
System.out.println("This is a static method in MyInterface");
}
}

// Implementing class that implements MyInterface

class MyClass implements MyInterface {
// Implementing the abstract method
@Override
public void abstractMethod() {

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System.out.println("Abstract method implementation in

MyClass");
}
}

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
// Create an object of MyClass
MyClass obj = new MyClass();

// Call abstract method implemented in MyClass

obj.abstractMethod();

// Call default method from interface

obj.defaultMethod();
// Call static method from interface
MyInterface.staticMethod();
}
}
Result:

Computer Science & Engineering Department

Khushi chaudary (2202300100091)

44
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Program no-22
Write a program in java to show the use of Lambda of
single argument, no argument and two arguments.
// Functional interface with single abstract method (SAM)
interface SingleArgument {
void printMessage(String message);
}

// Functional interface with no abstract method (to demonstrate no-

argument lambda)
interface NoArgument {
void display();
}

// Functional interface with two abstract methods (to demonstrate two-

argument lambda)
interface TwoArguments {
int multiply(int a, int b);
}

public class LambdaExamples {

public static void main(String[] args) {
// Lambda expression with single argument

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JAVA PROGRAMING

SingleArgument singleArgument = message ->

System.out.println("Message: " + message);
singleArgument.printMessage("Lambda with single argument");

// Lambda expression with no arguments

NoArgument noArgument = () -> System.out.println("Lambda
with no arguments");
noArgument.display();

// Lambda expression with two arguments

TwoArguments twoArguments = (a, b) -> a * b;
int result = twoArguments.multiply(5, 10);
System.out.println("Result of multiplication: " + result);
}
}
Result:

Computer Science & Engineering Department

Khushi chaudary (2202300100091)

46
JAVA PROGRAMING

Program no-23
Write a program in java to show the use of method
reference.
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

// A functional interface with a method that takes a String argument

and returns void
interface StringProcessor {
void process(String s);
}

public class MethodReferenceExample {

// Static method to print a string

static void print(String s) {
System.out.println("Printing: " + s);
}

public static void main(String[] args) {

List<String> strings = new ArrayList<>();
strings.add("Java");
strings.add("is");
strings.add("awesome");

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JAVA PROGRAMING

// Using lambda expression to call static method 'print'

strings.forEach(s -> MethodReferenceExample.print(s));

// Method reference to static method 'print'

strings.forEach(MethodReferenceExample::print);

// Using method reference with an instance method

StringProcessor processor = System.out::println;
strings.forEach(processor::process);
}
}
Result:

Program no-24

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48
JAVA PROGRAMING

Write a program in java to create a Stream of Integers

and find the sum of all Even Integers.
import java.util.Arrays;
public class SumOfEvenIntegers {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Create an array of integers
int[] numbers = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 };
// Create a stream of integers from the array
int sumOfEvens = Arrays.stream(numbers)
// Filter even numbers
.filter(n -> n % 2 == 0)
// Sum the filtered numbers
.sum();

// Print the sum of even integers

System.out.println("Sum of even integers: " + sumOfEvens);
}
}
Result:

Program no-25

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49
JAVA PROGRAMING

Write a program in java to create a LinkedList and copy

all the value to ArrayList.
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class LinkedListToArrayList {

public static void main(String[] args) {
// Create a LinkedList
LinkedList<String> linkedList = new LinkedList<>();

// Add elements to the LinkedList

linkedList.add("Apple");
linkedList.add("Banana");
linkedList.add("Cherry");
linkedList.add("Date");

// Create an ArrayList
List<String> arrayList = new ArrayList<>(linkedList); //
Copying LinkedList to ArrayList

// Print the original LinkedList

System.out.println("Original LinkedList:");
System.out.println(linkedList);

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50
JAVA PROGRAMING

// Print the ArrayList

System.out.println("\nCopied ArrayList:");
System.out.println(arrayList);
}
}
Result:

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51
JAVA PROGRAMING

Program no-26
Write a program in java to input a paragraph and find
the occurrence of each unique words.
import java.util.*;

public class WordOccurrence {

public static void main(String[] args) {
// Create a Scanner object for input
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

// Prompt user to enter a paragraph

System.out.println("Enter a paragraph:");
String paragraph = scanner.nextLine();

// Close the scanner after input

scanner.close();

// Remove punctuation and convert to lowercase

paragraph = paragraph.replaceAll("[^a-zA-Z ]",
"").toLowerCase();

// Split paragraph into words

String[] words = paragraph.split("\\s+");

// Create a HashMap to store word counts

Map<String, Integer> wordCountMap = new HashMap<>();

// Iterate through each word and update the count in the

HashMap
for (String word : words) {
if (word.length() > 0) { // Check if the word is not empty
if (wordCountMap.containsKey(word)) {
wordCountMap.put(word, wordCountMap.get(word) +
1);

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JAVA PROGRAMING

} else {
wordCountMap.put(word, 1);
}
}
}

// Print the occurrences of each unique word

System.out.println("\nOccurrences of each word:");
for (Map.Entry<String, Integer> entry :
wordCountMap.entrySet()) {
System.out.println(entry.getKey() + " : " + entry.getValue());
}
}
}
Result:

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53
JAVA PROGRAMING

Program no-27
Write a program in java to create a Employee class and
sort the object of this class using Comparable.
// Employee class implementing Comparable interface
class Employee implements Comparable<Employee> {
private int id;
private String name;
private int age;
private double salary;

// Constructor
public Employee(int id, String name, int age, double salary) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.salary = salary;
}

// Getter methods
public int getId() {
return id;
}

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JAVA PROGRAMING

public String getName() {

return name;
}

public int getAge() {

return age;
}

public double getSalary() {

return salary;
}

// Implementing compareTo method for natural ordering

@Override
public int compareTo(Employee other) {
// Compare employees based on their ids
return Integer.compare(this.id, other.id);
}

// toString method to print Employee details

@Override
public String toString() {
return "Employee{" +
"id=" + id +

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JAVA PROGRAMING

", name='" + name + '\'' +

", age=" + age +
", salary=" + salary +
'}';
}
}

public class EmployeeSortingExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {
// Create an ArrayList of Employee objects
List<Employee> employees = new ArrayList<>();
employees.add(new Employee(101, "John Doe", 30, 55000.0));
employees.add(new Employee(102, "Jane Smith", 28, 50000.0));
employees.add(new Employee(103, "Michael Johnson", 35,
60000.0));
employees.add(new Employee(104, "Emily Davis", 27,
52000.0));

// Print the list before sorting

System.out.println("Employees before sorting:");
for (Employee emp : employees) {
System.out.println(emp);
}

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JAVA PROGRAMING

// Sort the employees using Collections.sort() which uses

compareTo method
Collections.sort(employees);

// Print the list after sorting

System.out.println("\nEmployees after sorting by id:");
for (Employee emp : employees) {
System.out.println(emp);
}
}
}
Result:

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57
JAVA PROGRAMING

Program no-28
Write a program in java to create a Employee class and
sort the object of this class using Comparator of many
field.
public class Employee {
private String name;
private int id;
private double salary;

// Constructor
public Employee(String name, int id, double salary) {
this.name = name;
this.id = id;
this.salary = salary;
}

// Getters
public String getName() {
return name;
}

public int getId() {

return id;

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JAVA PROGRAMING

public double getSalary() {

return salary;
}

// Override the toString method for easy printing

@Override
public String toString() {
return "Employee{name='" + name + "', id=" + id + ", salary=" +
salary + '}';
}
}
import java.util.Comparator;

public class EmployeeComparators {

// Comparator to sort by salary, then by name, and then by ID

public static final Comparator<Employee>
BY_SALARY_NAME_ID = (e1, e2) -> {
int salaryCompare = Double.compare(e1.getSalary(),
e2.getSalary());
if (salaryCompare != 0) {
return salaryCompare;
}

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JAVA PROGRAMING

int nameCompare = e1.getName().compareTo(e2.getName());

if (nameCompare != 0) {
return nameCompare;
}
return Integer.compare(e1.getId(), e2.getId());
};
// You can define more comparators if needed
}
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Create a list of Employee objects
List<Employee> employees = new ArrayList<>();
employees.add(new Employee("Alice", 1, 50000));
employees.add(new Employee("Bob", 2, 75000));
employees.add(new Employee("Charlie", 3, 50000));
employees.add(new Employee("Alice", 4, 50000));
employees.add(new Employee("Charlie", 5, 60000));
// Print unsorted list
System.out.println("Unsorted list:");
for (Employee emp : employees) {
System.out.println(emp);

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JAVA PROGRAMING

}
// Sort the list using the comparator
Collections.sort(employees,
EmployeeComparators.BY_SALARY_NAME_ID);
// Print sorted list
System.out.println("\nSorted list (by salary, then name, then
ID):");
for (Employee emp : employees) {
System.out.println(emp);
}
}
}
Result:

Program no-29
Write a program in java to implement Set interface.

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61
JAVA PROGRAMING

Using hashset
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

public class HashSetExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {
// Create a HashSet
Set<String> hashSet = new HashSet<>();

// Add elements to the HashSet

hashSet.add("Apple");
hashSet.add("Banana");
hashSet.add("Orange");
hashSet.add("Apple"); // Duplicate element, will not be added

// Print the HashSet

System.out.println("HashSet: " + hashSet);

// Check if an element exists

System.out.println("Contains 'Banana': " +
hashSet.contains("Banana"));

// Remove an element
hashSet.remove("Banana");

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JAVA PROGRAMING

System.out.println("HashSet after removing 'Banana': " +

hashSet);

// Iterate through the HashSet

System.out.println("Iterating over HashSet:");
for (String fruit : hashSet) {
System.out.println(fruit);
}
}
}
Result:

Using linked hashset:

import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
import java.util.Set;

public class LinkedHashSetExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {
// Create a LinkedHashSet
Set<String> linkedHashSet = new LinkedHashSet<>();

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JAVA PROGRAMING

// Add elements to the LinkedHashSet

linkedHashSet.add("Apple");
linkedHashSet.add("Banana");
linkedHashSet.add("Orange");
linkedHashSet.add("Apple"); // Duplicate element, will not be
added

// Print the LinkedHashSet

System.out.println("LinkedHashSet: " + linkedHashSet);

// Check if an element exists

System.out.println("Contains 'Banana': " +
linkedHashSet.contains("Banana"));

// Remove an element
linkedHashSet.remove("Banana");
System.out.println("LinkedHashSet after removing 'Banana': " +
linkedHashSet);

// Iterate through the LinkedHashSet

System.out.println("Iterating over LinkedHashSet:");
for (String fruit : linkedHashSet) {
System.out.println(fruit);
}

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JAVA PROGRAMING

}
}
Result:

Using treeset:
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.TreeSet;
public class TreeSetExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Create a TreeSet
Set<String> treeSet = new TreeSet<>();
// Add elements to the TreeSet
treeSet.add("Apple");
treeSet.add("Banana");
treeSet.add("Orange");
treeSet.add("Apple"); // Duplicate element, will not be added
// Print the TreeSet
System.out.println("TreeSet: " + treeSet);
// Check if an element exists

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JAVA PROGRAMING

System.out.println("Contains 'Banana': " +

treeSet.contains("Banana"));
// Remove an element
treeSet.remove("Banana");
System.out.println("TreeSet after removing 'Banana': " +
treeSet);
// Iterate through the TreeSet
System.out.println("Iterating over TreeSet:");
for (String fruit : treeSet) {
System.out.println(fruit);
}
}
}
Result:

Program no-30
Write a program in java to implement HashMap and
TreeMap.
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

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JAVA PROGRAMING

import java.util.TreeMap;

public class MapExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {
// Using HashMap
Map<String, Integer> hashMap = new HashMap<>();

// Adding elements to HashMap

hashMap.put("Apple", 3);
hashMap.put("Banana", 2);
hashMap.put("Orange", 4);
hashMap.put("Grapes", 5);

// Printing the HashMap

System.out.println("HashMap:");
for (Map.Entry<String, Integer> entry : hashMap.entrySet()) {
System.out.println(entry.getKey() + ": " + entry.getValue());
}

// Accessing an element
System.out.println("\nValue for 'Banana': " +
hashMap.get("Banana"));

// Removing an element

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JAVA PROGRAMING

hashMap.remove("Orange");
System.out.println("\nHashMap after removing 'Orange':");
for (Map.Entry<String, Integer> entry : hashMap.entrySet()) {
System.out.println(entry.getKey() + ": " + entry.getValue());
}

// Using TreeMap
Map<String, Integer> treeMap = new TreeMap<>();

// Adding elements to TreeMap

treeMap.put("Apple", 3);
treeMap.put("Banana", 2);
treeMap.put("Orange", 4);
treeMap.put("Grapes", 5);

// Printing the TreeMap

System.out.println("\nTreeMap:");
for (Map.Entry<String, Integer> entry : treeMap.entrySet()) {
System.out.println(entry.getKey() + ": " + entry.getValue());
}

// Accessing an element
System.out.println("\nValue for 'Banana': " +
treeMap.get("Banana"));

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JAVA PROGRAMING

// Removing an element
treeMap.remove("Orange");
System.out.println("\nTreeMap after removing 'Orange':");
for (Map.Entry<String, Integer> entry : treeMap.entrySet()) {
System.out.println(entry.getKey() + ": " + entry.getValue());
}
}
}
Result for hashmap:

Result for treemap:

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JAVA PROGRAMING

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JAVA PROGRAMING

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71
JAVA PROGRAMING

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JAVA PROGRAMING

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