Cambridge-X (May’25)

MATHEMATICS-D

Half-Yearly Assignment
(Paper-1)

Prepared by Faisal Mizan

Senior teacher of Mathematics
⨀ Mathematics-D | Revision Worksheet

2−5𝑥
1. (a) Solve =3
3𝑥+10

3 5
(b) Express as a single fraction in its simplest form 𝑥−2 − 2𝑥+1. [May22/V12/Q24]

2. Find 45% of $1.20. [Nov22/V11/Q2]

3. Write these fractions in order of size, starting with the smallest.

11 4 27 13
12 5 30 15
[Nov22/V11/Q3]

4. (a) Write 306.248 (i) Correct to 2 decimal places, (ii) Correct to 2 significant figures.

(b) By writing each number correct to 1 significant figure,

3
estimate the value of 9.372 − √1046. [Nov22/V11/Q5]

5. (a) Write 4 × 4 × 4 × 4 × 4 as a power of 4.

2
(b) Simplify (√5) , (c) Simplify (2𝑥 3 )4 . [Nov22/V11/Q6]
7 3 3 4
6. (a) Workout 8 − 4 , (b) Workout 1 5 ÷ 7.

Give your answer as a mixed number in its lowest form. [Nov22/V11/Q7]

7. Factorise 3𝑎2 + 12𝑎. [Nov22/V11/Q8]

8. (a) Write the number 320 000 000 in standard form.

2×10−3
(b) Evaluate 4×109
. Give your answer in standard form. [Nov22/V11/Q10]

9. (a) Write 120 as a product of its prime factors.

(b) 315 = 32 × 5 × 7. Use this information to find the smallest integer

value of 𝑛, such that 315𝑛 is a square number. [Nov22/V11/Q11]

10. Expand and simplify.

(a) 3(2𝑥 + 1) − 2(4𝑥 + 3), (b) (𝑥 + 5)(𝑥 − 3) [Nov22/V11/Q12]

11. 𝐵 is directly proportional to the square of 𝑎.

When 𝑎 = 3, 𝑏 = 18. Find 𝑏 when 𝑎 = 5. [Nov22/V11/Q18]

12. (a) 𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 − 7 = (𝑥 + 𝑎)2 + 𝑏. Find the value of a and the value of b.

(b) Hence solve the equation 𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 − 7 = 0. Show your working. [Nov22/V11/Q22]

3
13. (a) Work out 80 ÷ 0.02, (b) Evaluate √1000. [Nov22/V12/Q1]

14. (a) Put one pair of brackets into this calculation to make it correct.

4+4×4−4=4
(b) Work out −6 × (−3 + 7). [Nov22/V12/Q2]

15. Write 7.54 × 10−4 as an ordinary number. [Nov22/V12/Q3]

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⨀ Mathematics-D | Revision Worksheet

11 2 3
16. (a) Work out 15
− 3, (b) Work out 10
÷ 6.

Write your answer as a fraction in its simplest form. [Nov22/V12/Q6]

17. By writing each number correct to 1 significant figure,

47.5+36.1
estimate the value of 64.9÷17.7
[Nov22/V12/Q9]

18. (a) Write 420 as the product of its prime factors.

(b) Given that 1512 = 23 × 33 × 7, find the highest common factor of 420 and 1512. [Nov22/V12/Q10]

19. (a) Represent the inequality −4 ≤ 𝑥 < 2 on the number line below.

(b) Solve the inequality, 10 − 𝑛 < 2𝑛 − 5 [Nov22/V12/Q12]

20. Sophie cycles 2600 metres in 12 minutes.

Work out Sophie’s average speed in kilometers per hour. [Nov22/V12/Q13]

21. (a) Simplify (𝑥 2 )3 , (b) 𝑡 2 = 9, find the value of 𝑡.

(c) √5 × 50 = 5𝑘 , find the value of 𝑘. [Nov22/V12/Q17]

22. 𝑥 is directly proportional to the square of (𝑦 + 1).

When 𝑦 = 2, 𝑥 = 45. Find 𝑥 when 𝑦 = 4. [Nov22/V12/Q18]

3𝑥−1 𝑥+2 5
23. Solve + = . [Nov22/V12/Q19]
6 4 3

24. Factorise: (a) 9𝑝2 − 𝑞 2 , (b) 𝑎𝑐 − 3𝑏𝑐 + 𝑎 − 3𝑏. [Nov22/V12/Q22]

𝑥 2 −4𝑥
25. Simplify . [Nov22/V12/Q25]
𝑥 2 −𝑥−12

26.(a) Write down the value of the 5 in the number 253 624.

(b) The crowd at a sports event is exactly 35 687.

Write this number correct to the nearest ten. [May22/V11/Q1]
27. Write down

(a) a prime number between 10 and 15,

(b) an irrational number between 10 and 15. [May22/V11/Q6]

28. Work out.

2 3 3 2
(a) − (b) ÷ [May22/V11/Q8]
3 5 5 3

29. Write these lengths in order of size, starting with the smallest.

32 000 cm 3300 mm 3.1 km 34 m [May22/V11/Q9]

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30. By writing each number correct to 1 significant figure,

0.28×37.4
estimate the value of 77.8
[May22/V11/Q12]

31.(a) Expand and simplify.

(i) (𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 − 4) (ii) 5(𝑥 + 2) − 2(2𝑥 − 1)
4𝑏 5𝑏
(b) Write as a single fraction in its simplest form 3
+ 9
[May22/V11/Q13]

32.(a) Write 0.000 863 in standard form.

(b) The table below shows the approximate
area of some deserts.
(i) Write down the name of the desert with

the largest area.

(ii) Calculate the total area of the Arabian and

Kalahari deserts. Give your answer in standard form. [May22/V11/Q14]
33. (a) Evaluate 7−3 ÷ 7−4 (b) Find the value of 𝑘 when (36 )𝑘 = 32

(c) Simplify 3(22 × 33 × 54 )2

Give your answer in the form 2𝑎 × 3𝑏 × 5𝑐 [May22/V11/Q15]

34. 𝑦 is inversely proportional to (𝑥 + 1)2 .

Given that 𝑦 = 2 when 𝑥 = 3, find 𝑦 when 𝑥 = 9. [May22/V11/Q21]

35. Factorise.

(a) 5𝑎𝑥 − 3𝑎𝑦 − 10𝑐𝑥 + 6𝑐𝑦 (b) 15𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 − 4 [May22/V11/Q22]

3𝑥+2
36. 𝑦 = 2𝑥−1 Rearrange the formula to make 𝑥 the subject. [May22/V11/Q23]
2 1
37. Work out: (a) 3
+6 (b) 0.4 × 0.2 [May22/V12/Q1]

38. (a) Write 0.002 035 61 correct to 3 significant figures.

(b) By writing each number correct to 1 significant figure,

√3.93×63.7
estimate the value of 0.425
[May22/V12/Q12]

3 2
39.(a) Evaluate (√9 × √64)

(b) Write down an irrational value of n that satisfies this inequality 4.5 ≤ 𝑛 ≤ 5.5 [May22/V12/Q13]

40. (a) Write these numbers in order of size, starting with the smallest.

2000 0.002 2 × 10−4 2 × 10−2

(b) This is a calculation using numbers in standard form: 𝑎 × 10−7 ÷ 5 × 10𝑏 = 4 × 10−16

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⨀ Mathematics-D | Revision Worksheet

Find the value of a and the value of b. [May22/V12/Q14]

41. 𝑦 is directly proportional to (𝑥 − 1)2 . When 𝑥 = 5, 𝑦 = 32.

Find the value of 𝑦 when 𝑥 = −2. [May22/V12/Q15]
1
16 −2
42. (a) Factorise 4𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 6, (b) Simplify (𝑥 6 ) . [May22/V12/Q21]

43. The scale of a map is 2 cm to 1 km. The area of a wood on the map is 6 cm2 .
Calculate the actual area of the wood in km2. [May22/V11/Q17]

44. The scale drawing shows the positions of two villages, A and B. The scale is 1 cm to 2 km.

(a) Find the actual distance between village A and village B.

(b) Measure the bearing of B from A. [May22/V12/Q5]

45. Kabir invests $250 in a savings account.

The account pays simple interest at a rate of 1.5% per year.
Calculate the total amount of interest he will receive at the end of 4 years [May22/V12/Q6]

46. The area of the rectangle is 9 cm2.

The area of the triangle is 85mm2.

Calculate the shaded area.
Give your answer in cm2. [May22/V12/Q7]

47. A bag contains red balls, blue balls and green balls.
The ratio red: blue = 3: 8. The ratio green: blue = 2: 5.
Work out the fraction of the balls that are blue. [May22/V12/Q10]

48. The scale drawing shows a plot of land, 𝑃𝑄𝑅𝑆. The scale is 1cm to 20m.

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⨀ Mathematics-D | Revision Worksheet

(a) A path crosses the land. The path is equidistant from 𝑆𝑃 and 𝑆𝑅.

Use a straight edge and compasses only to construct the path.

(b) Priya walks from point 𝑃 to the path on a bearing of 104°.

(i) Draw a line to represent Priya’s walk.

(ii) Find the actual distance from 𝑃 to where Priya meets the path.

(c) A car park is to be built on the plot of land.

On the scale drawing area of the car park will be 2𝑐𝑚2 .

Find the actual area of the car park. [Nov22/V12/Q14]

50. (a) The 𝑛th term of a sequence is 3𝑛2 − 1. Find the first three terms of the sequence.

(b) These are the first five terms of a different sequence.

1 3 9 27 81
Find an expression, in terms of 𝑛, for the nth term of this sequence. [Nov22/V11/Q13]

51. Shani makes a sequence of patterns using counters.

(a) Complete the table.

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⨀ Mathematics-D | Revision Worksheet

(b) Find an expression, in terms of 𝑛, for the number of counters in Pattern 𝑛.

(c) Shani has 100 counters. She uses some of the counters to make Pattern 20.
She uses all the remaining counters to make Pattern 𝑘. Find the value of 𝑘. [May22/V12/Q9]
52. This is the term-to-term rule for a sequence.

Square and subtract 5

The second and third terms in this sequence are −1 and −4.

(a) Write down the fourth term in this sequence.

(b) Write down the two possible values for the first term in this sequence. [May21/V11/Q14]

53. Here are the first four terms of a sequence. Find an expression for the 𝑛th term of the

sequence.
12 17 22 27
[May21/V12/Q20]
16 25 36 49

54.

The diagram shows a sequence of patterns.

Each pattern has one more row, and two more dots in each row, than the pattern before it.

(a) On the diagram, draw Pattern 4.

(b) (i) Complete the table for the first four patterns in this sequence.

(ii) Find an expression, in terms of 𝑛, for 𝑝.

(iii) Find an expression, in terms of 𝑛, for 𝑞.

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⨀ Mathematics-D | Revision Worksheet

(iv) Find an expression, in terms of 𝑛, for the total number of dots in pattern 𝑛. [Nov20/V12/Q20]
55. Some numbers are arranged in rows.
Each row contains one more number than the previous row.
The numbers in each row are two more than the numbers in the previous row.
Row 1 3 3
Row 2 5 5 5
Row 3 7 7 7 7
Row 4 9 9 9 9 9
Row 5
(a) Complete Row 5.
(b) Write down an expression, in terms of 𝑛, for each number in Row 𝑛.
(c) Write down an expression, in terms of 𝑛, for the number of numbers in Row 𝑛.
(d) Write down an expression, in terms of 𝑛, for the sum of the numbers in Row 𝑛. [Nov20/V11/Q18]
56. A solid cone has radius 𝑦 cm.

The slant height of the cone is 25% larger than the radius of the cone.

A solid sphere has radius 𝑅 cm.

The surface area of the sphere is equal to the total surface area of the cone.
4𝑅
(a) Show that 𝑦 = . (b) Find the volume of the cone in terms of 𝑅.
3

Give your answer as simply as possible. [Nov22/V11/Q23]

57. Two cubes have a total volume of 152 cm3. One cube has an edge of length 5 cm.
(a) Calculate the length of the edge of the other cube.

(b) Work out the total length of all of the edges of the larger cube. [May22/V11/Q4]

58. The diagram shows the net of a solid drawn on a 1 cm grid.

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⨀ Mathematics-D | Revision Worksheet

Name the solid formed by this net and describe fully the dimensions of this solid.

Name of solid .................................................

Dimensions ..................................................... [May22/V11/Q5]

59. The diagram shows the major sector of a circle with

centre O and radius 3 cm.

Calculate the area of this sector.

Give your answer in the form 𝑘r, where 𝑘 is an integer. [May22/V12/Q23]

60. The diagram shows trapezium 𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷. 𝐴𝐵 = 7cm and

𝐷𝐶 = 10cm. The area of 𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷 is 85 cm2.

The perpendicular height of the trapezium is h cm.

Find the value of ℎ.

[May21/V11/Q7]

61. The base of a cuboid is a square with side length 4 cm. The volume of the cuboid is 48 cm3.

On the grid, complete the accurate drawing of the net of the cuboid. The base is drawn for you.

[May21/V12/Q6]

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62. (a) In the Venn diagram, shade the region represented by 𝐴 ∩ 𝐵.

(b) This Venn diagram shows information about the number of students who study English (E), Spanish (S)

and German (G).

(i) Find the number of students who study English and German but not Spanish.

(ii) Find 𝑛(𝐺 ∪ 𝑆)′ .

[Nov22/V11/Q9]

63. (a) In the Venn diagram, shade the region represented by 𝑃 ∩ 𝑄’.

(b) A club has 32 members. 14 of the members are female

and 18 of the members are male. 5 of the females have black hair.

6 of the males have black hair.

𝜀 = {𝑚𝑒𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑙𝑢𝑏}
𝐹 = {𝑓𝑒𝑚𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠}
𝐵 = {𝑚𝑒𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟𝑠 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑏𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑘 ℎ𝑎𝑖𝑟}

Complete the Venn diagram to show this information. [May22/V11/Q18]

64. (a) 𝜀 = {𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, 𝑑, 𝑒, 𝑓, 𝑔, ℎ, 𝑖, 𝑗}

𝑃 = {𝑎, 𝑒, 𝑖}, 𝑄 = {𝑓, 𝑔, ℎ, 𝑖, 𝑗}, 𝑅 = {𝑐, 𝑑, 𝑒, 𝑓, 𝑔}
(i) Find 𝑃 ∪ 𝑄

(ii) Find (𝑃′ ∩ (𝑄 ∪ 𝑅))

(b) Use set notation to describe the shaded subset in the Venn diagram.

[May22/V12/Q19]

65. A farmer records the mass of each of his sheep.

Some of the results are summarized in the table and illustrated in the histogram.

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(a) Use the histogram to find the value of 𝑎, (b) Complete the histogram. [Nov22/V11/Q20]

66. The table shows some information about the times each of 100 children spent reading in one day.

(a) Find the value of 𝑥 in the interval 𝑥 < 𝑡 ≤ 30.

(b) On the grid, draw a histogram to represent the data for the 100 children.

[Nov22/V12/Q20]

67. 20 students were asked how many pets they owned. The responses are shown in the table.

(a) Find the median number of pets.

(b) Calculate the mean number of pets. [May22/V11/Q7]

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68. The table below shows the monthly rent for nine apartments and the distance of these apartments from

the city centre.

(a) Complete the scatter diagram. The first four points have been plotted for you.
(b) What type of correlation is shown on the scatter diagram?

(c) On the scatter diagram, draw a line of best fit.

(d) Use your line of best fit to estimate the monthly rent for an
apartment which is 4 km from the city centre. [May22/V11/Q10]

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69. Asha asks a group of students about their favorite fruit.

The table and pictogram show some of the results.

(a) Complete the table and pictogram.

(b) Write down the mode. [May22/V12/Q2]

70. (a) A football team recorded the number of goals scored in each of their 20 games. The Table shows

the results.

Number of
0 1 2 3 4
goals scored
Frequency 6 5 4 4 1

(i) Write down the mode.

(ii) Find the median.

(b) In the football team

• The 2 tallest players have a mean mass of 75 kg.

• The 8 shortest players have a mean mass of 60 kg.

Calculate the mean mass of these 10 players.

[Nov 20/11/Q10]

71. The times, 𝑡 minutes, taken by some people to travel to work are shown in the table.

Time (𝒕 minutes) 10 < 𝑡 ≤ 20 20 < 𝑡 ≤ 25 25 < 𝑡 ≤ 30 30 < 𝑡 ≤ 50

Frequency 16 15 10 12
[Nov 20/11/Q19]

On the grid, draw a histogram to represent this data.

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72. These are the minimum temperatures, in ℃, recorded by a weather station each day during one week.

−2.3 −4.6 −1.2 −0.7 −1.4 −2.4 −3.5

(a) Find the range of these temperatures.

(b) How many of these temperatures are between −4℃ and −2℃? [Nov 20/12/Q6]

73. 100 batteries are tested to see how long they last.

The table shows the results.

Complete the histogram to show this information.

[May23/V11/Q24]

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74. A group of 60 students were each asked their favorite fruit. The results are shown in the table.

Fruit Frequency
Apple 20
Banana 25

Orange 15
Complete the pie chart to show the results.

[May21/V12/Q3]

75. A group of office workers are each asked to record the distance, 𝑑 kilometers, they

travel to work. The results for some of their journeys are shown in the histogram.

There were 20 workers in the 0 < 𝑑 ≤ 5 group.

(a) There were 12 workers in the 20 < 𝑑 ≤ 40 group. Complete the histogram

(b) Calculate the percentage of workers who travelled more than 20 km to work. [May21/V12/Q24]

76. Azra has a spinner. The sections are colored red, blue, yellow or green.

The relative frequency of the spinner landing on red, blue or yellow is shown in the table.

(a) Find the relative frequency of the spinner landing on green.

(b) Azra spins the spinner 150 times.

How many times would she expect the spinner to land on blue. [Nov22/V12/Q11]

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77. (a) 100 adults were asked the color of their car.
The results are shown in the table.

Write down the relative frequency that one of these cars is blue.
(b) A different group of 1200 adults were asked the color of their car.
The relative frequency of one of these adults owning a white car is 0.3.
Find the number of these adults who own a white car. [May22/V11/Q11]

78. A bag contains these 9 letter tiles.

(a) Nur takes one tile from the bag at random.

She notes the letter and then puts the tile back in the bag.
Find the probability that she does not take a letter E.

(b) Nur now takes two of the 9 letter tiles at random without replacement.
Find the probability that both tiles show the same letter. [May22/V12/Q22]

79. (a) In a survey, 3 out of every 100 women were taller than 1.9 m. One of these 100 women is

picked at random. Calculate the probability that she is not taller than 1.9 m.

(b) A new housing estate is being planned. There are three possible plans: 𝐴, 𝐵 and 𝐶. A survey was

carried out to see which plan people preferred. The relative frequency table shows the results.

52 people preferred plan 𝐶.

(i) Find how many people preferred plan 𝐴.

(ii) Calculate the total number of people surveyed. [May21/V11/Q11]

80. A bag contains colored counters. A counter is taken from the bag at random. The table shows the

probabilities of taking a counter of each color. Complete the table. [May21/V12/Q7]

Color Red Green Blue Yellow

Probability 0.15 0.3 0.42

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81. The diagram shows three boxes containing beads.

Each box contains 3 black beads and 6 white beads. Tim takes at random a bead from box 𝐀 and puts it

into box 𝐁. He then takes at random a bead from box 𝐁 and puts it into box 𝐂. Finally, he takes at random a

bead from box 𝐂 and puts it into box 𝐀. Calculate the probability that there are still 3 black beads and 6

white beads in each of the three boxes

82. The integer 𝑁 is greater than 120. When 𝑁 is divided by 28 the remainder is 3. When 𝑁 is divided by 120

the remainder is 3. Find the least value of 𝑁. You must show your working.

83. 𝑁 = 2 𝑝 × 5𝑞 × 7𝑟 and 500 = 22 × 53 .

The highest common factor of 𝑁 and 500 is 22 × 52 . The lowest common multiple of 𝑁 and 500

is 23 × 53 × 7. Find 𝑝, 𝑞 and 𝑟.

84. There are 12 marbles in bag 𝐴 and 15 marbles in bag 𝐵.

In bag 𝐴, there are 7 yellow marbles and 5 red marbles. In bag 𝐵, there are 10 yellow marbles and 5 red

marbles. Eugene takes at random one marble from bag 𝐴 and without looking at the marble puts the

marble into bag 𝐵. Eugene then takes at random one marble from bag 𝐴 and takes at random two marbles

from bag 𝐵. He places the three marbles on a table. Calculate the probability that the three marbles on the

table all have the same colour.

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Answers:
𝑥+13 4 13 27 11
[1](a) −2, (b) (𝑥−2)(2𝑥+1) , [2] 0.54, [3] 5 , 15 , 30 , 12 , [4](a) (i) 306.25, (ii) 310, (b) 71, [5](a) 45 , (b) 5,

1 4
(c) 16𝑥 12, [6](a) 8 , (b) 2 5 , [7] 3𝑎(𝑎 + 4), [8](a) 3.2 × 108, (b) 5 × 10−13, [9](a) 23 × 3 × 5, (b) 35,

[10](a) −2𝑥 − 3, (b) 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 15, [11] 50, [12](a) 𝑎 = −3, 𝑏 = −16, (b) 𝑥 = 7, −1, [13](a) 4000, (b) 10,
1 1
[14](b) −24, [15] 0.000754, [16](a) 15 , (b) 20 , [17] 30, [18](a) 22 × 3 × 5 × 7, (b) 84, [19](b) 𝑛 > 5,

1 1 16 𝑥
[20] 13, [21](a) 𝑥 6 , (b) ± 3 , (c) 2 , [22] 125, [23] 9
, [24](a) (3𝑝 + 𝑞)(3𝑝 − 𝑞), (b) (𝑎 − 3𝑏)(𝑐 + 1), [25] 𝑥+3

1 9
[26](a) 50 000, (b) 35 690, [27](a) 11 or 13, (b) √145, [28](a) , (b) , [29] 3300, 34, 32 000, 3.1,
15 10

17𝑏
[30] 0.15, [31](a)(i) 𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 12, (ii) 𝑥 + 12, (b) 9
, [32](a) 8.63 × 10−4 , (b)(i) Antarctica, (ii) 3.2 × 106 ,

1 2+𝑦
[33](a) 7, (b) 3 , (c) 24 × 37 × 58 , [34] 0.32, [35](a) (5𝑥 − 3𝑦)(𝑎 − 2𝑐), (b) (3𝑥 + 1)(5𝑥 − 4), [36] 2𝑦−3 ,

5
[37](a) 6 , (b) 0.08, [38](a) 0.00204, (b) 300, [39](a) 144, (b) √26 , [40](a) 2 × 10−4 , 0.002 , 2 × 10−2 ,

𝑥3
2000, (b) 𝑎 = 2, 𝑏 = 8, [41] 18, [42](a) (4𝑥 − 3)(𝑥 + 2), (b) 4
, [43] 1.5, [44](a) 18.2 to 19, (b) 071 to 075,
40
[45] 15, [46] 8.15, [47] , [48](b)(ii) 152 to 160, (c) 800, [49] Diagram, [50](a) 2, 11, 26, (b) 3𝑛−1 ,
71

5𝑛+7
[51](a) 14, 17, (b) 3𝑛 + 2, (c) 12, [52](a) 11, (b) ±2, [53] (𝑛+3)2 , [54](b)(ii) 𝑛 + 1, (iii) 2𝑛 − 1,

16𝜋𝑅3
(iv) (𝑛 + 1)(2𝑛 − 1), [55](b) 2𝑛 + 1, (c) 𝑛 + 1, (d) (2𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 1), [56](b) 27
, [57](a) 3, (b) 60,

[58] Cylinder, radius (1.5 cm), height (6 cm), [59] 7𝜋, [60] 10, [61] Diagram, [62](b)(i) 5, (ii) 15, [63] Diagram,

[64](a)(i) {a, e, f, g, h, i, j}, (ii) 6, (b) 𝐴 ∩ 𝐶 ∩ 𝐵′, [65](a) 20, [66](a) 10, [67](a) 1, (b) 1.8, [68](b) Negative,

(d) 4 km, [69](b) Banana, [70](a)(i) 0, (ii) 1, (b) 63, [71] Histogram, [72](a) 3.9, (b) 3, [73] Histogram, [74] Pie
7 1
Chart, [75](b) 15, [76](a) 0.35, (b) 45, [77](a) 0.23, (b) 360, [78](a) 9 , (b) 9 , [79](a) 0.97, (b)(i) 78, (ii) 260,

19 571
[80] 0.13, [81] 50 , [82] 843, [83] 𝑝 = 3, 𝑞 = 2, 𝑟 = 1, [84] 1056 .

18 | F A I S A L M I Z A N