‭Computer science Assignment‬

‭Q1. Output generated by code‬

‭Question:‬
‭What will the following code output?‬

python‬
‭

string =‬‭
‭ "aabbcc"‬
count =‬‭
‭ 3‬
while‬‭
‭ True:‬
if‬‭
‭ string ==‬‭
'a'‬
:‬
‭
string = string[‬
‭ 2‭
‭:‬]‬
elif‬‭
‭ string[-‬
1‬
‭ ] ==‬‭
‭ 'b'‬
:‬
‭
string = string[:‬
‭ 2‬
‭ ]‬
‭
else‬
‭ :‬
‭
count +=‬‭
‭ 1‬
break‬
‭
print‬
‭ (string)‬
‭
print‬
‭ (count)‬
‭

‭Answer:‬

text‬
‭

bbcc‬
‭
4‬
‭

‭Q2. String slicing code output‬

‭Question:‬
‭Output for:‬

python‬
‭

x =‬‭
‭ "helloworld"‬
print‬
‭ (x[:‬
‭ 2‬
‭ ], x[:-‬
‭ 2‬
‭ ], x[-‬
‭ 2‭
‭:‬])‬
print‬
‭ (x[‬
‭ 6‭
‭]‬, x[‬
2‭
‭ :
‬‭
4‬‭
]
‬)‬
print‬
‭ (x[‬
‭ 2‭
‭:‬-‬
3‭
‭ ]
‬, x[-‬
4‭
‭ :
‬-‬
2‬
‭ ])‬
‭

‭Answer:‬

text‬
‭

he hellowor ld‬
‭
o ll‬
‭
llowo or‬
‭

‭Q3. Output of custom message loop code‬

‭Question:‬
‭Find the output of the following loop with Msg1, Msg2, Msg3.‬

‭Answer:‬
‭Analyzing each character, output is:‬

text‬
‭

G*L*TM E‬
‭

‭Q4. Corrected loop code (syntax errors underlined)‬

‭Question:‬
‭Rewrite with corrections and underline each change.‬

python‬
‭

30‬‭
‭ = To‬
For K‬‭
‭ in‬‭
range‬
(‭
‭ 0
‬‭
,‬ To)‬
If K%‬
‭ 4‭
‭=‬‬
0‭
‭:‬‬
print‬
‭ (K*‬
‭ 4‭
‭)‬‬
Else:‬
‭
print‬
‭ (K+‬
‭ 3‭
‭)‬‬

‭Answer:‬

python‬
‭

To =‬‭
‭ 30‬ ‭
# corrected assignment‬
for‬‭
‭ K‬‭
in‬‭
range‬
(‭
‭ 0
‬‭
,‬ To):‬ ‭
# corrected for syntax, colon‬
if‬‭
‭ K %‬‭
4‬‭
==‬‭
0‭
:
‬‬ # corrected if, ==, colon‬
‭
print‬
‭ (K *‬‭
‭ 4‭
)‬‬ # indentation‬
‭
else‬
‭ :‬
‭ # colon‬
‭
print‬
‭ (K +‬‭
‭ 3‭
)‬‬ # indentation‬
‭

‭Q5. Corrected code with all syntax fixes underlined‬

‭Question:‬
‭Rewrite with corrections and underline each change.‬

‭Answer:‬

python‬
‭

a =‬‭
‭ 5‬
work = True‬
‭ # capital T‬
‭
b =‬‭
‭ "hello"‬ # quotes around string‬
‭
c = b * a‬
‭ # repeat string‬
‭
for‬‭
‭ i‬‭
in‬‭
range‬
(‭
‭ 1
‬0‬
):‬
‭ # lowercase for, add colon‬
‭
if‬‭
‭ i %‬‭
7‬‭
==‬‭
0‭
:
‬‬ # == not =‬
‭
continue‬
‭

‭Q6. Corrected for loop for names‬

‭Question:‬
‭Rewrite with corrections and underline.‬

‭Answer:‬

python‬
‭

for‬‭
‭ Name‬‭
in‬‭
[‭
"‬Ramesh"‬
,‬‭
‭ "Suraj"‬
,‬‭
‭ "Priya"‬
]:‬
‭ # quotes,‬‭
‭ colon‬
if‬‭
‭ Name ==‬‭
'S'‬
:‬
‭ # if, ==,‬‭
‭ colon‬
print‬
‭ (Name)‬
‭ # indentation‬
‭

‭Q7. Corrected code with loop and print options‬

‭Question:‬
‭Rewrite with corrections and underline.‬

python‬
‭

a = b =‬‭
‭ 10‬
c = a + b‬
‭
While c =<‬‭
‭ 20‬
:‬
‭
print‬
‭ (c, END=‬
‭ "*"‬
‭ )‬
‭
c +=‬‭
‭ 10‬
‭Answer:‬

python‬
‭

a = b =‬‭
‭ 10‬
c = a + b‬
‭
while‬‭
‭ c <=‬‭
20‬
:‬
‭ # lowercase, <= not‬‭
‭ =<‬
print‬
‭ (c, end=‬
‭ "*"‬
‭ )‬
‭ # end, not END‬
‭
c +=‬‭
‭ 10‬

‭Q8. Which printed outputs are possible from random‬

‭code?‬
‭Question:‬
‭Given the code below:‬

python‬
‭

a = random.randint(‬
‭ 1‭
‭,‬‭
5
‬‬)‬
‭
b = random.randint(‬
‭ 1‭
‭,‬‭
3
‬‬)‬
‭
c = random.randint(‬
‭ 2‭
‭,‬‭
6
‬‬)‬
‭
print‬
‭ (a, b, c)‬
‭

‭Which outputs are possible?‬

‭(i) 213 (ii) 444 (iii) 321 (iv) 535‬

‭Answer:‬
‭Possible: (i) 213 and (iv) 535‬
‭Not possible: (ii) and (iii) due to out-of-range values‬
‭Q9. Output with n = 10 and 11‬
‭Question:‬
‭For n=10 or 11, what is output?‬

python‬
‭

i =‬‭
‭ 2‬
while‬‭
‭ i < n:‬
if‬‭
‭ i %‬‭
5‬‭
==‬‭
0‭
:
‬‬
break‬
‭
print‬
‭ (i)‬
‭
i +=‬‭
‭ 1‬
else‬
‭ :‬
‭
print‬
‭ (‬
‭ "done"‬
‭ )‬
‭

‭Answer:‬

text‬
‭

2‬
‭
3‬
‭
4‬
‭

‭(The loop breaks when i=5 and does not reach the else)‬

‭Q10. Difference between List and Tuple‬

‭Answer:‬

‭‬ L
● ‭ ist: Ordered, mutable sequence; can change elements.‬
‭●‬ ‭Tuple: Ordered, immutable sequence; cannot modify after creation.‬
‭Q11. Ordered vs Unordered Collection‬
‭Answer:‬

‭●‬ ‭Ordered collection: Elements have a fixed, readable order. Example: List‬
[1,2,3]‬
‭ ‭, Tuple‬‭
(1,2,3)‬ ‭.‬
‭●‬ ‭Unordered collection: No intrinsic order. Example: Set‬‭ ‭, Dictionary‬
{1,2,3}‬
‭keys‬‭
{"a":1, "b":2}‬ ‭.‬

‭Q12. Dictionary operations‬

‭Question:‬
‭Employee = {“Empno‟:1,‟Name‟:‟Snehil‟,‟Salary‟:80000}‬
‭Write statements:‬
‭(i) Print employee name‬
‭(ii) Update salary to 90000‬
‭(iii) Get all values‬

‭Answer:‬

python‬
‭

print‬
‭ (Employee[‬
‭ "Name"‬
‭ ])‬
‭ # (i)‬
‭
Employee[‬
‭ "Salary"‬
‭ ] =‬‭
‭ 90000‬ # (ii)‬
‭
print‬
‭ (Employee.values())‬
‭ # (iii)‬
‭

‭Chapter: Functions‬

‭1. Area of triangle function‬

python‬
‭
def‬‭
‭ triangle_area(base, height):‬
return‬‭
‭ 0.5‬‭
* base * height‬

‭2. Title case function‬

python‬
‭

def‬‭
‭ title_case(sentence):‬
return‬‭
‭ sentence.title()‬

‭3. deleteChar() function‬

python‬
‭

def‬‭
‭ deleteChar(string, ch):‬
return‬‭
‭ string.replace(ch,‬‭
""‬
)‬
‭

‭4. Occurrences of substring using find()‬

python‬
‭

line =‬‭
‭ "banana bandana"‬
substring =‬‭
‭ "ana"‬
count =‬‭
‭ 0‬
start =‬‭
‭ 0‬
while‬‭
‭ True:‬
pos = line.find(substring, start)‬
‭
if‬‭
‭ pos == -‬
1‭
‭:‬‬
break‬
‭
count +=‬‭
‭ 1‬
start = pos +‬‭
‭ 1‬
print‬
‭ (count)‬
‭
‭5. Replace vowels in string‬
python‬
‭

def‬‭
‭ replace_vowels(st):‬
vowels =‬‭
‭ "aeiouAEIOU"‬
return‬‭
‭ ""‬
.join([‬
‭ '*'‬‭
‭ if‬‭
ch‬‭
in‬‭
vowels‬‭
else‬‭
ch‬‭
for‬‭
ch‬‭
in‬‭
st])‬

‭6. Positional vs Keyword arg (example)‬

‭‬ P
● ‭ ositional: Provided by position.‬
‭●‬ ‭Keyword: Provided by name.‬
‭Example:‬

python‬
‭

def‬‭
‭ greet(name, msg):‬
print‬
‭ (name, msg)‬
‭
greet(‬
‭ "Alice"‬
‭ , msg=‬
‭ "Hello"‬
‭ )‬‭
‭ # keyword‬

‭7. Length of longest word‬

python‬
‭

def‬‭
‭ longest_word(words):‬
return‬‭
‭ max‬
([‬
‭ len‬
‭ (word)‬‭
‭ for‬‭
word‬‭
in‬‭
words])‬

‭8. Output of fun1 (nonlocal/global error)‬

python‬
‭

def‬‭
‭ fun1():‬
x =‬‭
‭ 100‬
def‬‭
‭ fun2():‬
x =‬‭
‭ 200‬
 print‬
‭ (‬
‭ "Before calling fun2:"‬‭
‭ +‬‭
str‬
(x))‬
‭
print‬
‭ (‬
‭ "Calling fun2 now:"‬
‭ )‬
‭
fun2()‬
‭
print‬
‭ (‬
‭ "After calling fun2:"‬‭
‭ +‬‭
str‬
(x))‬
‭
x =‬‭
‭ 50‬
fun1()‬
‭
print‬
‭ (‭
‭"‬x in main:"‬‭
+‬‭
str‬
(x))‬
‭

‭Output:‬

text‬
‭

Before calling fun2:100‬

‭
Calling fun2 now:‬
‭
After calling fun2:100‬
‭
x in main:50‬
‭

‭9. Actual vs Formal parameters‬

‭ ‬ ‭Actual: Supplied during function call.‬
●
‭●‬ ‭Formal: Declared in function definition.‬
python‬
‭

def‬‭
‭ add(a, b):‬ ‭
# formal‬
return‬‭
‭ a + b‬
add(‬
‭ 2‬
‭ ,‬‭
‭ 3‭
)‬‬ # actual‬
‭

‭10. Default arguments‬

‭Arguments in a function with default value used if not provided.‬

python‬
‭

def‬‭
‭ func(a, b=‬
10‬
‭ ):‬‭
‭ # b is default‬
return‬‭
‭ a + b‬
func(‬
‭ 5‭
‭)‬‬‭
# uses default 10‬
‭11. Local vs Global variable‬
‭‬ L
● ‭ ocal: Defined inside function, accessible only there.‬
‭●‬ ‭Global: Defined outside, accessible everywhere.‬

‭12. Output for power/calcSquare‬

python‬
‭

def‬‭
‭ power(b, P):‬
r = b ** P‬
‭
return‬‭
‭ r‬
def‬‭
‭ calcSquare(a):‬
a = power(a,‬‭
‭ 2‬)‬
‭
return‬‭
‭ a‬
n =‬‭
‭ 5‬
result = calcSquare(n)‬
‭
print‬
‭ (result)‬
‭

‭Output:‬

text‬
‭

25‬
‭

‭This content is formatted for easy reading and conversion to PDF. Each answer is‬
‭cited and sectioned for clarity.‬

‭Related‬
‭ ow can I convert code output into a PDF document in Python‬
H
‭What tools or libraries are best for compiling code explanations into a single‬
‭document‬
‭How to generate a summarized PDF report from multiple coding examples‬
‭ an I automate the creation of a PDF with formatted code and explanations‬
C
‭What are the recommended methods for combining multiple outputs into one file‬

‭Q1. Output generated by code‬

‭Question:‬
‭What will the following code output?‬

python‬
‭

string =‬‭
‭ "aabbcc"‬
count =‬‭
‭ 3‬
while‬‭
‭ True:‬
if‬‭
‭ string ==‬‭
'a'‬
:‬
‭
string = string[‬
‭ 2‭
‭:‬]‬
elif‬‭
‭ string[-‬
1‬
‭ ] ==‬‭
‭ 'b'‬
:‬
‭
string = string[:‬
‭ 2‬
‭ ]‬
‭
else‬
‭ :‬
‭
count +=‬‭
‭ 1‬
break‬
‭
print‬
‭ (string)‬
‭
print‬
‭ (count)‬
‭

‭Answer:‬

text‬
‭

bbcc‬
‭
4‬
‭

‭Q2. String slicing code output‬

‭Question:‬
‭Output for:‬
python‬
‭

x =‬‭
‭ "helloworld"‬
print‬
‭ (x[:‬
‭ 2‬
‭ ], x[:-‬
‭ 2‬
‭ ], x[-‬
‭ 2‭
‭:‬])‬
print‬
‭ (x[‬
‭ 6‭
‭]‬, x[‬
2‭
‭ :
‬‭
4‬‭
]
‬)‬
print‬
‭ (x[‬
‭ 2‭
‭:‬-‬
3‭
‭ ]
‬, x[-‬
4‭
‭ :
‬-‬
2‬
‭ ])‬
‭

‭Answer:‬

text‬
‭

he hellowor ld‬
‭
o ll‬
‭
llowo or‬
‭

‭Q3. Output of custom message loop code‬

‭Question:‬
‭Find the output of the following loop with Msg1, Msg2, Msg3.‬

‭Answer:‬
‭Analyzing each character, output is:‬

text‬
‭

G*L*TM E‬
‭

‭Q4. Corrected loop code (syntax errors underlined)‬

‭Question:‬
‭Rewrite with corrections and underline each change.‬
python‬
‭

30‬‭
‭ = To‬
For K‬‭
‭ in‬‭
range‬
(‭
‭ 0
‬‭
,‬ To)‬
If K%‬
‭ 4‭
‭=‬‬
0‭
‭:‬‬
print‬
‭ (K*‬
‭ 4‭
‭)‬‬
Else:‬
‭
print‬
‭ (K+‬
‭ 3‭
‭)‬‬

‭Answer:‬

python‬
‭

To =‬‭
‭ 30‬ ‭
# corrected assignment‬
for‬‭
‭ K‬‭
in‬‭
range‬
(‭
‭ 0
‬‭
,‬ To):‬ ‭
# corrected for syntax, colon‬
if‬‭
‭ K %‬‭
4‬‭
==‬‭
0‭
:
‬‬ # corrected if, ==, colon‬
‭
print‬
‭ (K *‬‭
‭ 4‭
)‬‬ # indentation‬
‭
else‬
‭ :‬
‭ # colon‬
‭
print‬
‭ (K +‬‭
‭ 3‭
)‬‬ # indentation‬
‭

‭Q5. Corrected code with all syntax fixes underlined‬

‭Question:‬
‭Rewrite with corrections and underline each change.‬

‭Answer:‬

python‬
‭

a =‬‭
‭ 5‬
work = True‬
‭ # capital T‬
‭
b =‬‭
‭ "hello"‬ # quotes around string‬
‭
c = b * a‬
‭ # repeat string‬
‭
for‬‭
‭ i‬‭
in‬‭
range‬
(‭
‭ 1
‬0‬
):‬
‭ # lowercase for, add colon‬
‭
if‬‭
‭ i %‬‭
7‬‭
==‬‭
0‭
:
‬‬ # == not =‬
‭
 continue‬
‭

‭Q6. Corrected for loop for names‬

‭Question:‬
‭Rewrite with corrections and underline.‬

‭Answer:‬

python‬
‭

for‬‭
‭ Name‬‭
in‬‭
[‭
"‬Ramesh"‬
,‬‭
‭ "Suraj"‬
,‬‭
‭ "Priya"‬
]:‬
‭ # quotes,‬‭
‭ colon‬
if‬‭
‭ Name ==‬‭
'S'‬
:‬
‭ # if, ==,‬‭
‭ colon‬
print‬
‭ (Name)‬
‭ # indentation‬
‭

‭Q7. Corrected code with loop and print options‬

‭Question:‬
‭Rewrite with corrections and underline.‬

python‬
‭

a = b =‬‭
‭ 10‬
c = a + b‬
‭
While c =<‬‭
‭ 20‬
:‬
‭
print‬
‭ (c, END=‬
‭ "*"‬
‭ )‬
‭
c +=‬‭
‭ 10‬

‭Answer:‬

python‬
‭
a = b =‬‭
‭ 10‬
c = a + b‬
‭
while‬‭
‭ c <=‬‭
20‬
:‬
‭ # lowercase, <= not‬‭
‭ =<‬
print‬
‭ (c, end=‬
‭ "*"‬
‭ )‬
‭ # end, not END‬
‭
c +=‬‭
‭ 10‬

‭Q8. Which printed outputs are possible from random‬

‭code?‬
‭Question:‬
‭Given the code below:‬

python‬
‭

a = random.randint(‬
‭ 1‭
‭,‬‭
5
‬‬)‬
‭
b = random.randint(‬
‭ 1‭
‭,‬‭
3
‬‬)‬
‭
c = random.randint(‬
‭ 2‭
‭,‬‭
6
‬‬)‬
‭
print‬
‭ (a, b, c)‬
‭

‭Which outputs are possible?‬

‭(i) 213 (ii) 444 (iii) 321 (iv) 535‬

‭Answer:‬
‭Possible: (i) 213 and (iv) 535‬
‭Not possible: (ii) and (iii) due to out-of-range values‬

‭Q9. Output with n = 10 and 11‬

‭Question:‬
‭For n=10 or 11, what is output?‬

python‬
‭

i =‬‭
‭ 2‬
while‬‭
‭ i < n:‬
if‬‭
‭ i %‬‭
5‬‭
==‬‭
0‭
:
‬‬
break‬
‭
print‬
‭ (i)‬
‭
i +=‬‭
‭ 1‬
else‬
‭ :‬
‭
print‬
‭ (‬
‭ "done"‬
‭ )‬
‭

‭Answer:‬

text‬
‭

2‬
‭
3‬
‭
4‬
‭

‭(The loop breaks when i=5 and does not reach the else)‬

‭Q10. Difference between List and Tuple‬

‭Answer:‬

‭‬ L
● ‭ ist: Ordered, mutable sequence; can change elements.‬
‭●‬ ‭Tuple: Ordered, immutable sequence; cannot modify after creation.‬

‭Q11. Ordered vs Unordered Collection‬

‭Answer:‬

‭●‬ ‭Ordered collection: Elements have a fixed, readable order. Example: List‬
[1,2,3]‬
‭ ‭, Tuple‬‭
(1,2,3)‬ ‭.‬
‭●‬ ‭Unordered collection: No intrinsic order. Example: Set‬‭ ‭, Dictionary‬
{1,2,3}‬
‭keys‬‭
{"a":1, "b":2}‬ ‭.‬

‭Q12. Dictionary operations‬

‭Question:‬
‭Employee = {“Empno‟:1,‟Name‟:‟Snehil‟,‟Salary‟:80000}‬
‭Write statements:‬
‭(i) Print employee name‬
‭(ii) Update salary to 90000‬
‭(iii) Get all values‬

‭Answer:‬

python‬
‭

print‬
‭ (Employee[‬
‭ "Name"‬
‭ ])‬
‭ # (i)‬
‭
Employee[‬
‭ "Salary"‬
‭ ] =‬‭
‭ 90000‬ # (ii)‬
‭
print‬
‭ (Employee.values())‬
‭ # (iii)‬
‭

‭Chapter: Functions‬

‭1. Area of triangle function‬

python‬
‭

def‬‭
‭ triangle_area(base, height):‬
return‬‭
‭ 0.5‬‭
* base * height‬
‭2. Title case function‬
python‬
‭

def‬‭
‭ title_case(sentence):‬
return‬‭
‭ sentence.title()‬

‭3. deleteChar() function‬

python‬
‭

def‬‭
‭ deleteChar(string, ch):‬
return‬‭
‭ string.replace(ch,‬‭
""‬
)‬
‭

‭4. Occurrences of substring using find()‬

python‬
‭

line =‬‭
‭ "banana bandana"‬
substring =‬‭
‭ "ana"‬
count =‬‭
‭ 0‬
start =‬‭
‭ 0‬
while‬‭
‭ True:‬
pos = line.find(substring, start)‬
‭
if‬‭
‭ pos == -‬
1‭
‭:‬‬
break‬
‭
count +=‬‭
‭ 1‬
start = pos +‬‭
‭ 1‬
print‬
‭ (count)‬
‭

‭5. Replace vowels in string‬

python‬
‭
def‬‭
‭ replace_vowels(st):‬
vowels =‬‭
‭ "aeiouAEIOU"‬
return‬‭
‭ ""‬
.join([‬
‭ '*'‬‭
‭ if‬‭
ch‬‭
in‬‭
vowels‬‭
else‬‭
ch‬‭
for‬‭
ch‬‭
in‬‭
st])‬

‭6. Positional vs Keyword arg (example)‬

‭‬ P
● ‭ ositional: Provided by position.‬
‭●‬ ‭Keyword: Provided by name.‬
‭Example:‬

python‬
‭

def‬‭
‭ greet(name, msg):‬
print‬
‭ (name, msg)‬
‭
greet(‬
‭ "Alice"‬
‭ , msg=‬
‭ "Hello"‬
‭ )‬‭
‭ # keyword‬

‭7. Length of longest word‬

python‬
‭

def‬‭
‭ longest_word(words):‬
return‬‭
‭ max‬
([‬
‭ len‬
‭ (word)‬‭
‭ for‬‭
word‬‭
in‬‭
words])‬

‭8. Output of fun1 (nonlocal/global error)‬

python‬
‭

def‬‭
‭ fun1():‬
x =‬‭
‭ 100‬
def‬‭
‭ fun2():‬
x =‬‭
‭ 200‬
print‬
‭ (‬
‭ "Before calling fun2:"‬‭
‭ +‬‭
str‬
(x))‬
‭
print‬
‭ (‬
‭ "Calling fun2 now:"‬
‭ )‬
‭
fun2()‬
‭
print‬
‭ (‬
‭ "After calling fun2:"‬‭
‭ +‬‭
str‬
(x))‬
‭
x =‬‭
‭ 50‬
fun1()‬
‭
print‬
‭ (‭
‭"‬x in main:"‬‭
+‬‭
str‬
(x))‬
‭

‭Output:‬

text‬
‭

Before calling fun2:100‬

‭
Calling fun2 now:‬
‭
After calling fun2:100‬
‭
x in main:50‬
‭

‭9. Actual vs Formal parameters‬

‭ ‬ ‭Actual: Supplied during function call.‬
●
‭●‬ ‭Formal: Declared in function definition.‬
python‬
‭

def‬‭
‭ add(a, b):‬ ‭
# formal‬
return‬‭
‭ a + b‬
add(‬
‭ 2‬
‭ ,‬‭
‭ 3‭
)‬‬ # actual‬
‭

‭10. Default arguments‬

‭Arguments in a function with default value used if not provided.‬

python‬
‭

def‬‭
‭ func(a, b=‬
10‬
‭ ):‬‭
‭ # b is default‬
return‬‭
‭ a + b‬
func(‬
‭ 5‭
‭)‬‬‭
# uses default 10‬

‭11. Local vs Global variable‬

 ‭‬ L
● ‭ ocal: Defined inside function, accessible only there.‬
‭●‬ ‭Global: Defined outside, accessible everywhere.‬

‭12. Output for power/calcSquare‬

python‬
‭

def‬‭
‭ power(b, P):‬
r = b ** P‬
‭
return‬‭
‭ r‬
def‬‭
‭ calcSquare(a):‬
a = power(a,‬‭
‭ 2‬)‬
‭
return‬‭
‭ a‬
n =‬‭
‭ 5‬
result = calcSquare(n)‬
‭
print‬
‭ (result)‬
‭

‭Output:‬

text‬
‭

25‬
‭

‭This content is formatted for easy reading and conversion to PDF. Each answer is‬
‭cited and sectioned for clarity.‬

‭Related‬
‭ ow can I convert code output into a PDF document in Python‬
H
‭What tools or libraries are best for compiling code explanations into a single‬
‭document‬
‭How to generate a summarized PDF report from multiple coding examples‬
‭Can I automate the creation of a PDF with formatted code and explanations‬
‭What are the recommended methods for combining multiple outputs into one file‬
‭Question:‬
‭What will the following code output?‬

python‬
‭

string =‬‭
‭ "aabbcc"‬
count =‬‭
‭ 3‬
while‬‭
‭ True:‬
if‬‭
‭ string ==‬‭
'a'‬
:‬
‭
string = string[‬
‭ 2‭
‭:‬]‬
elif‬‭
‭ string[-‬
1‬
‭ ] ==‬‭
‭ 'b'‬
:‬
‭
string = string[:‬
‭ 2‬
‭ ]‬
‭
else‬
‭ :‬
‭
count +=‬‭
‭ 1‬
break‬
‭
print‬
‭ (string)‬
‭
print‬
‭ (count)‬
‭

‭Answer:‬

text‬
‭

bbcc‬
‭
4‬
‭

‭Q2. String slicing code output‬

‭Question:‬
‭Output for:‬

python‬
‭

x =‬‭
‭ "helloworld"‬
print‬
‭ (x[:‬
‭ 2‬
‭ ], x[:-‬
‭ 2‬
‭ ], x[-‬
‭ 2‭
‭:‬])‬
print‬
‭ (x[‬
‭ 6‭
‭]‬, x[‬
2‭
‭ :
‬‭
4‬‭
]
‬)‬
print‬
‭ (x[‬
‭ 2‭
‭:‬-‬
3‭
‭ ]
‬, x[-‬
4‭
‭ :
‬-‬
2‬
‭ ])‬
‭

‭Answer:‬

text‬
‭

he hellowor ld‬
‭
o ll‬
‭
llowo or‬
‭

‭Q3. Output of custom message loop code‬

‭Question:‬
‭Find the output of the following loop with Msg1, Msg2, Msg3.‬

‭Answer:‬
‭Analyzing each character, output is:‬

text‬
‭

G*L*TM E‬
‭

‭Q4. Corrected loop code (syntax errors underlined)‬

‭Question:‬
‭Rewrite with corrections and underline each change.‬

python‬
‭

30‬‭
‭ = To‬
For K‬‭
‭ in‬‭
range‬
(‭
‭ 0
‬‭
,‬ To)‬
If K%‬
‭ 4‭
‭=‬‬
0‭
‭:‬‬
print‬
‭ (K*‬
‭ 4‭
‭)‬‬
Else:‬
‭
print‬
‭ (K+‬
‭ 3‭
‭)‬‬

‭Answer:‬

python‬
‭

To =‬‭
‭ 30‬ ‭
# corrected assignment‬
for‬‭
‭ K‬‭
in‬‭
range‬
(‭
‭ 0
‬‭
,‬ To):‬ ‭
# corrected for syntax, colon‬
if‬‭
‭ K %‬‭
4‬‭
==‬‭
0‭
:
‬‬ # corrected if, ==, colon‬
‭
print‬
‭ (K *‬‭
‭ 4‭
)‬‬ # indentation‬
‭
else‬
‭ :‬
‭ # colon‬
‭
print‬
‭ (K +‬‭
‭ 3‭
)‬‬ # indentation‬
‭

‭Q5. Corrected code with all syntax fixes underlined‬

‭Question:‬
‭Rewrite with corrections and underline each change.‬

‭Answer:‬

python‬
‭

a =‬‭
‭ 5‬
work = True‬
‭ # capital T‬
‭
b =‬‭
‭ "hello"‬ # quotes around string‬
‭
c = b * a‬
‭ # repeat string‬
‭
for‬‭
‭ i‬‭
in‬‭
range‬
(‭
‭ 1
‬0‬
):‬
‭ # lowercase for, add colon‬
‭
if‬‭
‭ i %‬‭
7‬‭
==‬‭
0‭
:
‬‬ # == not =‬
‭
continue‬
‭
‭Q6. Corrected for loop for names‬
‭Question:‬
‭Rewrite with corrections and underline.‬

‭Answer:‬

python‬
‭

for‬‭
‭ Name‬‭
in‬‭
[‭
"‬Ramesh"‬
,‬‭
‭ "Suraj"‬
,‬‭
‭ "Priya"‬
]:‬
‭ # quotes,‬‭
‭ colon‬
if‬‭
‭ Name ==‬‭
'S'‬
:‬
‭ # if, ==,‬‭
‭ colon‬
print‬
‭ (Name)‬
‭ # indentation‬
‭

‭Q7. Corrected code with loop and print options‬

‭Question:‬
‭Rewrite with corrections and underline.‬

python‬
‭

a = b =‬‭
‭ 10‬
c = a + b‬
‭
While c =<‬‭
‭ 20‬
:‬
‭
print‬
‭ (c, END=‬
‭ "*"‬
‭ )‬
‭
c +=‬‭
‭ 10‬

‭Answer:‬

python‬
‭

a = b =‬‭
‭ 10‬
c = a + b‬
‭
while‬‭
‭ c <=‬‭
20‬
:‬
‭ # lowercase, <= not‬‭
‭ =<‬
print‬
‭ (c, end=‬
‭ "*"‬
‭ )‬
‭ # end, not END‬
‭
c +=‬‭
‭ 10‬
‭Q8. Which printed outputs are possible from random‬
‭code?‬
‭Question:‬
‭Given the code below:‬

python‬
‭

a = random.randint(‬
‭ 1‭
‭,‬‭
5
‬‬)‬
‭
b = random.randint(‬
‭ 1‭
‭,‬‭
3
‬‬)‬
‭
c = random.randint(‬
‭ 2‭
‭,‬‭
6
‬‬)‬
‭
print‬
‭ (a, b, c)‬
‭

‭Which outputs are possible?‬

‭(i) 213 (ii) 444 (iii) 321 (iv) 535‬

‭Answer:‬
‭Possible: (i) 213 and (iv) 535‬
‭Not possible: (ii) and (iii) due to out-of-range values‬

‭Q9. Output with n = 10 and 11‬

‭Question:‬
‭For n=10 or 11, what is output?‬

python‬
‭

i =‬‭
‭ 2‬
while‬‭
‭ i < n:‬
if‬‭
‭ i %‬‭
5‬‭
==‬‭
0‭
:
‬‬
break‬
‭
print‬
‭ (i)‬
‭
i +=‬‭
‭ 1‬
else‬
‭ :‬
‭
print‬
‭ (‬
‭ "done"‬
‭ )‬
‭

‭Answer:‬

text‬
‭

2‬
‭
3‬
‭
4‬
‭

‭(The loop breaks when i=5 and does not reach the else)‬

‭Q10. Difference between List and Tuple‬

‭Answer:‬

‭‬ L
● ‭ ist: Ordered, mutable sequence; can change elements.‬
‭●‬ ‭Tuple: Ordered, immutable sequence; cannot modify after creation.‬

‭Q11. Ordered vs Unordered Collection‬

‭Answer:‬

‭●‬ ‭Ordered collection: Elements have a fixed, readable order. Example: List‬
[1,2,3]‬
‭ ‭, Tuple‬‭
(1,2,3)‬ ‭.‬
‭●‬ ‭Unordered collection: No intrinsic order. Example: Set‬‭ ‭, Dictionary‬
{1,2,3}‬
‭keys‬‭
{"a":1, "b":2}‬ ‭.‬
‭Q12. Dictionary operations‬
‭Question:‬
‭Employee = {“Empno‟:1,‟Name‟:‟Snehil‟,‟Salary‟:80000}‬
‭Write statements:‬
‭(i) Print employee name‬
‭(ii) Update salary to 90000‬
‭(iii) Get all values‬

‭Answer:‬

python‬
‭

print‬
‭ (Employee[‬
‭ "Name"‬
‭ ])‬
‭ # (i)‬
‭
Employee[‬
‭ "Salary"‬
‭ ] =‬‭
‭ 90000‬ # (ii)‬
‭
print‬
‭ (Employee.values())‬
‭ # (iii)‬
‭

‭Chapter: Functions‬

‭1. Area of triangle function‬

python‬
‭

def‬‭
‭ triangle_area(base, height):‬
return‬‭
‭ 0.5‬‭
* base * height‬

‭2. Title case function‬

python‬
‭
def‬‭
‭ title_case(sentence):‬
return‬‭
‭ sentence.title()‬

‭3. deleteChar() function‬

python‬
‭

def‬‭
‭ deleteChar(string, ch):‬
return‬‭
‭ string.replace(ch,‬‭
""‬
)‬
‭

‭4. Occurrences of substring using find()‬

python‬
‭

line =‬‭
‭ "banana bandana"‬
substring =‬‭
‭ "ana"‬
count =‬‭
‭ 0‬
start =‬‭
‭ 0‬
while‬‭
‭ True:‬
pos = line.find(substring, start)‬
‭
if‬‭
‭ pos == -‬
1‭
‭:‬‬
break‬
‭
count +=‬‭
‭ 1‬
start = pos +‬‭
‭ 1‬
print‬
‭ (count)‬
‭

‭5. Replace vowels in string‬

python‬
‭

def‬‭
‭ replace_vowels(st):‬
vowels =‬‭
‭ "aeiouAEIOU"‬
return‬‭
‭ ""‬
.join([‬
‭ '*'‬‭
‭ if‬‭
ch‬‭
in‬‭
vowels‬‭
else‬‭
ch‬‭
for‬‭
ch‬‭
in‬‭
st])‬
‭6. Positional vs Keyword arg (example)‬
‭‬ P
● ‭ ositional: Provided by position.‬
‭●‬ ‭Keyword: Provided by name.‬
‭Example:‬

python‬
‭

def‬‭
‭ greet(name, msg):‬
print‬
‭ (name, msg)‬
‭
greet(‬
‭ "Alice"‬
‭ , msg=‬
‭ "Hello"‬
‭ )‬‭
‭ # keyword‬

‭7. Length of longest word‬

python‬
‭

def‬‭
‭ longest_word(words):‬
return‬‭
‭ max‬
([‬
‭ len‬
‭ (word)‬‭
‭ for‬‭
word‬‭
in‬‭
words])‬

‭8. Output of fun1 (nonlocal/global error)‬

python‬
‭

def‬‭
‭ fun1():‬
x =‬‭
‭ 100‬
def‬‭
‭ fun2():‬
x =‬‭
‭ 200‬
print‬
‭ (‬
‭ "Before calling fun2:"‬‭
‭ +‬‭
str‬
(x))‬
‭
print‬
‭ (‬
‭ "Calling fun2 now:"‬
‭ )‬
‭
fun2()‬
‭
print‬
‭ (‬
‭ "After calling fun2:"‬‭
‭ +‬‭
str‬
(x))‬
‭
x =‬‭
‭ 50‬
fun1()‬
‭
print‬
‭ (‭
‭"‬x in main:"‬‭
+‬‭
str‬
(x))‬
‭
‭Output:‬

text‬
‭

Before calling fun2:100‬

‭
Calling fun2 now:‬
‭
After calling fun2:100‬
‭
x in main:50‬
‭

‭9. Actual vs Formal parameters‬

‭ ‬ ‭Actual: Supplied during function call.‬
●
‭●‬ ‭Formal: Declared in function definition.‬
python‬
‭

def‬‭
‭ add(a, b):‬ ‭
# formal‬
return‬‭
‭ a + b‬
add(‬
‭ 2‬
‭ ,‬‭
‭ 3‭
)‬‬ # actual‬
‭

‭10. Default arguments‬

‭Arguments in a function with default value used if not provided.‬

python‬
‭

def‬‭
‭ func(a, b=‬
10‬
‭ ):‬‭
‭ # b is default‬
return‬‭
‭ a + b‬
func(‬
‭ 5‭
‭)‬‬‭
# uses default 10‬

‭11. Local vs Global variable‬

‭‬ L
● ‭ ocal: Defined inside function, accessible only there.‬
‭●‬ ‭Global: Defined outside, accessible everywhere.‬

‭12. Output for power/calcSquare‬

python‬
‭

def‬‭
‭ power(b, P):‬
r = b ** P‬
‭
return‬‭
‭ r‬
def‬‭
‭ calcSquare(a):‬
a = power(a,‬‭
‭ 2‬)‬
‭
return‬‭
‭ a‬
n =‬‭
‭ 5‬
result = calcSquare(n)‬
‭
print‬
‭ (result)‬
‭

‭String Functions‬

‭Basic String Manipulation‬

sql‬
‭

-- Display first 3 characters of country name‬

‭
SELECT‬‭
‭ LEFT‬
(‭
‭"
‬INDIA"‬
,‬‭
‭ 3‭
)
‬;‬

-- Display last 4 characters‬

‭
SELECT‬‭
‭ RIGHT‬
(‬
‭"Computer Science"‬
‭ ,‬‭
‭ 4‬
);‬
‭

-- Extract middle portion of string‬

‭
SELECT‬‭
‭ MID(‬
"Informatics"‬
‭ ,‬‭
‭ 3‬
,‬‭
‭ 4‭
)
‬;‬
SELECT‬‭
‭ SUBSTR(‬
"Practices"‬
‭ ,‬‭
‭ 3‭
)
‬;‬

-- Get length of string‬

‭
SELECT‬‭
‭ LENGTH(‬
"Informatics Practices"‬
‭ );‬
‭

‭Case Conversion Functions‬

sql‬
‭

-- Convert to uppercase‬
‭
SELECT‬‭
‭ UPPER(‬
"informatics practices"‬
‭ );‬
‭
-- Convert to lowercase‬
‭
SELECT‬‭
‭ LOWER(‬
"COMPUTER SCIENCE"‬
‭ );‬
‭

-- Remove leading/trailing spaces‬

‭
SELECT‬‭
‭ TRIM(‬
"
‭ Hello World "‬
);‬
‭

‭String Search Functions‬

sql‬
‭

-- Find position of substring‬

‭
SELECT‬‭
‭ INSTR(‬
"WELCOME WORLD"‬
‭ ,‬‭
‭ "COME"‬
);‬
‭

-- Check if string contains pattern‬

‭
SELECT‬‭
‭ LOCATE(‬
"tech"‬
‭ ,‬‭
‭ "Computer Technology"‬
);‬
‭

‭Mathematical Functions‬

‭Basic Math Operations‬

sql‬
‭

-- Power function‬
‭
SELECT‬‭
‭ POW(‬
2‭
‭,
‬‬‭
3‭
)
‬;‬
SELECT‬‭
‭ POWER(‬
5‭
‭,
‬‬‭
2‭
)
‬;‬

-- Square root‬
‭
SELECT‬‭
‭ SQRT(‬
25‬
‭ );‬
‭

-- Absolute value‬
‭
SELECT‬‭
‭ ABS(-‬
15‬
‭ );‬
‭

-- Modulus (remainder)‬
‭
SELECT‬‭
‭ MOD(‬
100‬
‭ ,‬‭
‭ 9‭
)
‬;‬
‭Rounding Functions‬
sql‬
‭

-- Round to specific decimal places‬

‭
SELECT‬‭
‭ ROUND(‬
123.2345‬
‭ ,‬‭
‭ 2‭
)
‬;‬
SELECT‬‭
‭ ROUND(‬
342.9234‬
‭ , -‬
‭ 1‬
‭);‬
‭

-- Ceiling and floor‬

‭
SELECT‬‭
‭ CEIL(‬
4.3‬
‭ );‬
‭
SELECT‬‭
‭ FLOOR(‬
4.9‬
‭ );‬
‭

-- Truncate decimal places‬

‭
SELECT‬‭
‭ TRUNCATE‬
(‬
‭123.456‬
‭ ,‬‭
‭ 1‭
)
‬;‬

‭Date and Time Functions‬

‭Current Date/Time‬
sql‬
‭

-- Get current date‬

‭
SELECT‬‭
‭ CURDATE();‬

-- Get current time‬

‭
SELECT‬‭
‭ CURTIME();‬

-- Get current date and time‬

‭
SELECT‬‭
‭ NOW();‬

‭Date Extraction Functions‬

sql‬
‭

-- Extract year, month, day‬

‭
SELECT‬‭
‭ YEAR‬
(‭
‭"
‬1979/11/26"‬
),‬‭
‭ MONTH‬
(‭
‭"
‬1979/11/26"‬
),‬‭
‭ DAY‬
(‭
‭"
‬1979/11/26"‬
);‬
‭

-- Get month and day names‬

‭
SELECT‬‭
‭ MONTHNAME(‬
"1979/11/26"‬
‭ ), DAYNAME(‬
‭ "1979/11/26"‬
‭ );‬
‭

-- Extract time components‬

‭
SELECT‬‭
‭ HOUR‬
(NOW()),‬‭
‭ MINUTE‬
(NOW()),‬‭
‭ SECOND‬
(NOW());‬
‭

‭Aggregate Functions‬

‭Basic Aggregate Operations‬

sql‬
‭

-- Assuming a table STUDENT with columns: StudentID, Name, Marks,‬

‭
Grade‬
‭
SELECT‬‭
‭ COUNT(*)‬‭
FROM‬‭
STUDENT;‬

SELECT‬‭
‭ MAX(Marks)‬‭
FROM‬‭
STUDENT;‬

SELECT‬‭
‭ MIN(Marks)‬‭
FROM‬‭
STUDENT;‬

SELECT‬‭
‭ AVG(Marks)‬‭
FROM‬‭
STUDENT;‬

SELECT‬‭
‭ SUM(Marks)‬‭
FROM‬‭
STUDENT;‬

‭Advanced Aggregate Queries‬

sql‬
‭

-- Count non-null values‬

‭
SELECT‬‭
‭ COUNT(Grade)‬‭
FROM‬‭
STUDENT‬‭
WHERE‬‭
Grade IS NOT‬‭
NULL;‬

-- Group by with aggregate‬

‭
SELECT‬‭
‭ Grade, COUNT(*)‬‭
FROM‬‭
STUDENT‬‭
GROUP‬‭
BY‬‭
Grade;‬

SELECT‬‭
‭ Grade, AVG(Marks)‬‭
FROM‬‭
STUDENT‬‭
GROUP‬‭
BY‬‭
Grade‬‭
HAVING‬
AVG(Marks) >‬‭
‭ 75‬
;‬
‭
‭Practical Exercise Questions‬

‭Question 1: Product Table Operations‬

sql‬
‭

-- Create table‬
‭
CREATE‬‭
‭ TABLE‬‭
PRODUCT (‬
PCode‬‭
‭ VARCHAR‬
(‬
‭10‬
‭ )‬‭
‭ PRIMARY‬‭
KEY‬
,‬
‭
PName‬‭
‭ VARCHAR‬
(‬
‭50‬
‭ ) NOT NULL,‬
‭
UPrice‬‭
‭ DECIMAL‬
(‭
‭1
‬0‬
,‭
‭2
‬‬
),‬
‭
Quantity‬‭
‭ INT‬
);‬
‭

-- Add discount column‬

‭
ALTER‬‭
‭ TABLE‬‭
PRODUCT‬‭
ADD‬‭
DISCOUNT‬‭
DECIMAL‬
(‬
‭10‬
‭ ,‭
‭2
‬‭
)
‬;‬

-- Calculate 10% discount for items > 100‬

‭
UPDATE‬‭
‭ PRODUCT‬‭
SET‬‭
DISCOUNT =‬
CASE‬
‭
WHEN‬‭
‭ UPrice >‬‭
100‬‭
THEN‬‭
UPrice *‬‭
0.10‬
ELSE‬‭
‭ 0‬
END‬
‭ ;‬
‭

‭Question 2: Employee Commission Calculation‬

sql‬
‭

-- Add commission column‬

‭
ALTER‬‭
‭ TABLE‬‭
SALE‬‭
ADD‬‭
Commission‬‭
NUMERIC‬
(‭
‭7
‬‬
,‭
‭2
‬‬
);‬
‭

-- Calculate 12% commission‬

‭
UPDATE‬‭
‭ SALE‬‭
SET‬‭
Commission =‬‭
12‬
/‬
‭100‬‭
‭ * SalePrice;‬

-- Display records where commission > 73000‬

‭
SELECT‬‭
‭ *‬‭
FROM‬‭
SALE‬‭
WHERE‬‭
Commission >‬‭
73000‬
;‬
‭
‭Question 3: Mixed Function Queries‬
sql‬
‭

-- Display current month name‬

‭
SELECT‬‭
‭ MONTHNAME(CURDATE());‬

-- Remove spaces and convert to upper case‬

‭
SELECT‬‭
‭ UPPER(TRIM(‬
"
‭ panorama "‬
));‬
‭

-- Extract 7 characters from 7th position‬

‭
SELECT‬‭
‭ SUBSTR(‬
"INDIA SHINING"‬
‭ ,‬‭
‭ 7‬
,‬‭
‭ 7‭
)
‬;‬

-- Round salary to nearest 100‬

‭
SELECT‬‭
‭ EmpName, ROUND(Salary, -‬
2‬
‭)‬‭
‭ FROM‬‭
EMPLOYEE;‬

-- Display day name of birth date‬

‭
SELECT‬‭
‭ Name, DAYNAME(DOB)‬‭
FROM‬‭
STUDENT;‬

‭Sample Database Queries for Practice‬

‭Student Performance Analysis‬

sql‬
‭

-- Assuming STUDENT table: StudentNo, Name, Subject, Marks, Grade‬

‭

-- Count students by grade‬

‭
SELECT‬‭
‭ Grade, COUNT(*)‬‭
as‬‭
StudentCount‬
FROM‬‭
‭ STUDENT‬
GROUP‬‭
‭ BY‬‭
Grade;‬

-- Average marks by subject‬

‭
SELECT‬‭
‭ Subject, ROUND(AVG(Marks),‬‭
2‭
)
‬‬‭
as‬‭
AvgMarks‬
FROM‬‭
‭ STUDENT‬
GROUP‬‭
‭ BY‬‭
Subject;‬

-- Students with marks above average‬

‭
SELECT‬‭
‭ Name, Marks‬
FROM‬‭
‭ STUDENT‬
WHERE‬‭
‭ Marks > (‬
SELECT‬‭
‭ AVG(Marks)‬‭
FROM‬‭
STUDENT);‬
-- Extract first word from full name‬
‭
SELECT‬‭
‭ LEFT‬
(Name, INSTR(Name,‬‭
‭ ' '‬
) -‬‭
‭ 1‭
)
‬‬‭
as‬‭
FirstName‬‭
FROM‬‭
STUDENT;‬

-- Display names starting with 'A'‬

‭
SELECT‬‭
‭ Name‬‭
FROM‬‭
STUDENT‬‭
WHERE‬‭
Name LIKE‬‭
'A%'‬
;‬
‭

-- Count characters in longest name‬

‭
SELECT‬‭
‭ MAX(LENGTH(Name))‬‭
FROM‬‭
STUDENT;‬